出刊年月/Date of Publishing

1977.09

所屬卷期/Vol. & No.   第7卷第3期 Vol. 7, No. 3

類型/Type                 研究論文 Research Article

篇名/Title
評析美國總統諮詢委員會的政策使命
The Role of the Presidential Advisory Commission in Policy Making: A Comment and Analysis

作者/Author
曹俊漢 Jiun-Han Tsao

頁碼/Pagination
p. 99-123

摘要
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Abstract
Since President Theodore Roosevelt created his first Commission on Public Land in 1903, the Presidential Advisory Commission system has been widely used by the following presidents for the policy initiative and formation. Besides functioning as independent experts for the president's guidance, the Commission’s members satisfy the public need as well. However, some scholars argue that the setting up of the Commission is just a presidential political cloak for evading pressures from the public and other sources. They argue that presidents don't respond effectively to the recommendations and findings made by the Commissions.  Professor Thomas R. Wolanin of the University of Wisconsin-Madison conducted an investigation to examine presidential responses from Truman to Nixon and found that 99 major Commissions had been appointed and that the commissions in general have enjoyed a good measure of success in having their recommendations supported by the presidents and adopted as government policy. Using the materials surveyed by Professor Wolanin, the author indicates in this article that presidential responses to 99 commissions in this period have been of four types, namely, “statement” (a public endorsement of the Commission’s report out no further action); “message” (a recommendation to Congress); “administrative actions”; and “legislation.” The author concluded that the Presidential Advisory Commission system will be used continuously as a policy making machinery in the future.

關鍵字/Key Word
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DOI
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學門分類/Subject
政治學 Political Science