Disclosing this on Wednesday via its Twitter account, @NOA_Nigeria, the agency described the second stanza as an antidote to the age-long rivalry of religious way of praying at events in Nigeria since it does not pander to any religious inclination.

Finally, someone found use for the second stanza of the National Anthem. Somebody shout halleluiah! I was quite impressed last week when, while attending the award presentation ceremony for winners of the National Youth Essay Contest organised by the National Orientation Agency, I found that the agency had adopted the second stanza of the National Anthem as some kind of official uniform national prayer for Nigeria.


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I have always wondered what the second stanza was about, what purpose it served. Indeed, I questioned the need for one, especially since it was rarely sung by anyone. In a country where national identities enjoy little relevance in the minds of the citizens and where not too many educated citizens can recite the otherwise popular first stanza without errors, it seemed a waste of time to have a second stanza that is almost of no significance to the people.

It is therefore a welcome development to have the National Orientation Agency championing a move away from this era of official religious irresponsibility. It is interesting to note that while the agency was not scrapping prayers as a whole (which many would have raised arguments against), they were replacing the Christian vs. Muslim prayer roll call with a National prayer drawn from the second stanza of our National anthem which is owned by all, both Christians and Muslims.

Besides finding some use for the long ignored, presumed irrelevant and unappreciated second stanza of the anthem, the agency, through this initiative, is finally doing something symbolic to blot out differences from our national consciousness. I think this is commendable and we all should support this.

Overall, the Nigerian national anthem is about how important it is to serve the country, work together for a common goal, and ask a higher power for help. It also shows how the Nigerian people, who want peace, justice, and unity, live their lives.

The committee put the pieces of the Nigeria national anthem lyrics from these five composers together to make one piece. On May 10, 1978, The delegates gave the new piece to Benedict Elide Odiase, who was in charge of music for the Nigerian Police Force.

The second stanza is usually recited in solemn events like church or mosque. The second stanza was chosen as the official national prayer by the Federal Executive Council in 2012. It was meant to replace the Christian and Muslim prayers that Nigerians often said separately at official events and gatherings.

After the national anthem, people often say the pledge with one hand raised or on the left side of their chest. Professor Felicia Adebola Adedoyin wrote the book in 1976. Even though the pledge is only a few words long, it is compelling. Here are the words:

A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation.[2] The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and European nations tend towards more ornate and operatic pieces, while those in the Middle East, Oceania, Africa, and the Caribbean use a more simplistic fanfare.[3][failed verification] Some countries that are devolved into multiple constituent states have their own official musical compositions for them (such as with the United Kingdom, Russia, and the former Soviet Union); their constituencies' songs are sometimes referred to as national anthems even though they are not sovereign states.

In the early modern period, some European monarchies adopted royal anthems. Some of these anthems have survived into current use. "God Save the King/Queen", first performed in 1619, remains the royal anthem of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth realms. La Marcha Real, adopted as the royal anthem of the Spanish monarchy in 1770, was adopted as the national anthem of Spain in 1939. Denmark retains its royal anthem, Kong Christian stod ved hjen mast (1780) alongside its national anthem (Der er et yndigt land, adopted 1835). In 1802, Gia Long commissioned a royal anthem in the European fashion for the Kingdom of Vietnam.

Following the reinstating of La Marseillaise in 1830, in the wake of the July Revolution, as the national anthem of France, it became common for newly formed nations to define national anthems, notably as a result of the Latin American wars of independence, for Argentina (1813), Peru (1821), Brazil (1831) but also Belgium (1830). Consequently adoption of national anthems prior to the 1930s was mostly by newly formed or newly independent states, such as the First Portuguese Republic (A Portuguesa, 1911), the Kingdom of Greece ("Hymn to Liberty", 1865), the First Philippine Republic (Marcha Nacional Filipina, 1898), Lithuania (Tautika giesm, 1919), Weimar Germany (Deutschlandlied, 1922), Republic of Ireland (Amhrn na bhFiann, 1926) and Greater Lebanon ("Lebanese National Anthem", 1927). Though the custom of an officially adopted national anthem became popular in the 19th century, some national anthems predate this period, often existing as patriotic songs long before their designation as national anthem.

The Olympic Charter of 1920 introduced the ritual of playing the national anthems of the gold medal winners. From this time, the playing of national anthems became increasingly popular at international sporting events, creating an incentive for such nations that did not yet have an officially defined national anthem to introduce one.[a]

The United States introduced the patriotic song The Star-Spangled Banner as a national anthem in 1931. Following this, several nations moved to adopt as official national anthem patriotic songs that had already been in de facto use at official functions, such as Mexico (Mexicanos, al grito de guerra, composed 1854, adopted 1943) and Switzerland ("Swiss Psalm", composed 1841, de facto use from 1961, adopted 1981).

By the period of decolonisation in the 1960s, it had become common practice for newly independent nations to adopt an official national anthem. Some of these anthems were specifically commissioned, such as the anthem of Kenya, Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu, produced by a dedicated "Kenyan Anthem Commission" in 1963.[7]

A number of nations remain without an official national anthem adopted de iure. In these cases, there are established de facto anthems played at sporting events or diplomatic receptions. These include the United Kingdom (God Save the King) and Sweden (Du gamla, Du fria; the country also has a royal anthem, Kungssangen). Countries that have moved to officially adopt de iure their long-standing de facto anthems since the 1990s include: Luxembourg (Ons Heemecht, adopted 1993), South Africa (National anthem of South Africa, adopted 1997), Israel (Hatikvah, composed 1888, de facto use from 1948, adopted 2004) and Italy (Il Canto degli Italiani, composed 1847, de facto use from 1946, adopted 2017).

They are played on national holidays and festivals, and have also come to be closely connected with sporting events. Wales was the first country to adopt this, during a rugby game against New Zealand in 1905. Since then during sporting competitions, such as the Olympic Games, the national anthem of the gold medal winner is played at each medal ceremony; also played before games in many sports leagues, since being adopted in baseball during World War II.[8] When teams from two nations play each other, the anthems of both nations are played, the host nation's anthem being played last.

In some countries, the national anthem is played to students each day at the start and/or end of school as an exercise in patriotism, such as in Tanzania.[9] In other countries the state anthem may be played in a theatre before a play or in a cinema before a movie. Many radio and television stations have adopted this and play the national anthem when they sign on in the morning and again when they sign off at night. For instance, the national anthem of China is played before the broadcast of evening news on Hong Kong's local television stations including TVB Jade.[10] In Colombia, it is a law to play the National Anthem at 6:00 and 18:00 on every public radio and television station, while in Thailand, "Phleng Chat Thai" is played at 08:00 and 18:00 nationwide (the Royal Anthem is used for sign-ons and closedowns instead).The use of a national anthem outside of its country, however, is dependent on the international recognition of that country. For instance, Taiwan has not been recognized by the International Olympic Committee as a separate nation since 1979 and must compete as Chinese Taipei; its "National Banner Song" is used instead of its national anthem.[11] In Taiwan, the country's national anthem is sung before instead of during flag-rising and flag-lowering, followed by the National Banner Song during the actual flag-rising and flag-lowering. Even within a state, the state's citizenry may interpret the national anthem differently (such as in the United States some view the U.S. national anthem as representing respect for dead soldiers and policemen whereas others view it as honouring the country generally).[12]

Various solutions may be used when countries with different national anthems compete in a unified team. When North Korea and South Korea participated together in the 2018 Winter Olympics, the folk song "Arirang", beloved on both sides of the border and seen as a symbol of Korea as a whole, was used as an anthem instead of the national anthem of either state.[13]

Most of the best-known national anthems were written by little-known or unknown composers such as Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, composer of "La Marseillaise" and John Stafford Smith who wrote the tune for "The Anacreontic Song", which became the tune for the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner". The author of "God Save the King", one of the oldest and best-known anthems in the world, is unknown and disputed. e24fc04721

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