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What is the Khyber Pass?
What is the Khyber Pass?
Khyber Pass is of significant importance not only in present days but in past times as well. It is basically a narrow mountain valley in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
How long is it?
How long is it?
It is about fifty kilometers long.
Where do we go through this Pass?
Where do we go through this Pass?
If someone has a desire to visit the state of Afghanistan, then one should go through Khyber Pass to reach there most comfortably and conveniently.
When did the Aryans cross it?
When did the Aryans cross it?
The Aryans crossed Khyber Pass nearly four thousand years ago in order to enter Pakistan.
How many times did Mahmood Ghaznavi cross the Khyber Pass and why?
How many times did Mahmood Ghaznavi cross the Khyber Pass and why?
Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi crossed the Khyber Pass seventeen times in order to attack South Asia.
Which is the highest place along the Pass?
Which is the highest place along the Pass?
Landikotal is the highest place along the Pass.
Who lives in the mountains of the Khyber Pass?
Who lives in the mountains of the Khyber Pass?
The valiant tribesmen of the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa use to live in the mountains of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. They are the defenders of Pakistan in a true sense. These brave men fought courageously against the mighty British Empire even under the British rule over our country. They fought for a long period of hundred years and truly defended their freedom.
By what have the camel caravans been replaced?
By what have the camel caravans been replaced?
As the time moves rapidly especially in the field of transport with the inventions of vehicles, the camel caravans have been replaced mostly by trains, lorries and trucks.
What did the camel caravans carry?
What did the camel caravans carry?
Being the major transporter of goods, camel caravans carried bales of cotton, silk and spices from India and China to Afghanistan and beyond. That’s not all; they also brought mirrors, furs, skins and fruits from there for India and the countries to the East.
Comprehension-B
Comprehension-B
B. Learn the spellings and meanings of the following words from the lesson and use ten of them in sentences of your own:
Famous; frontier post; conquerors; route; bales; spices; beyond; zigzag; mighty; defended; delicious; mule trains; stretched.
Answer:
Words
Meanings
famous
known about by many people
frontier post
an official point where people or vehicles cross over a border between countries
conquerors
people who conquer a place or people; a vanquisher
route
a way or course taken in getting from a starting point to a destination
bales
a large bundle of raw or finished material tightly bound with cord or wire and often wrapped
spices
an aromatic or pungent vegetable substance used to flavor food, e.g. cloves, pepper, or cumin.
beyond
at or to the further side of.
zigzag
a line or course having abrupt alternate right and left turns.
mighty
possessing great and impressive power or strength, especially because of size
defended
past tense of defend, resist an attack made on (someone or something); protect from harm or danger.
delicious
highly pleasant to the taste.
mule trains
a line of pack mules or a line of wagons drawn by mules.
stretched
of something soft or elastic) be made or be capable of being made longer or wider without tearing or breaking.
Words
Sentences
famous
Shahid Afridi is a famous Pakistani cricketer.
route
It’s the shortest route to Lahore.
spices
Asian cuisine is famous for its spices, aroma and flavors.
beyond
This job is beyond my ability and capability.
zigzag
The zigzag path leads to the busiest market of the town.
mighty
One’s character and attitude make him mighty in the eyes of others.
defended
The warriors defended their land quite well.
delicious
Yesterday my father made me a delicious lunch.
mule trains
Still one can find mule trains in the northern areas of Pakistan.
stretched
I stretched out my arms and legs to relax for a while.
Comprehension-C
Comprehension-C
C. Complete these sentences with words from the lesson:
Answer:
There are many who traveled through some part of it.
Khyber Pass has been famous in history.
It has also been a famous trade route.
These brave tribesmen fought the mighty British Empire.
They are the defenders of the North-western frontier of Pakistan.
They ate some Tikkas and Chapli Kababs.
The road goes down winding through beautiful scenery.
8.It has to run through many tunnels in the mountains.
9.The students saw a track along which once traveled camel caravans,They were welcomed by the soldiers guarding the frontier.
Comprehension-D
Comprehension-D
D. Look at these compound words:
Mountain valley; frontier post; trade route
Now take one word from list A and one from list B and make suitable compound words by joining them:
A B
Pakistan post
camel line
class trains
check fellows
railway caravan
mule flag
Answer:
A
B
Pakistan
flag
camel
caravan
class
fellows
check
post
railway
line
mule
trains
Comprehension-E
Comprehension-E
E. Learn these words and if you do not know them look up their meanings in a dictionary:
Travel; traveled; traveler; frontier; conquerors; army; armies; cotton; mirrors; country; countries; stop; stopped; busy; excellent; highest.
Answer:
Words
Meanings
travel
make a journey, typically of some length
travelled
past tense of travel
traveller
a person who is travelling or who often travels
frontier
a line or border separating two countries.
conquerors
people who conquer a place or people
army
an organized military force equipped for fighting on land.
armies
plural of army, a large number of people or things
cotton
a soft white fibrous substance which surrounds the seeds of the cotton plant and is made into textile fiber and thread for sewing.
mirrors
a surface, typically of glass coated with a metal amalgam, which reflects a clear image.
country
a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory.
countries
plural of countries
stop
(of an event, action, or process) come to an end; cease to happen.
stopped
past tense of stop
busy
having a great deal to do
excellent
extremely good; outstanding.
highest
superlative adjective of high, great, or greater than normal, in quantity, size, or intensity.
Comprehension-F
Comprehension-F
F. Composition:
Describe in ten sentences any historical place that you have visited recently.
Answer:
Being a history lover, last Sunday I forced my parents to take me to Mohenjo-Daro. Although I have visited it in my childhood once or twice I wanted to visit it again to revive my memories. When we reached there, I was amazed to see the ruins that stood there with all their glory and grandeur. The ruins are scattered in a vast complex that can only be accessed through a large entrance gate. It was divided into two main settlements or sectors. We had seen the whole complex on foot as no other transport was allowed over there. The guide explained to us each and everything about that place including the lifestyle of people, buildings and construction work of that time, etc. We visited the museum over there too that displayed a huge number of things of the past used by the people of Mohenjo-Daro. I was surprised to see beautiful ornaments and jewelry, pots and utensils, daggers and knives, statues and stupas, photographs and paintings depicting the lifestyle of the people of Mohenjo-Daro years back. Capturing the whole scenario not only in camera but also in our eyes, minds and souls, we returned back to our home after sunset with wonderful memories.
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