Indirect Speech Qayda

Vasitli v Vasitsiz nitq ingilizc indirect\ direct cmllr ngilis dili yrnrkn aratrlan bir mvzudur. Mllifin szlrinin olduu kimi, he bir dyiiklik edilmdn verildiyi nitq vastsiz nitq deyilir. Mllifin szlrinin dyidirilrk verildiy nitq vasitli nitq deyilir.

Xsusi sual cmllrind d yuxardak qaydalara ml olunur.Lakin ba v budaq cmllri bir- birn balamaq n if v whether balayclarndan istifad olunmur. Vasitsiz nitqdki sual szlri mvafiq olaraq balayc szlr evrilir.

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Zamanlarn uzlamas qaydas vasitsiz nitqi vasitli nitq evirdikd mhm hmiyyt ksb edir. Ba cml kemi qeyri- myyn zamanda olduqda budaq cmldki vzliklr, yer v zaman zrfliklri aadak kimi dyiir.

The subject of the passive voice usually corresponds to the direct object of the corresponding active-voice formulation (as in the above examples), but English also allows passive constructions in which the subject corresponds to an indirect object or preposition complement:

In Japanese, for example, the adversative passive (also called indirect passive) indicates adversative affect. The indirect or adversative passive has the same form as the direct passive. Unlike the direct passive, the indirect passive may be used with intransitive verbs.[12]

Kemi zaman bir qayda olaraq vasitli nitqd olduu kimi qala bilr, v ya kemi bitmi zamana evril bilr:

vasitsiz Tom said: 'I woke up feeling ill, so I didn't go to work.'

vasitli Tom said (that) he woke up feeling ill, so he didn't go to work, v ya Tom said (that) he had woken up feeling ill, so he hadn't gone to work.

You met Sonia a few days ago. She said: 'Jim is ill.' (direct speech)

Later that day you see Jim. He is looking well and carrying a tennis racket. You say:

'I didn't expect to see you, Jim. Sonia said you were ill.' (not' Sonia said you are ill', because clearly he is not ill.)

Vader, however, eventually proved himself to his master and killed each of Cylo's creations and Cylo himself.[60] Sidious had reflected on the triumphs of the Sith by then, from their survival as an order to the fall of the Jedi and the rise of the Galactic Empire. He recounted that it took generations before the Sith could return to power through him. He also remembered his former apprentices, Darth Maul and Darth Tyranus, and considered them tools in his ascension to ultimate power. He credited Vader as his ideal apprentice, but Vader dismissed the Emperor's words as false flattery, believing that Sidious would have made a similar speech to any of Cylo's warriors had they succeeded in defeating him.[61]

Speakers of both Hebrew and Arabic consider their respective language to mirror a unique history, often referring to it as a miracle. This claim to singularity is, on the whole, not unjustified. Hebrew is, so far, the only language that, after not being used as mother tongue for over one and a half millennial, has become again the native language of a whole nation, employed in writing and speech already in the third generation. Standard Literary Arabic, for its part, has not changed substantially, in its morphology and even in syntax, for about one and a half millennial. So exceptional was the history of both languages and so surprising their revival, that linguists, used to the accepted categories of historical development, sometimes failed to acknowledge these facts which did not fit their preconceived ideas. I shall content myself with quoting two rather striking examples. In 1912, Socrates Spiro Bey, in the introduction to his A New Practical Grammar of the Modern Arabic of Egypt, claimed : 006ab0faaa