Fixtures are devices that do three things:

1. Locates part(s) precisely, accurately, & consistently in 3-Dimensional Space

2. Secures part(s) so they cannot move from its location in 3-Dimensional Space

3. Supports part(s) against forces acting upon them (typically due to manufacturing processes/operations)

All three of these functions are essential to a proper fixture. Something that does not accomplish these three functions is not a fixture, and is likely something else...

Clamps are devices that perform one or two functions of a fixture. Clamps always 2) Secure; and sometimes, 3) Support parts, but do not 1) Locate parts

• Clamps are still useful and often are an integral part of fixtures, but by themselves are lacking

Common examples of clamps include, but are not limited to:

• "Letter" Clamps ("C"-Clamps, "F"-Clamps, etc.)

• Vises (Bench vises, Machinist vises, etc.)

• Toggle clamps

Jigs are devices that position and guide a tool against a part, typically to assist in manufacturing processes/operations

Jigs are not fixtures as they do not perform the 3 primary functions of fixtures, since instead of locating/securing/supporting a part, they instead do those things to tooling

• However, jigs can be incredibly useful and are often used in conjunction with fixtures to make manufacturing processes/operations even more efficient/precise

Common examples of jigs include, but are not limited to:

• Drilling/Reaming Jigs, which guide drills to ensure proper alignment and depth of holes in parts

• Welding Jigs, which guide/align welding tools with weld joints

• Routing/Milling Jigs, which guide/align router bits or end mills to cut pockets/grooves in parts

• Layout Jigs, which are used to transfer/copy measurements, geometries, etc.

• Cutting Jigs, which guide saws, blades, or thermal cutters to cut profiles in/around parts