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Welcome to the Hao Zhang Lab website! We are a research group at Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics.
Neutral atom arrays have emerged as a leading platform for quantum computing and quantum simulation, with two-qubit gates surpassing the fault-tolerance threshold, and recent demonstrations of quantum error correction. In parallel, optical cavities have long served as a central tool in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED), enabling exquisite control of light–matter interactions down to the fundamental level of a single atom strongly coupled to a single photon. Our group integrates these two frontiers by precisely embedding programmable atom arrays inside high-finesse optical cavities, achieving strong coupling between every individually controlled atom and the cavity field. This hybrid architecture allows us to engineer many-body interactions between atomic arrays and photons with single-atoms and single-photon, opening new avenues for studying quantum many-body phenomena, realizing photonic interconnects for modular quantum computing, and advancing scalable quantum information processing.
Rb atom array
The first platform is a rubidium atom array coupled to an optical ring cavity supporting two counter-propagating traveling-wave modes, which fundamentally extends the light–matter control capabilities beyond those of conventional Fabry–Pérot cavities. The system achieves a single-atom cooperativity above 25—well within the strong-coupling regime—with a cavity mode waist of only 7 μm and a finesse of 4.6 × 10⁴. By engineering the spatial configuration of the atomic array, we exploit the dual traveling-wave modes to implement high-efficiency directional photon routing, cavity dark modes that suppress atomic scattering loss, and highly symmetric, tunable atom–cavity interactions for engineering quantum matter. Our objectives include distributed single-photon storage and gating across multiple atom arrays with sub-micron spatial resolution, photon-mediated long-range entanglement between distant atoms without physical displacement, and a coherent photonic interface that interconnects logical qubits in neutral-atom quantum computing networks.
Yb atom array
The second experimental platform is based on ytterbium-171 atom arrays coupled to a Fabry–Pérot cavity. Yb atoms possess ultra-narrow optical clock transitions (notably the ¹S₀–³P₀ transition at 578 nm) that can realize very precise atomic clocks, and their nuclear spin qubits (I = 1/2) exhibit long coherence times exceeding many seconds due to insensitivity to environmental magnetic field fluctuations. By coupling Yb atom arrays to a high-finesse FP cavity, we aim to generate cavity-mediated entanglement among multiple atoms while exploiting the metrological precision of the clock transition. The integration of atom arrays, optical clock physics, and cavity QED will support quantum sensing networks, in which entangled atom arrays with single-atom resolution surpass the standard quantum limit. We will also extend our photonic interconnect architecture to the telecommunications-compatible 1389 nm wavelength via the ³D₁ → ³P₀ transition, connecting quantum computing with long-distance quantum communication.
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