Background:  Mobile technology can support HIV care, but studies in youth are limited. In 2014, youth receiving HIV care at several health care facilities in Nairobi, Kenya spontaneously formed peer support groups using the social media platform WhatsApp.

Objective:  Inspired by youth-initiated groups, we aimed to evaluate the use of WhatsApp to deliver a social support intervention to improve HIV treatment and psychosocial outcomes in youth. We developed a facilitated WhatsApp group intervention (named Vijana-SMART), which was grounded in social support theory and guided by the design recommendations of youth living with HIV. This paper evaluates the intervention's acceptability and pre-post changes in health outcomes.


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Methods:  The intervention involved interactive WhatsApp groups facilitated by study staff for 6 months, with each group having approximately 25 members. Study staff sent weekly structured messages, and the message content was based on social support theory and encouraged unstructured peer-to-peer messaging and support. We conducted a single-arm pilot among 55 youth living with HIV aged 14-24 years recruited from a government health care facility serving a mixed-income area of Nairobi. At enrollment and follow-up, self-report questionnaires assessed acceptability; antiretroviral therapy (ART) information, motivation, and behavioral skills (IMB); depression; social support; stigma; resilience; and ART adherence. All participants received the intervention. We used generalized estimating equations (GEEs) clustered by participant to evaluate changes in scores from baseline to follow-up, and correlates of participant WhatsApp messaging.

Conclusions:  Increased IMB scores following WhatsApp group participation may improve HIV outcomes. Increased stigma and decreased resilience were unintended consequences and may reflect transient effects of group sharing of challenging experiences, which should be addressed in larger randomized evaluations. WhatsApp groups present a promising and acceptable modality to deliver supportive interventions to youth living with HIV beyond the clinic, and further evaluation is warranted.

Spanish police arrested three Real Madrid youth players Thursday for allegedly distributing a sexual video featuring a minor, at a time of heightened tension around sexist behaviour in Spanish soccer.

Our focus on young people runs contrary to much of the literature on transnational families and ICTs. This literature has focused on migrant parents, reflecting the fact that power relations within families are unequal, with power usually laying in the hands of the parents. Furthermore, until recently, the cost and accessibility of communication technologies favoured migrant parents relative to their stayer children, giving researchers another reason to focus on the parents. In the past, much communication was done by phone call. Migrant parents have been found to make phone calls weekly and even daily to stayer youth (Dreby, 2006; Haagsman & Mazzucato, 2014; Jordan et al., 2018; Madianou, 2014; Parreas, 2001). Yet this adult-centric perspective has had the consequence of positioning stayer youth as passive actors in transnational family relations. But with the arrival of new media, and WhatsApp in particular, young people can initiate communication and can actively stay connected to their parents, which could result in increased youth agency and hence changing positions of power.

During WhatsApp-mediated communication, migrant parents and stayer youth text or talk about their favourite games and about things happening at home or abroad. Young people make their needs heard, make requests, receive information about remittances, ask or receive advice or receive words of encouragement.

Today in rapidly moving world, we can see change in every moment. Therefore life is getting complicated in every phase but the technology has made life very convenient. It is evolving in the world at very fast pace and affecting people from various ways. And Whatsapp is one of the medium of such technology. Now-a-days it is becoming a popular word among youth, which is currently available in the various electronic items such as I-Phone, Android, windows phone and computer also.

Whatsapp is an amazing application, and with the help of it we can connect ourselves to the society and the whole world. It is an effective medium for the flow of information and ideas. This application is advantageous for us from many ways which occupies a major part of our day-to-day life. However, this app has emerged as an important medium for social networking and sharing of information and ideas, even it has some harmful effect on the life of youth. Hence, it is essential to know how it is affecting the life of youth and the society at large. The present study is an attempt to study the impact of Whatsapp, with reference to youth of Agra, India. This empirical study has been conducted upon 100 respondents and an Interview schedule was used as tool of data collection.

The study will reveal that whatsapp is a medium of making communication easier and faster thereby by enhancing effective flow of information, idea sharing and connecting people easier. Examining it empirically, it is found that whatsapp has also a profound negative impact on youth and adversely affects their education, behavior and routine lives. It messes up much of study time of students and spoils their spelling skills and grammatical construction of sentences. This app has been found to be highly addictive, which leaves a trace that becomes difficult to control. The impact is so powerful that users give up their real world interest their entire emotional quotient is restricted to the app. Their happiness or sadness depends on the reply which they receive from other users. They cannot control themselves from constantly chatting, replying and sharing of ideas.

WhatsApp is free to download messenger app for smartphones. WhatsApp uses the internet to send messages, images, audio or video. The service is very similar to text messaging services, however, because WhatsApp uses the internet to send messages, the cost of using WhatsApp is significantly less than texting. You can also use Whatsapp on your desktop, simply go to the Whatsapp website and download it to Mac or Windows. It is popular with teenagers because of features like group chatting, voice messages and location sharing.

To use WhatsApp you need a compatible smartphone or tablet with a sim card, an internet connection, and a phone number. The app uses your phone number as its username, and your account is locked to the phone, although you can transfer your contacts over to new devices. Whatsapp is free to use in Ireland. However, if abroad, the Whatsapp website states:

Whatsapp now lets its users share their location in real time. This feature allows you to share your exact location with a friend or loved one. This may be useful when you are meeting friends in a crowded area, or you want to let someone know you have arrived at your destination safely.

YouTube and Whatsapp are the most preferred platforms for rural youth while usage of Facebook is dwindling. They were also found to be spending lesser time on playing sports and turning increasingly to digital platforms for entertainment.

He added that one of the most interesting pattern to emerge from the research is a trend towards individualism in Bharat. 64 per cent of the youth value their own personal choices and preferences in how they spend their time over the influence of peers or family, he noted.

While availability of regular electricity supply is not voiced as an issue in Bharat, and individuals have access to multiple electronic devices (phones/tablets/laptops) at home, issues with internet connectivity/bandwidth/download speed restrict the youth from accessing online news, information and entertainment in their leisure time.

Founded in 2007, Youth Engage is a network for young people from the ages of 15 to 35 who are living with, affected by and/or wanting to be involved in the response to HIV in Zimbabwe. Now in its tenth year of existence, this youth-focused organization continues to grow and to gain momentum as a key advocate for young people in the country.

Join Youth Opportunities Hub WhatsApp Channel if you are a Youth seeking Opportunities in South AfricaCLICK HERE TO JOIN: Youth Opportunities Hub WhatsApp ChannelAbout Youth Opportunities HubYouth Opportunities Hub (YOH) is a Youth Organization with a mission to impact a lot of people to attain greater heights, making great Opportunities available and accessible to them. Various opportunities such as Jobs, Scholarships, Fellowships, International Jobs, Online Courses, Grants just to name a few, are published on a daily basis. Youth Opportunities Hub draws its membership from over 100 countries worldwide. However, its main focus is on South African youths.

Conclusion: It has become an undeniable fact that the political future of Nigeria rests on the shoulders of the youths, it only when the young population participate in the political and election activities that Nigeria can truly experience true democracy.

Key recommendation: The study therefore recommended, among others, that all political actors and stakeholders should take advantage of the new technologies to improve and encourage youth participation.

WhatsApp usage in India is being driven largely by the youth, the data show. Almost half of the respondents aged between 18 to 25 years said that they used WhatsApp daily. The figure was much lower among older citizens. For instance, less than one-tenth, or 7%, of respondents aged 56 or above said they were active users.

"I'm not prophesying to be some objective observer. What I am prophesying to be, is something that is youth owned, youth built, youth run. I have my own views. I'm pro land reform, I'm deeply opposed to racism and gender discrimination. I'm going to be putting all this on the table. In a country with youth unemployment at record levels in the world. I am very keen to expose the economic inequalities. To do so in a way that is aesthetically appealing to the youth market." 006ab0faaa

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