The constructivist learning theory focuses on the learner as an active participant. Both Piaget and Vygotsky agreed that the teacher's role is a facilitator, not a dictator (Kalina & Powell, 2009). Artificial Intelligece (AI) tools and immersive technologies provide rich environments that facilitate student-led engagement to gain knowledge and use collaboration to develop skills and concepts. Constructivism challenges students to become knowledge producers through multimodal experiences and critically engage in their world. Kalantzis and Cope's (2022) work emphasizes the importance of the new learner and the new teacher and the importance of the pedagogical shift that is moving away from the traditional eurocentric classroom.

Augmented Reality (AR) tools naturally facilitate spaces and situations that encourage the 21st-century learner to engage, question and create meaning as active participants. AR challenges students to explore beyond the classroom walls.