Spermatophytes, Classification of gymnosperms, Phanerogamic way of reproduction in plants, General account of Glossopteridaceae, Comparative study of Coniferales (Pinaceae, Cupressaceae, Araucariaceae, Podocarpaceae, Cephalotaxaceae, Taxodiaceae), Taxales and Gnetales (Gnetaceae, Ephedraceae and Welwitschiaceae), Ginkgos, Cycads, Phylogeny of gymnosperms, Ecological and economic importance of gymnosperms.

Angiosperms Apomorphies, Evolutionary trends in characters, Fossil angiosperms, Principles and outline of classification of Angiosperms: Takhtajan, Cronquist, merits and demerits, Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG)-III system, Basal Angiosperms: ANITA Grade and Magnolids, “Monocots”, Eudicots, Basal Tricholpates, Caryophyllales, Santalales, Saxifragales, Rosids: Vitales, geraniales, Fabids, Malvids, Myrtales, Asterids: Cornales, Erycales, Lamids, Campanulids. Aquatic angiosperms including mangroves.

Resources

1. Floral Diagrams and other morphological characters

2. APG-IV Overview

3. APG-IV Article

4. Asterids

5. Campanulids (Euasterids II)

6. Caryophyllaceae

7. Commelinoid monocots

8. Gentianales and Vitales

9. Magnolids

10. Malvids

11. Rosids_Fabids

12. Saxifragales

Origin, evolution, botany, cultivation and uses - food (Wheat, rice, Potato and Sugarcane), forage and fodder crops (Sorgham, bajra, Gram), Fibre crops (Cotton, Jute Sunhemp), Medicinal and aromatic plants ( Atropha belladonna, Rauwolfia serpentina, Withania somifera and Phyllanthus amaraus), vegetable oil yielding plants (Groundnut, Soybean, Safflower, mustard), Important fiber – wood and timber yielding plants, non-wood forest products- raw materials for paper making, gums, tannins, dyes, resins and fruits, Plants used for shade, pollution control and aesthetics.

Food Plants In Tree Of Life

DNA Barcoding, Major Loci used in molecular systematics of plants, Selection of loci, Tortoise and Hare approach in molecular systematics, phylogenetic tree and tree thinking, Monophyly, Paraphyly, Polyphyly, Apomorphy Vs Plesiomorphy, Homoplasy, Introduction to phylogeny reconstruction, characters and character coding, Delimitation and identification of taxa, Barcode Gap analysis, Identification of species with DNA sequences.

Resources

1. Introduction to Molecular Systematics (PPT)

2. Tree thinking

Videos

1. Phenetics vs Cladistics

2. Orthologues vs. Paralogues

3. Types of evolution: Divergent vs Convergent vs. Parallel

4. Homoplasy vs. Apomorphy vs. Plesiomorphy

5. DNA Barcoding: Primer Design, Sequencing and Contig Assembly

6. DNA Taxonomy

7. Base Call Auditing and BLAST

8. Multiple Sequence Alignment and BLAST

9. Annotation and Genbank submission

1. Hall, B.G. (2011). Phylogenetic Trees Made Easy: A How-To Manual. Sinauer Associates, Inc. USA.

2. Hennig, W., Dwight, D. and Zangerl, R. (1999). Phylogenetic Systematics. University of Illinois Press, USA.

3. Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellogg, E.A., Stevens, P.F. and Donoghue, M.J. (2007). Plant Systematics, A Phylogenetic Approach. Sinauer Associates, Inc. USA.

4. Schuh, R.T. and Brower, A.V.Z. (2009). Biological Systematics: Principles and Applications. Comstock Pub Assoc.

5. Pandey, B.P., Angiosperms-Taxonomy, Emrbyology and Anatomy, S. Chand and Co., New Delhi

6. Bhojwani, S.S. and Bhatnagar, S.P., Embryology of Angiosperms, Vikash Publishing House, New Delhi

7. Sporne, K.R., Morphology of Gymnosperms, B.I. Publication, New Delhi

8. Singh, Gurucharan, Plant Systematics- Theory and Practices, Oxford and I.B.H. Publishing Co. New Delhi

9. Judd,W.S.,Christopher,S.,Campbell.,Kellogg,A.E.,Stevens,P.F.,1999.Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach. Sinauer Associates Inc. Publishers.

10. Simpson, M. G., 2006 Plant Systematics. Elsevier Academic Press.

11. Vashista, 1976, Gymnosperms, S. Chand & Co.

12. Lawrence.G.H.M, 1985 – An Introduction to Plant Taxonomy, Central Book Depot, Allahabad.

13. Porter.C.L., 1982 – Taxonomy of Flowering Plants, Eurasia Publications House, New Delhi

14. Pandey.B.P. (1987) – Economic Botany.

15. Verma. V (1984) – Economic Botany.

16. Hill.A.W. (1981) – Economic Botany, McGraw Hill Pub.

17. Phylogenetic Systematics

18. Phylogenetic Handbook

Voucher guidelines

Herbarium-Voucher Label