Microbial Biotechnology is the manipulation of microorganisms at the genetic and molecular level to generate useful products. Microorganisms are beneficial for microbial bioremediation of domestic, agricultural and industrial wastes and subsurface pollution in soils, sediments and marine environments. The ability of each microorganism to degrade toxic waste depends on the natural of each contaminant. The module also provides students to understand the scope of microbiology and biotechnology, microbiological technique in biotechnology, biotechnology in health care, microbiology and manufacture industry, biotechnology in agriculture and future aspect of microbial biotechnology.