出刊年月/Date of Publishing

1994.09

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第24卷第3期 Vol. 24, No. 3

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
The American Revolution and Modern Revolutions
美國革命與現代革命

作者/Author
格林 Jack P. Greene

頁碼/Pagination
pp. 1-26

摘要
本文質問美國革命作爲現代政治革命之模式，何以中道而廢。作者認爲：美國的傳統社會機構的弱點——缺乏歐式的貴族制度與宗教體制——以及社會制度的明顯現代化、自由居民的心態，使得美國革命與建立在舊政權之上的社會扞格不入。此一舊政權妨礙社會與政治的現代化。此外，作者也認爲：殖民時期的美國，其政經體制高度發展之特性，致使美國經驗與科技、經濟與政治資源薄弱的許多國家毫不相干，這些國家曾試圖運用革命作爲發展的策略。

Abstract
This paper asks the question: if the American Revolution can be regarded as the model for modern political revolution, why did it stop half-way? The author argues that the weakness of traditional old world social institutions in America, primarily the lack of a European-style gentry and entrenched religious hierarchy, the clear modernity of the social system and the attitude of the free residents rendered America fundamentally different from any other social system. In another revolutionary context, however, in which the new society is built upon the ruins of the old regime, social and political modernization is frequently obstructed. At the same time, the author also states that in the colonial period, one characteristic of the American political and economic system was a high degree of development. Many countries, a large number of which lack the economic and political resources present in colonial America, still wishfully attempt to use revolution as a strategy for development.

關鍵字/Key Word
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DOI
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學門分類/Subject
史學 History