出刊年月/Date of Publishing

1997.06

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第27卷第2期 Vol. 27, No. 2

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
What’s in a Name: The Earnings Effect of American Law School Prestige
名校何價：美國法學院的聲望對薪資的影響

作者/Author
譚康榮 Tony Tam

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 1-36

摘要
在高等教育的領域，學校的聲望一向有高低之分。從有名的法學院畢業的律師，比其它的律師的薪資高，也是學術研究常常看到的現象。可是過去的實證研究，卻從未嚴謹地探討這種聲望效應的本質。針對這個問題，本文綜合提出五種假設，藉以驗證聲望效應的本質。利用1984年「全美律師的事業滿意程度調查」，本研究發現學習能力、努力與法律知識的差別，不大可能是聲望效應的來源。比較有可能的來源是問題解決能力的差別，其次就是人際網絡的差別。

Abstract
The prestige stratification among colleges, professional schools, or graduate programs is one of the most enduring social facts in higher education. Elite law schools are a career asset for law students and a source of top guns for employers. Previous research suggests that lawyers from elite law schools earn more than other lawyers, but no empirical study has specifically examined the nature of this prestige effect on earnings. This paper formulates and tests five possible hypotheses about the source of the earnings advantage of elite law school graduates: (1) learning ability, (2) problem-solving ability, (3) ambition/effort, (4) head start on legal skills and knowledge, and (5) referral and alumni networks of a school. Using the 1984 National Survey of Lawyers' Career Satisfaction and a formal model of earnings determination, the empirical analysis produces evidence inconsistent with most of the hypotheses that emphasize personal differences due to learning ability, ambition, effort, or head start in specialized knowledge. The findings remain consistent with the problem-solving ability hypothesis and show that only a small portion of the unexplained earnings effect of law school prestige may be due to the advantages provided by alumni networks.

關鍵字/Key Word
教育分層，聲望，律師
educational stratification, prestige, lawyers

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DOI
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學門分類/Subject
社會學 Sociology