Download White Noise By A Reece

Objective: Can causal relationships be established between negative affect (NA) and headaches, and noise (N) and headaches? Do NA and N interact to cause headaches? Do NA and N cause headaches by means of the same or different physiological mechanisms? Are the answers to these questions a function of diagnostic status?

Methods: The S challenge consisted of difficult-to-solve anagrams accompanied by failure feedback. The N challenge consisted of 50 dB of white N. Laboratory sessions were divided into adaptation, baseline, challenge, and recovery phases. Responses were measured in terms of headache intensity ratings, forehead electromyographic activity, heart rate, blood pressure, and temporal pulse amplitude (TPA).

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The ErgoPouch costs more than the Dreamegg above, but I think you'd be happy with either, whether you need portability or not. I particularly loved how pretty this one is; its neutral aesthetic reminds me of a pebble at a spa without going full beige. There are seven sound options ranging from colored noise to rain and shushing. A charge should last you a few nights, but I wish there was a timer option to conserve battery. The back has a light with three levels of brightness. I liked to carry this around my house pretending I was holding a candle in an old movie. It's just very cute.

If you have an Amazon Alexa speaker, you can enable an Alexa skill called Ambient Noise to select sounds ranging from a whale to a dishwasher or washing machine. There are other Alexa sleep sounds too. Alexa may even suggest some if you ask for white noise or sleep sounds. You can also search for white-noise playlists on Spotify or other music services, like Prime Music.

You might not need to buy anything at all if you have a Bluetooth speaker lying around. I used to blast Good Charlotte from a Walkman under my pillow to fall asleep as an angsty preteen. Eventually, I graduated to an app that lulled me to sleep via the sound of a clothes dryer tumbling. There are tons of noises to help you relax, but if you need some inspiration, we compiled our favorite apps and Spotify playlists here. A Bluetooth speaker will step it up a notch.

Dreamegg D1 for $36: This one plays a lot of the same sounds as the D11 portable machine, with a handful more fans and a spectrum of noises. The control panel is matte and soft to the touch, and you can set it to play continuously or for 30, 60, or 90 minutes. I tried the white version, but you can get a few other nice colors on the Dreamegg site. The rim also lights up.

Given that noise and its influence on neural processing is not limited to sensory signals but rather permeates every level of the nervous system (Faisal et al., 2008), stochastic facilitation should likewise be relevant for the implementation of higher cognitive functions. Indeed, computational modeling and cellular recordings of hippocampal sub-regions demonstrated the exploitation of noise in signal detection in hippocampal networks, indicating broad implications for memory formation and retrieval (Stacey and Durand, 2000; Yoshida et al., 2002).

Interestingly, experimental studies could also provide evidence for a modulation of higher cognitive functions through stimulation with external noise sources. For instance, noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation presented during recall of visual features of faces enhanced recall for these features (Wilkinson et al., 2008) and transcranial random noise stimulation over the motor cortex facilitated implicit motor learning (Terney et al., 2008). Acoustic noise has been shown to reduce errors in a delayed response task compared to music presentation and silence in monkeys (Carlson et al., 1997) and to affect the speed of arithmetical calculations in humans in an inverted-U shaped manner depending on loudness with reaction times (RTs) being shortest at an intermediate level of 77 dB (Usher and Feingold, 2000).

Differential effects of acoustic white noise on cognitive functions have been demonstrated for ADHD patients, children with severe attentional problems, and in a rat model of ADHD compared to controls, thereby hinting toward a mediating role of dopaminergic neuromodulation (Sderlund et al., 2007, 2010; Plsson et al., 2011). In line with this notion, in a sample of healthy humans, white noise presented during encoding of scene images decreased sustained BOLD activity in the auditory cortex and substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA) of the midbrain, and at the same time enhanced event-related effects of scene presentation in the same areas compared to a pure tone or no additional sound (Rausch et al., 2013). Recognition memory, however, was improved only slightly and inconsistently by white noise presentation (Rausch et al., 2013).

For the encoding phase, mean RTs and hit rates were entered into two-way repeated measures ANOVAs with sound condition (pure tone, white noise, no sound) and reward (low, high) as within-subject factors.

For the recognition phase, corrected hit rates (CR and CF) were entered into three-way repeated measures ANOVAs with memory process (recollection, familiarity), sound condition (pure tone, white noise, no sound) and reward (low, high) as within-subject factors.

What argues against a relationship between dopamine and the detrimental effects of white noise in our working memory paradigm is the absence of a correlation with the dopamine mediated personality traits novelty seeking, exploratory excitability, and reward dependence. Therefore, these accounts remain speculative and need further empirical support. An alternative view is that our results are driven by changes in neurotransmitters other than dopamine (e.g., GABA or norepinephrine; see above) or unintended differences between sound conditions. Specifically, white noise has a more abrupt onset than a pure tone with a sinusoidal waveform, resulting in higher startle quality (Combs and Polich, 2006). This, in turn, might lead to a stronger disruption of ongoing encoding or maintenance processes when sound is turned on and off within a trial (as was the case in Experiments 1 and 2) as compared to a condition when it is presented continuously (as was the case in Experiment 3).

White noise accelerated indoor/outdoor judgments during encoding as compared to silence, but did not affect subsequent recognition memory. This finding concurs with beneficial effects of noise on visual perception (Simonotto et al., 1997; Aihara et al., 2008; Schwarzkopf et al., 2011) and crossmodal stochastic resonance (Manjarrez et al., 2007; Lugo et al., 2008; Gleiss and Kayser, 2014). The current study extends these previous findings from low level signal detection to higher level visual category processing, which depends on lower and higher level visual and association areas along and in proximity to the ventral visual stream (Walther et al., 2009). As has been argued for sensory detection thresholds (Moss et al., 2004), externally applied white noise might boost sensory evidence for visual features toward a threshold for complex category decisions. Such a process could, however, be accomplished at every stage of visual processing, since higher level category processing strongly incorporates low level visual feature extraction (Renninger and Malik, 2004). Therefore, we cannot resolve whether an acceleration of indoor/outdoor judgments by white noise is due to a modulation of early visual processing exclusively or indicates that white noise also acts on category processing in higher visual areas directly.

Participants responded marginally faster during auditory stimulation (for both white noise and pure tone) compared to silence on valid but not invalid trials, resulting in a stronger validity effect. This indicates enhanced processing at the cued location with no costs at the un-cued location. This pattern is inconsistent with faster basic sensorimotor processing (which should accelerate valid and invalid target detection) and a selective effect on orienting of attention (which should produce costs at the un-cued location). Instead, it might emerge if sound enhances two independent processes: one responsible for orienting toward the cued location and the other one responsible for reorienting in trials where no target appeared at that location, thereby counteracting costs at the un-cued location. This would be consistent with assumptions about two independent attention systems guided by dorsal and ventral parietal cortex responsible for orienting and reorienting, respectively (Fox et al., 2006; Corbetta et al., 2008; Vossel et al., 2012). Given the necessary difference in the number of trials in the valid and invalid condition, it is, however, also possible, that effects in invalid trials simply remained undiscovered due to higher error variance in the evaluation of within subject mean RT.

2002. 'P-L-A-N-O-E,' spells Jason Reece of . . . And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead, the hippest band to come out of Austin since Scratch Acid in the mid-'80s.

With the band's major label debut Source Tags and Codes to be released Tuesday (2/26/02) by Interscope, the members have been doing wall-to-wall phone interviews. At this particular moment, Reece is on the phone with an Australian journalist who he wants to make sure doesn't confuse the band's birthplace with the sprawling Dallas suburb of Plano. "It was a real small town, with just a corner grocery store. There was nothing to do, so we all started singing in the church choir," Reece continues. "Our parents encouraged us to pursue music because they thought it would keep us away from drugs." Then there's that loony, maniacal laugh. He goes on about how the quartet drifted apart after high school, but then hooked up again in Austin, where bassist Neil Busch was attending the University of Texas.

You keep waiting for Reece to own up to his fabrication, but he never does. Coming soon: an article in an Australian paper about how the infamous stage-trashers and white noise pirates used to be choirboys. Journalists have fallen for the tale -- fleshed out in the band's bio and verified by their publicist -- as they did 12 years ago when a kid from the Dallas suburbs named Robbie Van Winkle posed as a street tough from Miami nicknamed Vanilla Ice.

"It's fun to lie," Reece says.

So how do you know when The Guys In the Band With the Impossibly Long Name are telling the truth about their past? You meet them in 1996, before anyone outside of King Coffey has ever heard of them. You interview them before they become overnight sensations in the UK by blowing their musical models Sonic Youth off the stage at the All Tomorrow's Parties festival in April 2000. You find out that Reece and Conrad Keely, who swap duties as drummer and guitarist-vocalist after almost every song are, like you, from Hawaii. So when you run into each other, you reminisce.

Don't mess with me, Trail of Dead; I know your story.

The year is 1988, and a 16-year-old punk rocker with spiky blue hair named Jason Reece walks up to a perfect stranger on the first day of school and asks "Is your name Conrad?" Reece had just moved to Oahu from the Big Island of Hawaii, where one of his friends had been telling him about this weird and fascinating half-Thai, half-Irish fellow named Conrad Keely who went to the high school (Kalaheo) Reece was transferring to.

"How did you know?" a startled Keely asked. Reece mentioned their mutual friend, who had given a pretty good description of Conrad -- but really, he was easy to pick out; there are awfully few weird and fascinating people attending high school in Hawaii, where standing out will get your ass kicked. Though the instant friends would not play together until moving to Austin in 1994, the trail of the band started when destiny's children met that first day of junior year. 2351a5e196