When choosing a code, you should use the following steps:

Step 1. Try to identify where in chapters 01 to 12 or 17 to 20 the waste is produced (i.e. the industry or process from which the waste arose, including household or similar waste). Using the information outlined in the bullet points above, identify the appropriate six-digit code for the waste, excluding codes ending with 99.

Step 2. If an appropriate waste code cannot be found in chapters 01 to 12 or 17 to 20, then the next step is to examine chapters 13, 14 and 15.

Step 3. If none of these waste codes properly describes the waste, try to identify whether the waste is described in chapter 16.

Step 4. If a suitable code still cannot be found, choose a 99 code from the appropriate chapter in Step 1.

The use of EWC codes to describe waste is a legal requirement of the Duty of Care for waste which requires the holder of waste to take all reasonable steps to ensure that waste is described in a way that permits its safe handling and management.


European Waste Catalogue


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SEPA has produced an alphabetical list of waste types with their relevant EWC codes. The Waste Thesaurus: SEPA guidance for coding waste is a useful tool to identify the correct EWC code for your waste type.

Methods:  Analysis of the European and Italian legislation, study of waste classification and management in the main European countries, data analysis of mapping of Italian landfills and quantification of ACW disposed there.

Conclusion:  This study reports a useful manual for classifying worldwide ACPs based on their physical state and considering the substances with which the asbestos minerals have been blended. Moreover several clear tables allow the asbestos remediation and waste management operators to suitably classify and dispose of ACW.

An EWC Code is a six-digit code used to identify waste as listed in the European Waste Catalogue. It is formatted as three pairs of numbers, for example 12 34 56. It identifies and classifies waste into categories according to how these wastes have been produced. It adequately describes the waste being transported, handled or treated.

The use of EWC codes is a legal requirement of the Duty of Care (DoC) legislation across the UK. They are required to be used when completing duty of care waste transfer notes and hazardous waste consignment note documentation under current legislation guidelines. The primary purpose is to prevent harm to people and the environment.

If you need help selecting the correct EWC code for your waste transfer note or consignment note, get in touch any time, as we have built affordable software to help you select the correct EWC codes, and complete your compliance paperwork correctly.

The EWC code provides a standardised description of different wastes which enables waste to be recorded and monitored effectively. Classifying the waste will help you to decide on the most appropriate treatment process. In addition, the code will also:

The description accompanying the code explains the scope of the code. It may do this in a variety of ways including references to the type of waste, the activity or process that produced it, its composition, or properties.

The chapter and sub-chapter headings are as equally important as the description alongside the six-digit code. If the waste has not arisen from the activity covered by the Chapter, then you should NOT use that code, even where the individual waste description seems most apt.

Dsposal has put the waste codes list online in a searchable format. This means that it is easier to find the right code for your waste. However, the EWC Codes are written in technical language. To make understanding waste easier we have created the Dsposal Waste Thesaurus.

The Dsposal Waste Thesaurus is a reference database that lists types of wastes grouped together according a relevant EWC Code. The purpose of this refuse thesaurus is for users to find the right EWC Code or codes by which waste may be most fitly and aptly described.

The results page contains all the different chapters, sub-chapters, entries and waste thesaurus keywords. This can be a long list and confusing list. Reducing the amount of results that are returned helps to find the correct EWC Code.

The next step would be to determine the correct chapter. For cutting fluid in the metalworking process the most likely chapter would be chapter 12 - wastes from shaping and physical and mechanical surface treatment of metals and plastics. On the filters menu click choose filter chapter, find 12 and click update. This has reduced the number of possible options.

The European Waste Catalogue (EWC) is a list of waste types, established by the European Commission Decision 2000/532/EC1, which categorises wastes based on a combination of what they are, and the process or activity that produces them. It provides a standard framework for the comparison of waste data (statistics) across all member states. The EWC is used in several reports including quarterly/annual waste data returns to SEPA, the EA and NIEA waste transfer notes and Hazardous Waste consignment notes [1].

The EWC is divided into 20 chapters, most of which are industry-based, although some are based on materials and processes. Individual waste types are assigned a six-digit code so as an example:

When it comes to compliance and sustainability, the correct segregation of healthcare waste is vital. Understanding the EWC Codes for healthcare waste will enable you to correctly identify and classify each waste type, follow best practices, and stay firmly on the route to Net Zero.


The European Waste Catalogue is a hierarchical list used to index and categorise waste descriptions. The catalogue comprises around 650 different codes divided across 20 chapters from 01 to 20. The main chapters are usually defined by industry but in some cases are based on materials and processes; each chapter is further subdivided into categories. The individual waste within each chapter is assigned a six-figure code to classify exactly what type of waste it is.

As well as being a legal requirement of your Duty of Care as stipulated by the Environmental Protection Act 1990, waste management service providers should require you to correctly classify the waste you're producing using the relevant EWC Codes.


Sharpsmart provides fully managed healthcare waste management solutions that include waste optimisation, enhanced safety procedures, and training on compliant waste segregation. Contact us for support with compliant segregation and guidance in educating your staff on classifying healthcare waste; leading to a more sustainable approach to waste management.

Waste characterisation (waste characterization US) is the process by which the composition of different waste streams is analysed. Waste characterisation plays an important part in any treatment of waste which may occur. Developers of new waste technologies must take into account what exactly waste streams consist of in order to fully treat the waste. The biodegradable element of the waste stream is vitally important in the use of systems such as composting or anaerobic digestion.

Waste characterization is a manual process carried beside waste management plants in a process that consists of taking 1 tone from a garbage truck, dividing the sample into 4 parts, mixing them, dividing again into 4 parts and take one of them (250kg) to analyze them manually. This is a process that takes around 3-4 hours to complete the characterization and generally involves 2-4 people.

Even if this process is carried out very frequently (usually every 2 or 3 days), it is only a sample of the composition of the waste. Solid material waste is classified in material recovery facilities with mechanical tools (magnetic for metal, air pumps for plastic films, ramps for rolling objects, etc.) but, in fact, nobody knows exactly what each garbage truck contributes to the waste management plant.

The European Waste Catalogue (acronym EWC) refers to a set (although non-exhaustive) list of wastes that are derived from both households and businesses inside the European Union. The EWC is used to derive a code (six numbers in 3 sets of 2) that adequately describes the waste being transported, handled or treated. The EWC is used where Duty of Care Notices or Waste Transfer Notes are passed between waste management companies, waste carriers and to report volumes received or treated back to the governing agency (such as the Environment Agency in England and Wales, Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) in Scotland, Northern Ireland (NI) Environment Agency, etc.).

The first step in characterising waste is to decide on the appropriate EWC code. These codes carry three categories - absolute non-hazardous, mirror entries and absolute hazardous. Initial assessment for the majority of wastes follows a simple derivation of industry (some 20 main categories) from which they were originally obtained (Agricultural, wood working (furniture), Electronics, etc. ). Each Derived section (denoted by the first 2 sets of 2 numbers refers to a particular industry or sector). The final set of 2 numbers relates directly to the waste. Where a waste is hazardous by its very composition, the EWC is followed by an asterisk).

Each member states Environment Agency throughout the European Union is obligated to adopt the EWC in its reporting methods and to enforce its use by the respective waste management sector. The lists are available through the European Commission's website.[1] Submissions by Waste Management Companies to their respective Member states Environmental Agency are collated, in many instances by conversion to EWC STAT (European Waste Catalogue for Statistics)[2] for submission to the EU, who oversees all member states and ensures compliance with unilaterally agreed standards and recycling rates.[3]

Waste entries are hazardous, not due to the composition of the waste but by virtue of the process that produced it, the same is true for non-hazardous absolute entries. Mirror entries can either be hazardous or non-hazardous depending on the composition of the waste. e24fc04721

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