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ReVuln, a commercial vulnerability research firm, published a paper in October 2012 that said the Steam browser protocol was posing a security risk by enabling malicious exploits through a simple user click on a maliciously crafted steam:// URL in a browser.[134][135][136] This was the second serious vulnerability of gaming-related software following a problem with Ubisoft's Uplay.[137] German IT platform Heise online recommended strict separation of gaming and sensitive data, for example using a PC dedicated to gaming, gaming from a second Windows installation, or using a computer account with limited rights dedicated to gaming.[136]

The Steam Railroading Institute is dedicated to educating the public about steam era railroading in Michigan and the Great Lakes Region. This includes the preservation of the skills and technology for maintaining steam locomotives by operating steam era equipment and providing the experience of steam locomotives in actual operation.

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The Steam Railroading Institute is dedicated to educating the public about steam-era railroading. The Institute is the home of the largest steam locomotive ever used in Michigan, Pere Marquette 1225. Now the Institute is starting on the restoration of its second locomotive, Chicago and North Western 175. The Institute will return this more than a century-year-old locomotive, and you will be able to ride behind it on excursion trains around Michigan.

Of all the methods available for sterilization, moist heat in the form of saturated steam under pressure is the most widely used and the most dependable. Steam sterilization is nontoxic, inexpensive 826, rapidly microbicidal, sporicidal, and rapidly heats and penetrates fabrics (Table 6) 827. Like all sterilization processes, steam sterilization has some deleterious effects on some materials, including corrosion and combustion of lubricants associated with dental handpieces212; reduction in ability to transmit light associated with laryngoscopes828; and increased hardening time (5.6 fold) with plaster-cast 829.

Another design in steam sterilization is a steam flush-pressure pulsing process, which removes air rapidly by repeatedly alternating a steam flush and a pressure pulse above atmospheric pressure. Air is rapidly removed from the load as with the prevacuum sterilizer, but air leaks do not affect this process because the steam in the sterilizing chamber is always above atmospheric pressure. Typical sterilization temperatures and times are 132C to 135C with 3 to 4 minutes exposure time for porous loads and instruments.827, 837

Like other sterilization systems, the steam cycle is monitored by mechanical, chemical, and biological monitors. Steam sterilizers usually are monitored using a printout (or graphically) by measuring temperature, the time at the temperature, and pressure. Typically, chemical indicators are affixed to the outside and incorporated into the pack to monitor the temperature or time and temperature. The effectiveness of steam sterilization is monitored with a biological indicator containing spores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus (formerly Bacillus stearothermophilus). Positive spore test results are a relatively rare event 838 and can be attributed to operator error, inadequate steam delivery,839 or equipment malfunction.

Portable (table-top) steam sterilizers are used in outpatient, dental, and rural clinics.840 These sterilizers are designed for small instruments, such as hypodermic syringes and needles and dental instruments. The ability of the sterilizer to reach physical parameters necessary to achieve sterilization should be monitored by mechanical, chemical, and biological indicators.

The oldest and most recognized agent for inactivation of microorganisms is heat. D-values (time to reduce the surviving population by 90% or 1 log10) allow a direct comparison of the heat resistance of microorganisms. Because a D-value can be determined at various temperatures, a subscript is used to designate the exposure temperature (i.e., D121C). D121C-values for Geobacillus stearothermophilus used to monitor the steam sterilization process range from 1 to 2 minutes. Heat-resistant nonspore-forming bacteria, yeasts, and fungi have such low D121C values that they cannot be experimentally measured.841

Steam sterilization should be used whenever possible on all critical and semicritical items that are heat and moisture resistant (e.g., steam sterilizable respiratory therapy and anesthesia equipment), even when not essential to prevent pathogen transmission. Steam sterilizers also are used in healthcare facilities to decontaminate microbiological waste and sharps containers 831, 832, 842 but additional exposure time is required in the gravity displacement sterilizer for these items.

Subsequently, in what is called the "water-gas shift reaction," the carbon monoxide and steam are reacted using a catalyst to produce carbon dioxide and more hydrogen. In a final process step called "pressure-swing adsorption," carbon dioxide and other impurities are removed from the gas stream, leaving essentially pure hydrogen. Steam reforming can also be used to produce hydrogen from other fuels, such as ethanol, propane, or even gasoline.

Every steam generator shall be equipped with at least two safety valves that have a combined capacity to prevent an accumulation of pressure of more than five pounds per square inch above the allowed working pressure. The safety valves shall be independently connected to the separator and located as closely to the separator as possible without discharging inside of the generator compartment. The ends of the safety valve discharge lines shall be located or protected so that discharged steam does not create a hazard.

Whenever any steam generator has been shut down because of defects, a distinctive warning notice giving reasons for the shut-down shall be conspicuously attached near the steam generator starting controls until the necessary repairs have been made. The locomotive in which the steam generator displaying a warning notice is located may continue in service until the next periodic inspection.

This paper studies the influence of the support on the behavior of bimetallic CoIr-based catalysts (6.5 wt.% Co, 0.4 wt.% Ir) for hydrogen production from the oxidative steam reforming of bio-butanol raw mixture (butanol/acetone/ethanol = 6/3/1 mass ratio). Catalytic tests were carried out at 500 C for 60 h with raw mixture/water/air/Ar = 1/10/7.5/12 molar ratio and GHSV = 7500 h(-1). Over CoIr/18CeZrO(2) and CoIr/ZnO the main process which took place was the oxidative steam reforming of the raw mixture. CoIr/18CeZrO(2) showed the better catalytic performance. Characterization of the used catalysts indicated that both active metal sintering and coke formation was prevented on the CoIr/18CeZrO(2) catalyst.

ENGIE North America, the utility provider for the university, is implementing a project to install new steam and condensate lines to the English-Philosophy Building. The contractor is working on installing the steam and condensate piping from the west side of Adler Journalism Bldg, under the railroad tracks, and across the dock, which requires the dock and a section of Lot 3 (at the northeast corner) to be closed.

Steam headers, supply lines, drip lines, and pressure reducing stations are key components of the steam distribution system. Steam traps are essential elements that remove condensate and air, thereby optimizing steam distribution and reducing energy costs. Regulators ensure that steam is delivered to various processes at the desired pressures.

Condensate and heat recovery improve the efficiency of a steam system. If the system is equipped with a condensate recovery system, condensate is collected in a vessel and then transferred to the boiler for reuse. Similarly, flash tanks recover flash steam from condensate lines, which can be used for low pressure steam equipment.

This event is free and open to the public. Sponsors include HCC, HCC Alumni Association, Washington County Free Library, Beacon House, WCPS, and JLG, Inc. For more information, visit www.hagerstowncc.edu/steam. e24fc04721