Dr. Sasha Luccioni is a Researcher and Climate Lead at Hugging Face, where she studies the ethical and societal impacts of AI models and datasets. She is also a Director of Women in Machine Learning (WiML), founding member of Climate Change AI (CCAI), and Chair of the NeurIPS Code of Ethics committee.

For the last few months, people have had endless \u201Cconversations\u201D with chatbots like GPT-4 and Bard, asking these systems whether climate change is real, how to get people to fall in love with them, and even their plans for AI-powered world domination. This is apparently done by operating under the assumption that these system have genuine beliefs, and the capacity to teach themselves, as in this Tweet from the US Senator Chris Murphy:

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In the language of cognitive psychology, all of this is \u201Coverattribution\u201D, ascribing a kind of mental life to these machines that simply isn\u2019t there, like when many years ago people thought that Furbies were learning language, when in reality the unfolding of abilities was pre-programmed. As most experts realize, the reality is that current AI doesn\u2019t \u201Cdecide to teach itself\u201D, or even have consistent beliefs. One minute the string of words that it generates may tell you that it understands language.

There is no there there, no homunculus inside the box, no inner agent with thoughts about the world, not even long-term memory. The AI systems that power these chatbots are simply systems (technically known as \u201Clanguage models\u201D because they emulate (model) the statistical structure of language) that compute probabilities of word sequences, without any deep or human-like comprehension of what they say. Yet the urge to personify these systems is, for many people, irresistible, an extension of the same impulse that makes see a face on the Moon or attributing agency and emotions to two triangles \u201Cchasing\u201D each other around a screen. Everyone in the AI community is aware of this, and yet even experts are occasionally tempted to anthropomorphism, as deep learning pioneer Geoffrey Hinton\u2019 recently tweeted that \u201CReinforcement Learning by Human Feedback is just parenting for a supernaturally precocious child.\u201D Doing so can be cute, but also fundamentally misleading, and even dangerous.

The fact that people might over attribute intelligence to AI system has been known for a long time, at least back to ELIZA, a computer program from the 1960s that was able to have faux-psychiatric conversations with humans by using a pattern matching approach, giving users the impression that the program truly understood them. What we are seeing now is simply an extension of the same \u201CELIZA effect\u201D, 60 years later, where humans are continuing to project human qualities like emotions and understanding onto machines that lack them. With technology more and more able to emulate human responses based on larger and larger samples of text (and \u201Creinforcement learning\u201D from humans who instruct the machines), the problem has grown even more pernicious. In one instance, someone interacted with a bot as if it were somewhere between a lover and therapist and ultimately committed suicide; causality is hard to establish, but the widow saw that interaction as having played an important role; the risk of overattribution in a vulnerable patient is serious.

As tempting as it is, we have to stop treating AI models like people. When we do so, we amplify the hype around AI, and lead people into thinking that these machines are trustworthy oracles capable of manipulation or decision-making, which they are not. As anyone who has used these systems to generate a biography is aware of, they are prone to simply making things up; treating them as intelligent agents means that people can develop unsound emotional relationships, treat unsound medical advice as more worthy than it is, and so forth. It\u2019s also silly to ask these sorts of models for questions about themselves; as the mutually contradictory examples above make clear, they don\u2019t actually \u201Cknow\u201D; they are just generating different word strings on different occasions, with no guarantee of anything.) The more false agency people ascribe to them, the more they can be exploited, suckered in by harmful applications like catfishing and fraud, as well as more subtly harmful applications like chatbot-assisted therapy or flawed financial advice. What we need is for the public to learn that human-sounding speech isn\u2019t actually necessarily human anymore; caveat emptor. We also need new technical tools, like watermarks and generated content detectors, to help distinguish human- and machine-generated content, and policy measures to limit how and where AI models can be used.

Educating people to overcome the overattribution bias will be a vital step; we can\u2019t have senators and members of the AI community making the problem worse. It is crucial to retain a healthy skepticism towards these technologies, since they are very new, constantly evolving, and under-tested. Yes, they can generate cool haikus and well-written prose, but they also constantly spew misinformation (even about themselves), and cannot be trusted when it comes to answering questions about real-world events and phenomena, let alone to provide sound advice about mental health or marriage counseling.

Thanks for the input. I ended up buying some from turbosquit.com not great in the en I gave up trying to re-texture them. If any one have any other places it would be great to know Im sure this will not the last time I need people in a model

Hello Everyone. Another solution that you can try is using our software anima LITE.

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I have been planning on making 3D models for sale and I have browsed through websites selling them like TurboSquid or CGTrader, but I start to think about how people use 3D they purchased. I mean, the collection of 3D models on these websites are huge and there are hundreds and thousands of amazing artworks, but I just can't figure out why companies buy them.

For instance, some models are shops like a Starbuck outlet, a skyscraper or industrial buildings. Why people buy them? Are they for rendering? (but what's the purpose of rendering a single building) Are they for product demonstration? (but then it is almost impossible to find the exact building that matches the companies' requirements) Are they for animating? (but a scene usually composed of quite a number of buildings and buying lots of them would be really costly)

This situation confuse me even more when I am looking at expensive, high-end, realistic models. They look stunning but why on earth will someone buy a single high quality 3D model for? (Like a futuristic lazer gun)

I hope someone can answer it specifically on the reasons to purchase 3D models, I have watched some videos regarding this issue but they just give explanations that I just cannot understand (like buying a single cat model for animating :O ) Any help is appreciated.

The main reason is because it's cheaper to buy the final model than it is to pay an artist to create the model. Since the model can be sold any number of times as well, the original creator benefits despite selling it for less than it cost them to make. I've used models that cost over \$200, but would otherwise take well over a week to create, and that's assuming I could find all the references needed to create the model.

As to the types of models and their uses, that depends on the situation entirely. I would imagine a lot of the models like buildings are used as backgrounds for ads or commercials, or as background models for animations. Depending on the situation as well, the models could be used as the focus of the animation, but as you mentioned that is pretty rare as finding exactly what you need can be tough.

I can (try to) lay out a hypothetical situation to make things more clear. Say a company wants a 30 second ad created involving a flyover of a city and the camera then drops to a parking lot where something happens. Assuming none of this can be filmed in the real world, there's a lot that needs to be created. Let's say that it would take a single artist 2 weeks to create the entire shot from scratch. If the artist gets paid \$200 a day (probably on the low side) and works 6 day weeks, you have a total cost of \$2,400. That's not including any textures or references that may need to be bought. Now lets say there is a 3d city scene available for \$500, plus a parking lot scene for \$200, And a fleet of cars for the lot for \$400. Some background images could be used to speed things up, adding \$50, and some sky HDRi's for \$100. We're now sitting at \$1,250, but there's probably a couple days work for the artist to add it all together and create the final elements or modify the bought ones. Say that adds another \$400. We can round the total cost to be \$1,500, or \$900 less than paying the artist to do everything. This isn't entirely accurate of course, as it's just some random numbers and times, but the point is that despite the costs of the models, which can seem high, time is money, so it's a matter of what is the cheapest. 0852c4b9a8

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