After running both the "Fix Windows Boot Problems" and the "Redeploy to New Hardware" functions on the new computer from within the Macrium Rescue Environment, windows started to boot! And then promptly showed a BSOD with the error "iastorafs.sys"
Luckily Erik over at tipsdotcom.com stumbled upon an easy fix, which he describes in detail in his post "Macrium Reflect iastorafs.sys BSOD Error". I suggest you read it, but in short, you simply have to boot into the Macrium Rescue Environment and use either the command line of the Windows Explorer utility (little icon on the bottom-left) to find "iastorafs.sys" and rename it to anything else. In my case it was located here: c:\windows\system32\drivers\iastorafs.sys
Iastorafs.sys Download