Illustration of the battle of Yarmouk (636 CE)Unknown (Public Domain)"@context":" ","@id":" -of-the-battle-of-yarmouk-636-ce/#imageobject","@type":"ImageObject","acquireLicensePage":" -of-the-battle-of-yarmouk-636-ce/","caption":"Illustration of the Battle of Yarmouk (636) at the bottom of the page of an early 14th Century CE manuscript. The forces of the Rashidun Caliphate are shown with a star and crescent banner, while the Byzantines are depicted with a star banner. The Byzantines are also anachronistically depicted wearing Crusader-era armor. (Note that the banner designs are not attributed to factions with any consistency by this illustrator of this manuscript).\r\n\r\nBNF Nouvelle acquisition francaise 886 fol. 9v. c. 1310 - 1325 CE. From the Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale de France.","contentUrl":" ","copyrightNotice":"Unknown - Public Domain - This item is in the public domain, and can be used, copied, and modified without any restrictions.","creator":"@type":"Person","name":"Unknown","creditText":"Unknown / Wikipedia","dateModified":"2024-01-02T07:30:17+0000","datePublished":"2020-01-08T07:57:14+0000","encodingFormat":"image/jpeg","headline":"Illustration of the battle of Yarmouk (636 CE)","height":425,"isAccessibleForFree":true,"isBasedOn":"@type":"CreativeWork","url":" :Hayton_BNF886_9v.jpg","isFamilyFriendly":true,"isPartOf":" ","license":" _domain","mainEntityOfPage":" -of-the-battle-of-yarmouk-636-ce/","publisher":" ","representativeOfPage":true,"url":" -of-the-battle-of-yarmouk-636-ce/","width":800

Troop Arrangement at the Battle of YarmoukMohammad Adil (CC BY-SA)"@context":" ","@id":" -arrangement-at-the-battle-of-yarmouk/#imageobject","@type":"ImageObject","acquireLicensePage":" -arrangement-at-the-battle-of-yarmouk/","caption":"Position of troops on the eve of the Battle of Yarmouk (636 CE). Rashidun army is depicted as red, while the Byzantines are represented by blue. Solid colored blocks are infantry, while colored and white blocks are cavalry.","contentUrl":" ","copyrightNotice":"Mohammad Adil - CC BY-SA - This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon a work even for commercial reasons, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included.","creator":"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammad Adil","creditText":"Mohammad Adil / Wikipedia","dateModified":"2024-01-02T04:00:08+0000","datePublished":"2020-05-29T13:01:22+0000","encodingFormat":"image/jpeg","headline":"Troop Arrangement at the Battle of Yarmouk","height":1198,"isAccessibleForFree":true,"isBasedOn":"@type":"CreativeWork","url":" :Mohammad_adeel-day-0.PNG","isFamilyFriendly":true,"isPartOf":" ","license":" -sa/4.0","mainEntityOfPage":" -arrangement-at-the-battle-of-yarmouk/","publisher":" ","representativeOfPage":false,"url":" -arrangement-at-the-battle-of-yarmouk/","width":1433On 15 August, fighting was initiated with several duels, as was the custom in the region, in which the Muslim champions appear to have bested their foes. Following this, Vahan ordered the advance of merely a third of his force to probe the Muslim lines for weaknesses; the fighting was not extreme and the Byzantines retreated after the day's end. Seeking to catch the Arabs by surprise, Vahan advanced at dawn on the following day, probably knowing that the Muslims would be busy offering their (Fajr) prayers. Khalid, however, had stationed scout patrols ahead of the main army in anticipation of such a surprise attack. The Byzantines, upon finding the Muslims completely alert, attacked anyway and locked their center in place as their flanks delivered the blows from either side. Muslim flanks, first the right and then the left, retreated to their camps, where, aided by their women, they managed to hold the enemy until relieved by Khalid's cavalry reserve. The resolve of the dauntless Muslim women has been eloquently narrated by historian David Nicolle:

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