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Gwenn Boardman Petersen uses Snow Country as an example of how Kawabata often composed his works. While writing that Japanese novelists often publish "their works in serial form and under various titles" she observes Kawabata is "further noted for his habit of rewriting, adding segments, and making changes in titles and content alike."[3] The first segment, titled Yugeshiki no Kagami ("Mirror of the Evening Scene") appeared in Bungeishunj January 1935. Kawabata later wrote that he could not finish his manuscript by the submission deadline of this literary journal, and decided to keep writing and submit a second version of this segment, titled Shiroi Asa no Kagami ("Mirror of a White Morning") to the general-interest magazine Kaiz several days later.

Kawabata restarted work on the novel after a three-year break, again adding new chapters and again publishing in two separate journals, in 1940 and 1941. He re-wrote the last two sections, merging them into a single piece, published in a journal in 1946. Another additional piece arrived in 1947. Finally, in 1948, the novel reached its final form, an integration of nine separately published works.

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Kawabata again returned to Snow Country near the end of his life. A few months before his death in 1972, he wrote an abbreviated version of the work, which he titled "Gleanings from Snow Country", that shortened the novel to a few spare pages, a length that placed it among his Palm-of-the-Hand Stories, a form to which Kawabata devoted particular attention for more than 50 years. An English translation of "Gleanings from Snow Country" was published in 1988 by J. Martin Holman, in the collection Palm-of-the-Hand Stories.[5]

Snow Country is a stark tale of a love affair between a Tokyo dilettante and a provincial geisha that takes place in the remote hot spring (onsen) town of Yuzawa.[1] (Kawabata did not mention the name of the town in his novel.)

The novel opens with the protagonist of the novel, Shimamura, riding a train to a remote onsen town. Shimamura is a rich, married man, who inherited his wealth, and a self-professed ballet expert. During the train ride, he observes a young woman (who is later revealed as Yoko) caring for a sickly man (named Yukio). He observes the woman through a reflection in the train window, and is particularly enthralled by her eyes, as well as the sound of her voice.

The climax of the novel happens during one of Komako's visits to Shimamura's room at the onsen inn. During their conversation, Shimamura calls her a "good woman", instead of a "good girl". This change of wording used to describe Komako reveals that the two of them could never be together, while Komako's hopes of a better and happier life with Shimamura remains just a delusion.[7]

At the very end of the novel, a fire occurs in the town warehouse, which was at the time being used as a cinema. Shimamura and Komako come to observe the fire, and see Yoko falling lifelessly from the warehouse balcony. Komako carries Yoko's body away from the burning warehouse, while Shimamura slinks back, observing the night sky.

Snow Country was written during a period of japanese militarism, and a number of modern inventions can be seen in the novel, which include a train, a snowplow, and an electric avalanche warning system. Kawabata saw no conflict between the modern and the traditional, but saw modern inventions as part of the traditional Japan. This can be seen in the train scene, at the very beginning of the novel, during which the protagonist observes the beautiful eyes of the female passenger. The electric light of the train thus facilitates traditional esthetic expression. Various modern inventions are treated as a normal part of life in the rustic onsen town.[8]

This novel, like others Kawabata wrote, vividly depicts the psychic cost of aesthetic appreciation, as well as its effect on minds susceptible to beauty. The protagonist of the novel is often taken out of the real world and into the dream world of his own mind after witnessing beauty. Furthermore, this beauty makes the oblivious to the world around them: e.g. after observing Yoko's eyes in the train, or seeing the Milky Way during the fire at the end of the novel. This beauty often leads to Shimamura acting cold or cruel, as when he calls Komako a "good woman" after observing her in the moonlight.[9]

It can also be noted that all depictions of beauty in the novel include an element of sadness: loneliness in the beauty of nature, sadness in Yoko's beautiful voice, wasted beauty of Komako, as well as the wasted effort in an act of love.[10]

Edward Seidensticker, noted scholar of Japanese literature whose English translation of the novel was published in 1956, described the work as "perhaps Kawabata's masterpiece." According to him, the novel reminds one of haiku, both for its many delicate contrapuntal touches and its use of brief scenes to tell a larger story.

Snow Country received favorable reviews both at time of its publishing, and over the following years. The Times stated: "He has fashioned an idyll out of unpromising material," while Eileen Fraser of the Times Literary Supplement said of "Mr. Kawabata's beautifully economical novel," "This is a finely written book, excellently translated." Jason Cowley has called Snow Country "...perhaps his finest work."[11]

Nah, itulah review buku karya Ilana Tan dengan karyanya yaitu Winter in Tokyo Grameds. Seperti yang dapat dilihat dari kelebihan dan juga kekurangan pada buku novel Winter in Tokyo mengenai kehidupan Ishida Keiko dan tetangga barunya Nishimura Kazuto yang memutuskan untuk kembali Jepang setelah tinggal selama bertahun-tahun di Amerika dengan alasan utamanya untuk melupakan perempuan yang dicintainya yaitu Yuri namun memilih untuk menikahi sahabatnya, serta kisah cinta pertama Ishida Keiko.

This book is an absolute must-read for mystery lovers this winter. It also aptly exploring the dark underground of discrimination against minority groups in Japanese society, including buraku communities, Korean living in Japan and those with disabilities. Though the gang seem to be the bad guys, when you consider their original motive of the criminal group as a revenge to the injustice of society, you may start to wonder who is the true antagonist of this world.

Unties, Sony Music's game publishing branch, have confirmed a console release for Tokyo Dark: Remembrance for winter 2018. The Switch version of the game will contain additional endings and other enhancements.

In 1968, Yukiguni (in English Snow Country) became the first Japanese novel to win a Nobel Prize for literature. Snow Country also means Niigata and other prefectures in northern Japan, where snow can swallow houses and, before modern snowplows, separated communities for months. Not too long ago, residents depended on handmade wooden and bamboo snowshoes, sleds, and skis for transportation.

Shimamura visits Yuzawa three times in the novel. Komako and Shimamura walked, hiked, and drove to various parts of Yuzawa Town. I had hoped to see shrines, bamboo fields, graveyards, and other locations where the story had brought the lovers. But, powdery snow close to the height of a one-story house covered some spots and trails.

Luckily, I could visit Takahan, a 900-year-old Japanese-style hotel built around a natural hot spring. Yasunari Kawabata wrote much of his novel while staying in that Japanese inn. Many events in the story also occurred there. And numerous scenes in the movie version were filmed in and around the hotel.

Every winter, people die after slipping off roofs while attempting snow removal. Others die after they are buried by snow falling off their homes. Niigata prefecture often leads the nation in these fatal accidents. For Yuzawa residents, removing snow from homes or around their homes is a daily chore in winter. A cubic meter can weigh between 110 and 440 pounds, depending on how packed or wet snow is at the time.

The Sherpa International Snow School, based inside the Naeba Prince Hotel, offers snowshoe tours to quiet areas. Native speakers of various languages guide snowshoers and teach a wide range of winter sports.

Dogen, whose poem about the clear, cold snow I have quoted, and Myoe, who wrote of the winter moon as his companion, were of generally the Shinkokinshu period. Myoe exchanged poems with Saigyo and the two discussed poetry together. The following is from the biography of Myoe by his disciple Kikai:

The neighbourhood surrounding Toranomon Hills is getting light art installations for a limited time this winter. This event is held in partnership with the Light Art Collection, an outfit known for operating the annual Light Festival in Amsterdam.

This winter, the 1.5km-long street right outside the east exit of JR Yokohama Station turns into a sparkling wonderland. This illumination display uses 350,000 LEDs to bathe the area in warm blue and white light from 4pm to 11pm every day. The trees all get a lot more festive and the Hamamirai Walk pedestrian bridge becomes a beautifully lit walkway. This year, the lights will be powered by sustainable energy such as solar and wind power.

Yokohama has some spectacular light displays this winter and one of the standouts is the immersive Yorunoyo illumination. Forty facilities in the waterfront area are working together to put on a five-minute synchronised light show with music. The spectacle comes on every thirty minutes from 5.30pm to 9pm daily. You can catch it around the waterfront area at Shinko Central Square, Osanbashi Yokohama International Passenger Terminal and Yamashita Park.

This Daikanyama shopping complex is turning into a winter wonderland from November 17 to January 14. Its most striking feature are the 3.5 metre-tall igloo-like aurora domes, which are filled with twinkling white Christmas trees. The walkways in and around the mall are also decked out with the same trees along with decorative spheres illuminated to look like snowballs. Lights come on everyday from 4pm until 10pm. 2351a5e196