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🔹 1. Introduction to Python
• What is Python?
• History and Features of Python
• Applications of Python (Web, Automation, Data Science, etc.)
• Installing Python (Windows/Linux)
• Setting up Python IDE (IDLE, VS Code, PyCharm)
• Running Python scripts: Interactive vs. Script Mode
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🔹 2. Basic Syntax and Output
• Python keywords
• Writing your first program: print("Hello, World!")
• Comments (#, multi-line)
• Indentation and code blocks
• Escape characters (\n, \t, etc.)
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🔹 3. Variables and Data Types
• Variable declaration and assignment
• Data types: int, float, str, bool
• Type casting (int(), str(), etc.)
• Dynamic typing in Python
• Checking types with type()
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🔹 4. Input and Output
• Taking input from user: input()
• Formatting output with print()
• Using format(), f-strings (f"{var}")
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🔹 5. Operators
• Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, //, %, **
• Comparison operators: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
• Logical operators: and, or, not
• Assignment operators: =, +=, -=, etc.
• Membership operators: in, not in
• Identity operators: is, is not
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🔹 6. Conditional Statements
• if, else, elif
• Nested if statements
• Short-hand if and if-else
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🔹 7. Loops and Iteration
• while loop
• for loop
• Looping with range()
• Nested loops
• Using break, continue, pass
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🔹 8. Data Structures – Basic
• Strings
o Indexing, slicing, string methods (upper(), lower(), find(), etc.)
• Lists
o Creating, indexing, slicing, updating, deleting
o List methods (append(), insert(), remove(), sort(), etc.)
• Tuples
o Creating, accessing elements, immutability
• Sets
o Creating sets, set operations (union, intersection)
• Dictionaries
o Key-value pairs, accessing/updating data, dictionary methods
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🔹 9. Functions
• Defining functions with def
• Calling functions
• Arguments and return values
• Default parameters
• *args and **kwargs
• Scope: local vs. global variables
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🔹 10. Exception Handling
• Introduction to errors and exceptions
• try, except, finally
• Raising exceptions with raise
• Handling specific exceptions (e.g., ZeroDivisionError, ValueError)
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🔹 11. Modules and Packages
• Importing standard modules (math, random, datetime, etc.)
• Creating your own modules
• Using pip to install external packages
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🔹 12. File Handling
• Opening and closing files (open(), close())
• Reading and writing text files (read(), write(), readlines())
• Using with open(...) as f: (context manager)
• Working with CSV files (basic intro)
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🔹 13. Intro to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
• What is OOP?
• Creating classes and objects
• __init__() constructor
• Using self
• Basic methods and attributes
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🔹 14. Real-Life Mini Projects (Basics)
• Calculator using functions
• Simple quiz app using input()
• To-do list using lists
• File reader/saver
• Password generator (using random)
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