Saturation Excess

Overland Flow

Saturation Excess (Overland Flow) occurs when ground becomes so saturated due to a precipitation event that flow forms in sheets over the ground. Overland flow can also occur when precipitation encounters a relatively impermeable surface, such as a parking lot or solid rock. Overland flow due to snowmelt in southern Utah can create beautiful cascades and waterfalls in the rocks, as well as leave behind sediment once it has infiltrated or run its course (Figs. 1, 2).

Fig. 1. Snow patch sublimating up Logan Canyon at the confluence of Little Bear Creek and the Logan River.

Fig. 2. Overland flow from the flooding of the Virgin River left fine sediment deposited throughout the streets of southern Utah. This picture was taken in Ivins, Utah

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