Before the October Revolution they were all strong sincere Muslims so firstly they wrote in the Arabic script and secondly their languages had a strong Middle-Eastern influence. And as a result their written languages contained a lot of Arabic and Persian words, which usually were not understood by common uneducated people (then more than 90% could not write nor read at all). Like in Turkey in 1920-1930 there was just popularization and simplification of the languages, which usually meant not Russification, but Turkification.

There are not many Russian words in the "Soviet Turkic" languages, maybe 5% or about so. Moreover they are not Russian but rather international words (mashina, avtomobil, tramvay, subyekt, obyekt, resbuplika, konstitutsiya etc.), as Russian has borrowed many Greco-Latin and European lexicon itself (about 20-30 thousand only common known words! In medical and technical texts they can reach 50% or more). I suppose that there are more French words in Turkish or Latin words in German, than Russian ones in the "Soviet Turkic" languages.

I've checked for own curiosity through the first 52 articles of the Constitution of Uzbekistan [1] and found out only 20 "Russian cognates" of about total 500-600. These are bank, gerb, demokratik, demokratiya, institut, konstitutsiya, norma, normativ, organ, partiya, pensiya, prezident, printsip, respublika, referendum, subyekt, suveren, suverenitet, telefon, texnika. As you can see they are neither Russian nor Slavic at all. The only Russian word I've noticed is sud "a court". I suppose more simple fiction texts contain the minimum of such words at all.--Luboslov Yezykin (talk) 19:07, 6 January 2012 (UTC)Reply[reply]

Gülün üstünə oturmüş kəpənəyi çəkiriksə, kəpənək subyekt, gül obyektdir. Portret çəkərkən fon obyektdir. Obyektlər ölçülərinə görə subyektdən böyük də ola bilər. Ona görə subyekti əhatə edən obyektlərdən ayırmaq üçün onu fokusa yerləşdirirlər, yəni çalışırlar ki, subyekt dəqıq fəza daxilində olsun. Ola bilər ki, bir adamı kütlədən ayırıb qeyd etmək lazımdır. Bu zaman ondan öndə və arxada olan adamların hamısı fokusdan xaric edilir, yalnız o özü dəqiq fəzaya yerləşdirilir. Bu cür seçmə uzun fokuslu obyektivlərin köməyilə həyata keçırılır. Çünki uzun fokuslu obyektivlər fonu daha yaxşı yayır.




Subyekt Ve Obyekt