Jbaar in Biomedicine - Volume 2 Issue 2 (2016)

Jbaar in Biomedicine

Volume (2), Issue (2), (2016): 13-214

Rjeshwari, P., Obulesu G., R. M. Ershad3 , R. Salma mahaboob. (2016). Comparative Study on Serum Enzyme Levels in Cirrhosis of Liver and Alcoholic Liver Disease. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 13-15

Abstract:

Patients with chronic liver diseases are asymptomatic or have only vague non-specific symptoms. Effective medical treatments for chronic liver disease (before cirrhosis is established) are becoming increasingly available and since abnormal LFTs may be the only indication of this diseases. Aims: comparative study on serum Enzyme levels in various liver diseases. Discussion: serum Alkaline phosphatase(ALP), Gamma Glutamyl transferase (Gamma GT), Alanine and Aspartate amino transferases were estimated in viral Hepatitis, Alcoholic liver diseases, Obstructive jaundice, cirrhosis of the liver. It was observed that obstructive jaundice shows higher levels of ALP levels followed by alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver. Viral hepatitis shows higher rise of SGOT, SGPT levels, followed by alcoholic liver disease, obstructive jaundice, and cirrhosis of liver. Gamma Glutamyl transferase enzymes highest levels are seen in alcoholic liver disease. Conclusion: These enzymatic variations are useful to diagnose the disease and classify them according to etiology.

Kharel, R., Joshi, S.N., Khanal, S. (2016). Surgical eye camp in rural area of Nepal and its role in Vision 2020. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 16-21

Abstract:

Blindness continues to remain a major public health problem in Nepal and cataract is the leading cause. Cataract surgical coverage is relatively low in the rural areas where prevalence of blindness is high. This is a descriptive cross sectional camp based study in a remote village of Nepal, where 4 days screening of the eye disease mainly the cataract was done. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of surgical outreached eye camps in rural Nepal and its impact in Vision 2020. 250 patients (54.80% males and 45.20% females) underwent eye health screening tests. Cataract was the commonest ocular disease (29.6%) among the screened population and 24% (60 patients) of them required cataract surgery (57% male and 43% female). The mean age of the operated patient was 71.84 ± 10.6years. Among the operated cases, bilateral blindness was present in 21.66% and unilateral blindness in 70% but after vision restoring cataract surgery, normal visual acuity (6/6-6/18) was achieved in 31(51.66%), and vision of 6/24-6/60 in 23 (38.33%) cases. Cataract remains to be the major cause of blindness in Nepal and arrangement of repeated surgical eye camps in the remote areas of Nepal could aid in reducing the preventable cause of blindness thereby help in achieving the goal of Vision 2020.

Al-Zanbagi, N.A. and Al-Hashdi, D.F. (2016). Prevalence of Head Lice in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia According to Crowding Criteria. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 22-26

Abstract:

One of the cosmopolitan parasites recorded all over the world is the Head Lice, Pediculus humanus capitis, it parasitizes the human being with highly prevalent in children. The habit feeding of Head lice is sucking blood from human and it is about every 4 to 6 hours each day which causing severe irritation and inflammation. Crowding is the factor effect on the prevalence of Pediculus humanus capitis between hosts, this record is related to the crowding factor increased the head lice prevalence among school girl students attending the elementary schools in Jeddah city. Study was conducted by filling the questionnaires for the head lice infected students in the public and private schools under study according to their information in the schools records. The Pediculus humanus capitis infested students were mainly lived in apartments have at least three rooms. The student's siblings was five or more, most of them sharing their sister in bed and having prior infested people in the student's family.

Sunmonu, L.A., Adagunodo, T.A., Bayowa, O.G. and Erinle, A.V. (2016). Geophysical Mapping of the Proposed Osun State Housing Estate, Olupona for Subsurface Competence and Groundwater Potential. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 27-47

Abstract:

Structural failure and water scarcity are one of the infrastructural challenges man faces today. The importance of foundation studies before erecting civil engineering structures such as buildings and highway cannot be overemphasized. Regardless of structure put on the surface of the earth, if the foundation or the subsurface structure is weak, such structure will eventually collapse. Groundwater exploration is gaining more importance in Nigeria owning to ever increasing demand for water supplies, as rain water and surface water are either scarce to get or got polluted by human activities. The study is therefore aimed at characterizing the subsurface for engineering competence and groundwater potential in Olupona Housing Estate, Ayedire Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. An integrated geophysical mapping involving the Electromagnetic (VLF-em) and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were carried out around the proposed housing estate, Olupona, Southwestern Nigeria in order to evaluate subsurface competency for engineering activities and the groundwater potential beneath the study area. Seven (7) traverses were each established for VLF-em survey in S-N and E-W orientation while Sixteen (16) VES stations were deployed along five (5) traverses in order to cover the entire study area. The data obtained were analyzed and processed qualitatively and quantitatively. The VLF-em revealed several geological features which ranged from -18.0 to 12.0 Sm^-1. Positive conductivity zones and negative conductivity zones were mapped in the study area. Some of the positive conductivities mapped showed that the conductive anomalies extended from surface to the depth of 40.0 m. VES analysis revealed three-to-four lithologic sequences which include topsoil, lateritic layer (not present in all), weathered layer, and fractured or fresh bedrock. H-type, HA-type and KH-type were the curve types obtained from VES data with the overburden thickness ranging from 8.0 to 51.66 m. It is concluded that the study area is underlain with thick overburden, thus making the study area unsuitable for construction of high-rise buildings. It is also affirmed that groundwater exploration is sparingly favoured in the study area.

Majumdar, S.H., Patel, C.S. (2016). Design and Development of Surfactants Based Elastic Vesicular Drug Carrier System containing Antifungal Drug for Ophthalmic Disorder. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 48-58

Abstract:

The work depicts utility of a novel; surfactants based elastic vesicular drug carrier system (SEVs), for targeting topically applied drug(s) to the posterior segment of the eye. The system comprised span 20 and an edge activator (tween 80). Terbinafine hydrochloride is a synthetic allylamine antifungal with a low molecular weight (327.89 Da.). It is hydrophilic in nature and has high protein binding and a limiting solubilityis expected to show a poor transport across the cornea; hence no ocular formulations are available. It is used to treat ocular mycoses, the second most usual drive of blindness in developing countries. However, its administered poor patient compliance and limited use due to its variable half-life. Therefore, Terbinafine hydrochloride was comprised into a novel sorbitan (spans) based elastic (SEVs) vesicular system with intent to achieve a prolonged and better effect. It was found to be safe in terms of dermal and eye irritation/corrosion tests according to OECD guidelines. Safety was a crucial issue considering that the system is novel (Indian Patent Application 2390/DEL/2008; 1447/DEL/2010) and is completely surfactant based (spans plus edge activators) formulation.

Arokiasamy, A.R.A. (2016). The Impact of Transformational Leadership of CEOs and Organizational Health of Private Higher Education Institution Academicians in Malaysia. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 59-64

Abstract:

This study aimed to determine the level of transformational leadership practices by PHEIs CEO’s in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The four dimensions of transformational leadership studied were individual consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and idealized influence. The study also looks at the level of lecturers’ job satisfaction as well as the relationship with the practice of transformational leadership style by the CEOs. The respondents consisted of 465 lecturers employed in 15 PHEIs in the Klang Valley district, Selangor. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive analysis and Pearson Correlation Coefficient were used to analyze the strength of the relationship. The results provided an extent of support to the main hypothesis; CEOs that practiced transformational leadership do have an impact on the job satisfaction of lecturers. Main implications are discussed and directions for future research are also provided.

Sirjani, R. (2018). Software Tool for Optimal Placement and Sizing of Shunt Var Compensators in Power Systems. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 65-73

Abstract:

This paper presents a MATLAB-based power system software tool, named as OPSVC for optimal placement and sizing of shunt Var compensators in both distribution and transmission systems. The OPSVC software incorporates the developed optimization algorithms and the backward/forward sweep ‎power flow and radial harmonic power flow methods in an open source environment. The capabilities of the OPSVC are that it can conduct several analyses, such as load flow, optimal placement and sizing of shunt capacitors, Static Var Compensator (SVC) and Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) using different optimization techniques and plotting voltage profile of the studied system before and after installing reactive power compensators.

Bhosale, R.R., Osmani, R.A.M., Gangadharappa, H.V., Gowda, D.V., Moin, A. (2016). Formulation and Evaluation of Chitosan-Gellan Beads as Controlled Drug Delivery System of Antihypertensive Drug. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 74-81

Abstract:

The use of natural polymers in the design of drug delivery formulation has received much attention due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Among them, chitosan and gellan are very promising and have been widely exploited in pharmaceutical industry for controlled drug release. In the present study, an attempt has been made to formulate chitosan-gellan beads of Diltiazem hydrochloride using chitosan and gellan as ionic polysaccharide, and calcium chloride as cross-linking agent. The formulations were prepared by varying the concentration of gellan gum and chitosan. The prepared beads were evaluated for drug polymer interaction by FT-IR, DSC andsurface morphology by SEM. Drug content, swelling studies and in vitro drug release were carried out on prepared beads. FT-IR and DSC studies showed no interaction between drug and polymers. SEM showed spherical nature of beads with inward dents. Swelling of beads depends upon pH, concentration of polymers and crosslinking agent. The in vitro release of drug from beads was controlled for 12 h. Chitosan-gellan beads as controlled drug delivery were prepared by changing the polymer concentration. Swelling studies showed that with an increase in pH from acidic to basic, a considerable increase in swelling in all the formulations was observed.

Khodjaniyazov, K.U., Mamadrakhimov, A.A. Tadjimukhamedov, Kh.S. Levkovich, M.G. (2016). Chemical Transformation of Pyrido[2,3-d]Pyrimidin-4-ONES. 2. Selective Reduction of 2,3-Trimethylenepyrido[2,3-d]Pyrimidin-4-one by Sodium Borohydride. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 82-85

Abstract:

Reduction of 2,3-trimethylenepyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one by sodium borohydride was investigated in an alcohol solution. Selective reduction of only a N1=C2 double bound of the initial compound was shown. The isomeric 2,3-trimethylene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-ones are formed and quantitatively separated on HPLC with chiral adsorbent column. Theoretically formation of four optical isomers of 2,3-trimethylene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ones are discussed.

Gunasekaran, S. Bandeswaran C. Valli, C. (2016). Tree leaf meal from fodder trees in silvipasture and their potential to support growth in young ruminants. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 86-89

Abstract:

The study was conducted with the aim of utilizing leaf meal prepared from Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium trees from silvipasture model of agroforestry as alternate feeding strategy on partial replacement of feed ingredients in compound feeds of goat kids and buffalo calves. The edible leaf biomass from Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium was 9.20 and 18.54 MT/ha/year respectively and their respective crude protein content was 14.81 and 17.66 per cent. Two feeding trials were conducted with Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium leaf meal mix (1:1 ratio) incorporated in concentrate feed for goat kids and buffalo calves at 30 per cent inclusion. The average daily gain of goat kids and buffalo calves fed tree leaf meal incorporated concentrate feed was comparable to daily gain of kids / calves fed conventional concentrate feed in 90 days feeding trial. It was concluded that tree leaf meal (Leuceana leucocephala / Gliricidia sepium - 1:1) can be included up to 30% level in concentrate feed of goat kids and buffalo calves without any change in the growth rate but reducing feed cost.

Abubakar, B., Giaze, R.T. (2018). Effect of sub-critical temperature during water extraction on the yield and total antioxidant properties of germinated brown rice. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 90-93

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of temperature on the yield and total antioxidant activity of germinated brown rice variety. The brown rice was germinated, size reduced and analysed for amylose. Extraction of 25 g of the size reduced sample was done at varied sub-critical temperatures of 25°C, 100°C, 120°C, 150°C and 180°C with water for 1 h. The resulting mixtures were the filtered and evaporated to dryness. Total antioxidant activity was then evaluated using the 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging ability assay and the 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation scavenging assay. The yield of the extract was directly proportional to the extracting temperature. The extract obtained at 25°C had the lowest yield (3.15%) while that obtained at 180°C had the highest yield (61.10%). The percentage DPPH scavenging activity of the extracts and the ABTS radical cation scavenging activity of the extracts followed same pattern, they were both inversely proportional to the extracting temperature, except for the extract at 100°C which showed a slightly lower total antioxidant activity when compared to the extract at 120°C. In conclusion: Increase in temperature during extraction was directly proportional to the yield of the extracts and inversely proportional to the total antioxidant activity of the extracts.

Mandal, R.K. (2016). Jhum Cultivation and Environment in Arunachal Pradesh. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 94-101

Abstract:

Jhum cultivation (Shifting cultivation) has been practising from the very beginning of human civilization. Today, it is also practised traditionally generally in hilly region. It is a curse to the human existence because of creating so many problems such as environmental, soil erosion, soil fertility, loss of flora and fauna, loss of water resources, etc. This paper seeks to examine an in-depth study to solve the problems created by the shifting cultivation in the country in general and in Arunachal Pradesh in particular as to bring sustainable development by solving the problems created by Shifting Cultivation.

Kosova, F., Demirtaş, Z., Çalım, S., Sapmaz, L. (2016). The Effect on Lactation of Back Massage Performed in the Early Postpartum Period. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 113-118

Abstract:

Background & Aim: The mother’s milk is by itself a sufficient food for the growth and development of a newly-born baby. Lactation begins after a woman has given birth, and it is thought that hormones, along with the physiological changes which take place, have an effect on this process. The aim of this study was to examine the levels of oxytocin, prolactin and noradrenalin and levels of the Beck Depression Scale in order to determine the effects on lactation of back massage carried out in the early postpartum period. Methods: We randomly assigned 60 women who had a normal delivery into two groups: a massage group and a controlgroup. TheBeck Depression Questionnaire was applied to the groups, and 2 cc blood samples were taken for measurement ofthe levels of prolactin, oxytocin and noradrenalin by the Elisa method.(Milipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA). Results: We observed that levels of noradrenalin fell to a statistically significant extent in the massage group compared with the control group (p<0.05), while levels of oxytocin and prolactin rose, but not by a statistically significant amount. We found that the severity of anxiety on the Beck Depression Scale fell significantly in the control group compared to the massage group. Conclusions: Because regularly performed back massage increases the amount of mother’s milk, it will not be necessary to provide supplementary feeding for the baby’s development. As a result individuals will be healthier and there will be no economic losses.

Anno, A.H.F., Konan, H.K., Kouadio, J.P.E.N., Dué, E.A., Kouamé. L.P. (2016). Chemical composition and nutritional value of two edible mushrooms from three regions of Côte d’Ivoire. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 119-125

Abstract:

Wild edible mushrooms are consumed in the center regions of Côte d’Ivoire. In this study, the proximate composition, mineral element profile and amino acid profile of two selected wild edible mushrooms from three regions from center of Côte d’Ivoire including Lentinus squarrosulus and Auricularia politrich investigated. The mushrooms were harvested fresh, dried in an oven at 45°C for 48 hours, ground and analyzed according to standard procedures. showed high level of proteins (24.07±0.30–26.20±0.72%), crude fibre (12.30±0.07–20.13±0.07%), carbohydrate (52.36±1.84–64.64±0.68%), ash (9.58±0.18–16.02 ±0.10%) and fat (0.92±0.02–5.40±0.24%) in all species in the three regions. Mineral analysis of all species indicated the mushrooms were specifically rich in potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. Potassium was found to be the most abundant mineral present in all specie ranging from 1240.02±0.20 to 3414.11±0.94 mg/100g. Cadmuim and lead contents of the two species were generally very low. There were 17 amino acids, and these mushrooms were rich in essential amino acids. The ratios of essential amino acids to total amino acids were 0.40 to 0.45. The high scores of essential amino acids present in these mushrooms implied that they have a high biological protein value. These mushrooms could be considered a potential health food and may be of use to the food industry as a source of ingredients with high nutritional value.

Raju, G.N., Prasanna, T.S.K.T., Surekha, M.K.L., Nadendla, R.R. (2016). Synthesis and Biological Screening of Benzothiazole Derivatives with Pyrazole Moiety. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 133-139

Abstract:

Benzothiazole is one of the most important heterocyclic compound, weak base, having varied biological activities and still of great scientific interest now a days. They are widely found in bioorganic and medicinal chemistry with application in drug discovery. In the present study some novel benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized according to the scheme. All the synthesized benzothiazole derivatives have been characterized by using elemental analysis, FT-IR, ¹HNMR, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and further supported by mass spectroscopy. Purity of all the compounds has been checked on thin layer chromatographic plate and HPLC technique. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activity (MIC) in vitro by broth dilution method with two Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria and two fungal strains. The biological activities of the synthesized compounds have been compared with standard drugs Ciprofloxacin and Flucanazole. Analgesic activities were tested by Tail-flick method and Writhing method. The anti-pyretic activity was evaluated using Brewer's yeast induced pyrexia in rats. The compounds exhibited significant and moderate antibacterial, antifungal, analgesic and anti-pyretic activities. These compounds can be further exploited to get the potent lead compounds. The detailed synthesis and the antimicrobial screening of the new compounds are reported.

Nduka, A.G., Elizabeth, O.E., Olusola, G. (2016). Chemical analysis and protective effect of Elaeis guineensis kernel oil against calcium ion-induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 140-147

Abstract:

This study evaluated the chemical property and effect of Elaeis guineensis kernel (EGK) oil on calcium ion-induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MMPT) using standard in vitro methods. Results showed the EGK oil values for iodine (46.53±1.8 Wij’s), saponification (246.33±1.2 mgKOH/g), acid (10.32±2.5%) and peroxide (3.03±0.4 mEq/kg). EGK oil (150 µg/ml) exhibited a maximal inhibitory (80.9±4.8%) effect on MMPT. Furthermore, EGK oil (100 µg/ml) maximally stabilized (96.72±5.2%) erythrocyte membrane against hypotonicity-induced hemolysis. In addition, EGK oil (250 µg/ml) inhibited heat-induced protein denaturation by 12.42±2.6% and mitochondria lipid peroxidation by 61.03±3.7%. This study showed that EGK oil could possess mitochondria protective agent(s).

Moustafa, Y.M.M., Abd El-Aal, H.A., Abd El-Wahab, M.A. (2016). Introduction of Purple and Deep Purple F₁ Carrot Hybrids to Egypt Showed High Antioxidant Activity and High Content of Total Flavonoids and Phenols. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 148-156

Abstract:

For the improvement of carrot cultivation in Egypt and because of the deterioration of the local Egyptian purple carrots, two novel colored (Purple and Deep Purple) F₁ carrot hybrids were introduced for the first time from Netherland to be evaluated and compared to the broadly cultivated yellow Japanese F₁ hybrid (Kuruda) under the Middle Egypt sandy soil growing conditions. The horticultural evaluation showed that the two purple hybrids have elongated thick roots and good vegetative growth and gave a very high yield of roots in two successive winter seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. The Deep Purple hybrid exceeded the other two hybrids in almost all studied chemical and horticultural characteristics. It showed about three folds of leaves fresh weight/plant, two folds of both root fresh weight/plant and yield/m² when compared with Purple and Kuruda hybrids. The chemical analyses declared that the Purple and Deep Purple hybrids have higher contents of all estimated components and the Deep Purple hybrid had the highest values of total flavonoids (about two folds), total phenols (about 5-6 folds), antioxidant activity percentage (7-8 times), and total soluble solids percentage (1.5-2 times) than that of the yellow F₁ hybrid “Kuruda”. These newly introduced two Purple and Deep Purple F₁ hybrids may be very promising in production and processing purposes of purple carrots and good materials in carrot breeding programs in Egypt.

Shewale, S.B., Majumdar, S.H., Aloorkar, N.H., Rathi, S.R. (2016). Formulation and evaluation of antimicrobial gel of cow urine distillate. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 157-159

Abstract:

In India, medicines based on herbal origin have been the basis of treatment and cure for various diseases. The Indian Cow, Bos indicus, is a most veneered and valuable animal in religious scriptures. Cow urine has found therapeutic applications since days of yore. Cow urine based preparations have powerful antimicrobial, antiviral, anti allergic, and antioxidant activity. So the current research is mainly centered on the exploration of the antimicrobial powers of cow urine and incorporation of cow urine into gel formulation. The gels were prepared by using carbopol 940, propylene glycol, glycerin, triethanolamine, distilled water along with cow urine distillate and Azadirachta indica extract. The prepared gels were evaluated for physical appearance, spreadability, pH, Homogeneity and viscosity. The present study analyzes the antibacterial and antifungal activity of Cow Urine Distillate against the clinical pathogenic microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphalococcus aureus. Maximum antibacterial activity was observed in Bacillus subtilis than Staphalococcus aureus. Antifungal activity of cow urine distillate was analysed against Aspergillus niger. The result revealed optimum characteristics features of gel formulation and confirm antimicrobial potential of prepared gel.

Haruna, A., Kasham, V.A. (2016). X-Ray Florescence Analysis (XRF) of Kaolin in the South Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 160-165

Abstract:

The analysis of Kaolin using X-ray Florence analysis was carried out to determine the elements that kaolin are made of , as well as to ascertain Kaolin’s health benefits. There is variation in the concentration of Kaolin in the five South Eastern states of Nigeria. The analysis shows the presence of six (6) major elements (Mg, Ti, Na, K, Fe), six (6) minor elements (V, Mn, Cr, CZn, Rb, Ba) and Seven trace elements (As, Sm, U, Sc, Co, Cs, Th) in the five South Eastern states under studies. The concentrations of most of these elements far exceeds the daily dietary needs or permissible limits of human being and can thus make them toxic unless taken in small doses.

Majumdar, S.H., Pimpodkar, N.V., Ghadge, T.A. (2016). Devising an economical water purification unit using bio-adsorbent. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 166-170

Abstract:

Number of techniques are available to purify water, it include reduction, precipitation, ion exchange, electrochemical reduction and reverse osmosis. Most of them involve high capital costs with recurring expenses, which are not suitable for small-scale industries. Bio-technique has attracted the attention due to its effectiveness and environmentally benign nature. In bio techniques, agro wastes may be the potential sources for producing bio-adsorbents, which can be used for improving the quality of west water. Banana peel and Orange peel are also used as adsorbents for purification of water. Using natural resources upto it’s extend and making water palatable and is the need of the hour specially in developing and underdeveloped counties. Present work emphasizes use of banana peel as bio adsorbent in water purification unit. The designed water purification unit shows remarkable result in limits of purification of water.

Omisakin, C.T., Esan, A.J., Adesoji, O.A., Ogunbusuyi, B.O. (2016). Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency among Neonates with Jaundice in a Tertiary Hospitalin Nigeria. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 171-175

Abstract:

G6PD deficiency is known to be associated with neonatal jaundice, kernicterus and even death. G6PD is the first enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway and catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconolactone, with the concomitant reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) to its reduced form (NADPH). Three hundred and twenty five neonatal blood samples were collected for the study between the ages of 1–10days of both sexes. About 4ml of blood sample was collected from newborn baby with jaundice, 2ml of blood sample was dispensed into di-potassium ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (K₂EDTA) bottles for packed cell volume and haemoglobin estimation using haematology analyzer (sysmex model KX-21N) also K₂EDTA blood sample was used for G₆PD status determination, remaining 2ml of blood sample was dispensed into heparin bottles for bilirubin estimation. Out of 325 newborn babies with neonatal jaundice, 96(29.5%) were G6PD deficient; 57 were male and 39 were female. Mean± SD of total bilirubin (B₁) andconjugated bilirubin(B₂) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in G6PD- deficient participants compared with G6PD normal. Neonates should be screened for G6PD deficiency when family history, ethnic or geographic origin on the timing of the appearance of neonatal jaundice suggests the possibility of G6PD deficiency. .

Naveen, K.T., Sai, K., Chandana, K. (2016). Synthesis, Characterization and Screening of Novel 5,6-Dihydroacridine Derivatives as Potent Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Agent. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 176-184

Abstract:

Acridine is an important nucleus in heterocyclic compounds which posses a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. In this present work 10-Chloro-5,6-dihydro-12-phenylpyrimido[4,5-a]acridin-2-amine derivatives (PD-1 to PD-5) and 2-Amino-10-chloro-1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-12-phenylbenzo-[1,7] phenanthroline derivatives (PD-6 to PD-10) were synthesized from (E)-2-Benzylidene-7-chloro-3,4-dihydro-9-phenylacridin-1(2H)-one with guanidine carbonate and malononitrile. All the synthesized compounds have been characterized by using elemental analysis, FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and further supported by mass spectroscopy. Purity of all the compounds has been checked on thin layer chromatographic plate and HPLC technique. All the synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activities. These compounds can be further exploited to get the potent lead compounds. The detailed synthesis and the anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant screening of the new compounds are reported.

Kasiri, H. (2016). Examination of the relationship between generating examples and checking examples in children. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 185-189

Abstract:

Examples play an important role in teaching mathematics. Thus, the present research aims at study of the relationship between examples and understanding mathematics. To do so, the following questions are raised: when generating and checking examples, one aspects is given attention or different aspects? Does the learner’s ability in generating more examples make the learner not to check the examples?. To collect the data, the subjects were interviewed with all elementary students in grade three, four and five. were selected that through interview and tracking students’ intellectual method via frequent questions and controlling their drafts, their generated examples become identified. It should be mentioned names are unreal. The results show that there are differences between “generating example” and “checking examples”. Also, it looks that a strong relationship is available between generating example for a concept and understanding that concept.

Tetteh, S., Sheng, W.C. (2016). Terrorism- a game theoretic approach. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 190-197

Abstract:

Terrorism which has been on the increase in recent years is of much concern to both Governments and the private sectors .This research aims at reflecting the contemporary trends in international terrorism, and suggesting the possibility of their application for the Ghanaian private sector. Game Theory, which in recent years has been increasingly used in researches and in creating anti-terrorism strategies is the method of presentation of this write-up. Game Theory is rationally used to examine this phenomenon, and with the aid of economic instruments offer new remedies.

Bandeswaran, C., Karunakaran, R. (2016). Effect of Feeding Time and Nutrient Degradability in Sorghum Stover Based Feeding System on Ruminal Microbial Protein Synthesis in Crossbred Cattle. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 198-201

Abstract:

Farmers fed sorghum stover as staple roughages for low milk yielding dairy cattle was surveyed followed by in vitro and in vivo experiments to enhance rumen microbial protein synthesis in cattle without altering the quantity of forage / feed ingredients. The survey revealed that majority of farmers fed roughages twice daily during morning and evening and supplemented with groundnut cake at forenoon and evening along with de-oiled rice bran in drinking water. The in vitro degradability characteristics of the sorghum stover and supplemental feeds viz., groundnut cake, sesame cake, coconut cake and de-oiled rice bran were studied by Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC). The half time (t_1/2) of organic matter and nitrogen for sorghum stover were 27 ± 4 and 34 ± 4 hour, respectively. The respective t_1/2 time of organic matter and nitrogen for the commonly fed supplemental feeds viz., coconut cake and de-oiled rice bran were 7 ± 1 and 15 ± 2 and 8 ± 0 and 7 ± 1 hour, respectively. Altering the feeding strategy based on t_1/2value of organic matter and nitrogen sources did not increased the rumen microbial protein yield by in vitro / in vivo experiments. There was comparable microbial nitrogen synthesis per kg metabolic body weight of animal between evolved and farmer’s feeding strategies in sorghum stover based feeding system (0.480 vs. 0.485 g / d). Hence, it was concluded that altering the feeding time based on nutrient degradability in sorghum stover based feeding system did not increased the rumen microbial protein synthesis. .

Levkovich, M.G., Elmuradov, B.Zh., Shakhidoyatov, Kh.M., Abdullaev, N.D. (2016). Deuterium Exchange of the α-Methylene Group Protons in the Quinazolones. III. Environment Influence on the Exchange Rate. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 202-204

Abstract:

By ¹H NMR spectroscopy methods the exchange process of α-methylene group protons of deoxyvasicinone by deuterium atoms in the medium of CD₃OD+NaOH and CD₃OD+CD₃COOD depending on NaOH concentration and temperature of the solution and CD₃COOD have been investigated. It was shown that NaOH and CD₃COOD have exchange initiator character, and their effect on the concentration are linear to D-exchange rate. The exponential dependence on temperature allowed us to determine the potential barrier of the initiation of the D- exchange process for deoxyvasicinone in the CD₃COOD.

Aljuaydi, S.H., Gouda, E.M., Moussa, S.Z. (2016). Novel FSHβ gene SNPs correlation to litter size in Baladi and Zaraibi goats. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 205-210

Abstract:

The objective of the present study is to identify the genetic polymorphism at two loci (exon1 and int2, exon3) in the FSHβ gene in two different Egyptian goat breeds (Baladi and Zaraibi goats) and their correlation with litter size. Using PCR- SSCP technique; 4 genotypes (AA, BB, CC and EE) were detected with the predominance of AA and CC genotype among the two breeds. Several SNPs were reported after sequencing in different genotypes. AA genotype had greater litter size in the two goat breeds. PCR- RFLP for int2, exon3 demonstrated the presence of 2 genotypes (MM and MS) in Baladi goats and only one genotype (MS) in Zaraibi does, with the predominance of MS genotype among the two breeds. One SNP; C 2526 G within the restriction site of the Mnl1 enzyme with no significant effect on litter size. These results revealed that exon1 and int2, exon3 of FSHβ gene could be used for improving breeding programs of goat.

Siva, E. (2016). A Study on Tourist Places in Nagapattinam District-Tamilnadu. Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2(2): 211-214

Abstract:

Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure, or business purposes, usually of a limited duration. Tourism is commonly associated with trans-national travel, but may also refer to travel to another location within the same country. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes". Tamilnadu rich with scenic beauty is located at the southern part of india. Resourceful with all kind of verities including temples, wild life sanctuaries, waterfalls, cosmopolitan cities, valleys, hill resorts, beaches etc..., tamilnadu is a must visit state in india for all tourist enthusiasts and will not get disappointed. From chennai to kanniyakumari, tamilnadu has the most beautiful and amazing coastal landscape (Especially, marina beach, nagapattinam (kodikkarai), thanuskodi and kanniyakumari). This research Paper focus on the tourist places in nagapattinam district.

Page updated

Google Sites

Report abuse