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The HEX-NET WiFi/USB Interface communicates with VCDS by wireless WiFi or by wired USB, turning a Windows PC into a factory level diagnostic tool for VW, Audi, Seat or Skoda automobiles. Also, at no additional cost, embedded in the HEX-NET is our new VCDS-Mobile software which enables most smart devices with WiFi and a web browser to perform VCDS like diagnostics on non-PC devices. The number of vehicles is managed by VIN (Vehicle Identification Number).VCDS-Mobile is a "Beta" product.

The HEX-NET Pro WiFi Interface communicates with VCDS by wireless WiFi or by wired USB, turning a Windows PC into a factory level diagnostic tool for VW, Audi, Seat or Skoda automobiles. Also, at no additional cost, embedded in the HEX-NET is our new VCDS-Mobile software which enables most smart devices with WiFi and a web browser to perform VCDS like diagnostics on non-PC devices.

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Sarnia, Ontario, experiences pollutant emissions disproportionate to its relatively small size. The small size of the city limits traditional top-down emission estimate techniques (e.g., satellite) but a low-cost solution for emission monitoring is the mobile MAX-DOAS (Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy). Measurements were made using this technique from 21 March 2017 to 23 March 2017 along various driving routes to retrieve vertical column densities (VCDs) of NO2 and SO2 and to estimate emissions of NOx and SO2 from the Sarnia region. A novel aspect of the current study was the installation of a NOx analyzer in the vehicle to allow real time measurement and characterization of near-surface NOx/NO2 ratios across the urban plumes, allowing improved accuracy of NOx emission estimates. Confidence in the use of near-surface-measured NOx/NO2 ratios for estimation of NOx emissions was increased by relatively well-mixed boundary layer conditions. These conditions were indicated by similar temporal trends in NO2 VCDs and mixing ratios when measurements were sufficiently distant from the sources. Leighton ratios within transported plumes indicated peroxy radicals were likely disturbing the NO-NO2-O3 photostationary state through VOC (volatile organic compound) oxidation. The average lower-limit emission estimate of NOx from Sarnia was 1.600.34 t h-1 using local 10 m elevation wind-speed measurements. Our estimates were larger than the downscaled annual 2017 NPRI-reported (National Pollution Release Inventory) industrial emissions of 0.9 t NOx h-1. Our lower-limit estimate of SO2 emissions from Sarnia was 1.810.83 t SO2 h-1, equal within uncertainty to the 2017 NPRI downscaled value of 1.85 t SO2 h-1. Satellite-derived NO2 VCDs over Sarnia from the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) were lower than mobile MAX-DOAS VCDs, likely due to the large pixel size relative to the city's size. The results of this study support the utility of the mobile MAX-DOAS method for estimating NOx and SO2 emissions in relatively small, highly industrialized regions, especially when supplemented with mobile NOx measurements.

We describe the University of Colorado mobile Solar Occultation Flux instrument (CU mobile SOF). The instrument consists of a digital mobile solar tracker that is coupled to a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) of 0.5 cm (-1) resolution and a UV-visible spectrometer (UV-vis) of 0.55 nm resoluti... Show moreWe describe the University of Colorado mobile Solar Occultation Flux instrument (CU mobile SOF). The instrument consists of a digital mobile solar tracker that is coupled to a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) of 0.5 cm (-1) resolution and a UV-visible spectrometer (UV-vis) of 0.55 nm resolution. The instrument is used to simultaneously measure the absorption of ammonia (NH3 /, ethane (C2H6 /and nitrogen dioxide (NO2 /along the direct solar beam from a moving laboratory. These direct-sun observations provide high photon flux and enable measurements of vertical column densities (VCDs) with geometric air mass factors, high temporal resolution of 2 s and spatial resolution of 5-19 m. It is shown that the instrument line shape (ILS) of the FTS is independent of the azimuth and elevation angle pointing of the solar tracker. Further, collocated measurements next to a high-resolution FTS at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (HR-NCAR-FTS) show that the CU mobile SOF measurements of NH3 and C2H6 are precise and accurate; the VCD error at high signal to noise ratio is 2-7 %. During the Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Experiment (FRAPPE) from 21 July to 3 September 2014 in Colorado, the CU mobile SOF instrument measured median (minimum, maxi-mum) VCDs of 4.3 (0.5, 45) x 10(16) molecules cm (-2) NH3, 0.30 (0.06, 2.23) x 10(16) molecules cm (-2) NO2 and 3.5 (1.5, 7.7) x 10(16) molecules cm (-2) C2H6. All gases were detected in larger 95% of the spectra recorded in urban, semi-polluted rural and remote rural areas of the Colorado Front Range. We calculate structure functions based on VCDs, which describe the variability of a gas column over distance, and find the largest variability for NH3. The structure functions suggest that currently available satellites resolve about 10% of the observed NH3 and NO2 VCD variability in the study area. We further quantify the trace gas emission fluxes of NH3 and C2H6 and production rates of NO2 from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO) using the mass balance method, i. e., the closed-loop vector integral of the VCD times wind speed along the drive track. Excellent reproducibility is found for NH3 fluxes and also, to a lesser extent, NO2 production rates on 2 consecutive days; for C2H6 the fluxes are affected by variable upwind conditions. Average emission factors were 12.0 and 11.4 gNH3 h (-1) head (-1) at 30 degrees C for feedlots with a combined capacity for similar to 54 000 cattle and a dairy farm of similar to 7400 cattle; the pooled rate of 11.8 +/- 2.0 gNH(3) h (-1) head (-1) is compatible with the upper range of literature values. At this emission rate the NH3 source from cattle in Weld County, CO ( 535 766 cattle), could be underestimated by a factor of 2-10. CAFO soils are found to be a significant source of NOx .The NOx source accounts for similar to 1.2% of the N flux in NH3 and has the potential to add similar to 10% to the overall NO x emissions in Weld County and double the NO x source in remote areas. This potential of CAFO to influence ambient NOx concentrations on the regional scale is relevant because O-3 formation is NOx sensitive in the Colorado Front Range. Show less

Multi-AXis (MAX)-Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) measurements use spectra of scattered sun light recorded under different elevation angles. Such measurements allow the retrievals of tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) and aerosol optical depths (AODs) as well as vertical profiles of atmospheric trace gases and aerosols for the lower troposphere. Further, this kind of measurement enables the simultaneous observation of multiple trace gases, e.g. formaldehyde (HCHO), glyoxal (CHOCHO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), with one measurement setup. Together with international partners, we run several long-term MAX-DOAS measurements at different places around the globe and conducted intensive measurement campaigns at various locations. These campaign data sets include both stationary and mobile (car and ship MAX-DOAS) measurements. For our measurements self-built so-called Tube MAX-DOAS instruments were used which cover a wavelength range of approximately 302 to 465 nm with a FWHM of around 0.65 nm. e24fc04721