FP_LESSON 6

Prepared by: CAM Gonzales

FIVE (5) ELEMENTS OF PHOTOGRAPHY

Light – is an electromagnetic energy that travels in a form of a wave with the speed of 186,000 miles per second.
Camera – a light tight box designed to block unwanted or unnecessary light from reaching the sensitized material.
Lens – is the light gathering mechanism of the camera that collect the reflected light coming from the object to form the image.
Sensitized Material – composed of a highly sensitized chemical compound which is capable of being transformed into an image through the action of light and with some chemical processes. (Film and Photo Paper)
Chemical Process – is the process necessary for reproducing silver halides into a form so as a latent image and a positive image be made resulting to what we called Photograph.

ALL ABOUT LIGHT

WHAT IS LIGHT?

Light is a form of radiant electromagnetic energy that travels in wave motion and it emanates from heat. It travels at speed of about 186,000 miles per second in the air or 300,000 km/sec in an open space, but they differ in wavelength and frequency. It takes about 8 minutes for the light to travel from the sun to reach the earth.

It is considered as the most important element of photography. Light wavelength is the distance measured between two (2) successive crest or through of wave and it is expressed in either Millimicron (nanometer) or Angstrom. Millimicron is the units of a light wavelength which is equivalent to one-millionth part of a millimeter which the Angstrom is relatively smaller for it has an equivalent measurement of ten (10) millionth part of a millimeter.

TWO (2) SOURCES OF LIGHT

NATURAL LIGHT

These are the sources of light coming from nature like the sun, moon, stars, and other heavenly bodies, lightning, fire, etc. These are lights came to exist without the intervention of man. The intensity of the sunlight falling on an open space varies depending on the weather condition, time of the day, or even time of the year. For more accurate exposure setting at daylight, only one character is considered –the kind of shadow cast by an object in an open space

ARTIFICIAL LIGHT

Artificial lighting refers to the light that is produced from artificial sources such as candles, fire, electricity, etc . Also known as 'man-made light'.

CLASSIFICATION OF DAYLIGHT (Natural Light)

AND A KIND OF SHADOW

HAZY LIGHT

When the sunlight is obscured or covered by light clouds, the intensity of the direct light falling on objects in open space is decreased.
In effect, the light coming from the sky becomes stronger that the shadows appear transparent than in bright sunlight
The object in an open space cast a transparent or bluish shadow.

BRIGHT SUNLIGHT

There are two sources of light when the sun is shining bright, namely the direct sunlight and reflected light coming from the sky which acts as reflector / when the sun is shining bright, objects in open space appears glossy and the colors are saturated.
The object in an open space casts a deep and uniform/distinct shadow and the object appears glossy.

DULL SUNLIGHT

It occurs when direct sunlight is completely obscured by heavy clouds, atmospheric moisture, dust and serial haze.
No direct sunlight reaches objects in open space
The object in an open space cast no shadow due to thick clouds covering the sun.

SUBCLASSIFICATION OF DAYLIGHT

Daylight may still be classified as open space bright sunlight, under shade bright sunlight, hazy sunlight, cloudy sunlight and cloudy dull sunlight.
These conditions and their colors affect the appearance of the object being photographed.
Factors such as atmospheric vapor, atmospheric dust, 24 and quality of the reflected light coming and not coming from the source should likewise be considered.

TWO (2) KINDS OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT

CONTINUOUS RADIATION

Continuous radiation are those that can five illuminations continuously. Some examples are: Photoflood lamp, Fluorescent Lamp, and Incandescent bulb.

SHORT-DURATION TYPE (Flash unit)

It gives a brief flash of light produced by burning a metallic wire (flashbulb) or an electrical discharge through a gas-filled tube (electronic flash). The flashbulb is no longer available in the market but the electronic flash offers a great light output in a compact, lightweight, and economical form. Because it is battery powered, it is more convenient for fieldwork where AC current is not available.

TYPES OF CONTINOUS RADIATION

PHOTOFLOOD LAMP

This is likewise known as Reflectorized light or Spotlight. It is a light with a reflector at the back which focuses the light on the object the common wattages of this lamp are 500 watts.

FLOURESCENT LAMP

These are tube lamps in which the walls are coated with fluorescent powders with both ends and are mounted with a holder that serves as the reflector. This is commonly used by everybody more than it is used in photographing.

INCANDESCENT BULB

It refers to the bulb with a wire filament connecting two wires which sustain the electrical charge that produces the light. Everybody likewise commonly uses this although it is more expensive in terms of electrical consumptions

TYPES OF SHORT-RADIATION TYPE

FLASH BULB

Are chemical lamps, as it generates lights by the rapid combination of metal in oxygen. The bulb can be used only once as the bulb is busted when fired electrically. There are thin filaments inside the bulb with two electrical contacts. When the current flows through the filament, it becomes incandescent and ignites the explosive primer that ignites the aluminum foil that burns, giving a flash of tense light.

ELECTRONIC FLASH

It produces light by an instantaneous electrical in charges between two electrodes in a gas-filled glass bulb. The electrical energy for the discharge is kept in a capacitor or condenser. It usually ranges from 1/300 second and 1/5000 second, and because of this, subject in fast motion can be arrested or stopped in the photographs

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