Lymphedema is a type of swelling caused by a buildup of lymph fluid in tissues, usually in the arms or legs. It is usually caused by damage to lymph vessels or the removal of lymph nodes. Damage to the lymph vessels results in excess fluid in the lymph transport system. This causes protein-rich fluid to build up in the tissues of the affected body part. Stagnant fluid leads to the enlargement of affected tissue channels. It can impede wound healing and become a breeding ground for bacteria, which can lead to infection.

Although lymphedema is not the same as swelling due to venous insufficiency, venous insufficiency can develop into a lymphatic disease that closely resembles lymphedema. Primary lymphedema is caused by damage to lymph vessels and is associated with vascular problems such as hemangiomas and lymphangiomas. It may develop at birth, during adolescence, or during adulthood. The exact cause is unknown.

Conversely, cancer surgery in areas of the body where lymph node excision is necessary might result in secondary lymphedema, which is brought on by injury to lymph veins or missing lymph nodes. Melanoma, prostate, breast, bladder, colon, and head and neck cancers are a few of them. Anytime lymph nodes are removed, lymphedema may result. It could happen right once following surgery or weeks, months, or even years later.

Lymphedema can also occur as a side effect of radiation therapy in cancer patients. Radiation can damage lymph nodes and form scar tissue that restricts lymph flow. Symptoms of this condition include fullness in the hands and feet, tightness in the skin, decreased flexibility in the hands, wrists, and ankles, tightness in rings or bracelets, and difficulty putting clothing on the affected area. .

Stages of Lymphedema

The development of lymphedema occurs in three stages. The first is the natural recovery stage, when you press the swelling with your finger and an impression is created. The second stage is the stage where the tissue does not recover on its own, and the tissue springs back and does not indent when pressed with a finger. The final stage is irreversible, in which the limb becomes significantly enlarged and the tissues become stiff and unresponsive to pressure. If left untreated, this condition can lead to immobility, skin deterioration, and chronic infections. Lymphangiosarcoma is a rare type of lymphatic cancer that has been reported to occur in severe cases.

The cause of the disease determines the treatment method. If the cause is an infection, antibiotics are given. Complete decongestive therapy (also known as CDT) is used for additional purposes. These include applying bandages, nourishing and caring for the skin, exercise, wearing compression garments such as stockings, manual lymphatic drainage, and preventive measures. The best approach to treating lymphedema is to consult a knowledgeable lymphedema specialist in Jacksonville, Florida. They will be able to identify your symptoms and provide effective treatment.