A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting structures.
Towers are specifically distinguished from buildings in that they are built not to be habitable but to serve other functions using the height of the tower. For example, the height of a clock tower improves the visibility of the clock, and the height of a tower in a fortified building such as a castle increases the visibility of the surroundings for defensive purposes. Towers may also be built for observation, leisure, or telecommunication purposes. A tower can stand alone or be supported by adjacent buildings, or it may be a feature on top of a larger structure or building.
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Towers have been used by humankind since prehistoric times. The oldest known may be the circular stone tower in walls of Neolithic Jericho (8000 BC). Some of the earliest towers were ziggurats, which existed in Sumerian architecture since the 4th millennium BC. The most famous ziggurats include the Sumerian Ziggurat of Ur, built in the 3rd millennium BC, and the Etemenanki, one of the most famous examples of Babylonian architecture.
Some of the earliest surviving examples are the broch structures in northern Scotland, which are conical tower houses. These and other examples from Phoenician and Roman cultures emphasised the use of a tower in fortification and sentinel roles. For example, the name of the Moroccan city of Mogador, founded in the first millennium BC, is derived from the Phoenician word for watchtower ('migdol'). The Romans utilised octagonal towers[1] as elements of Diocletian's Palace in Croatia, which monument dates to approximately 300 AD, while the Servian Walls (4th century BC) and the Aurelian Walls (3rd century AD) featured square ones. The Chinese used towers as integrated elements of the Great Wall of China in 210 BC during the Qin Dynasty. Towers were also an important element of castles.
Other well known towers include the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Pisa, Italy built from 1173 until 1372, the Two Towers in Bologna, Italy built from 1109 until 1119 and the Towers of Pavia (25 survive), built between 11th and 13th century. The Himalayan Towers are stone towers located chiefly in Tibet built approximately 14th to 15th century.[2]
Up to a certain height, a tower can be made with the supporting structure with parallel sides. However, above a certain height, the compressive load of the material is exceeded, and the tower will fail. This can be avoided if the tower's support structure tapers up the building.
A third limit is dynamic; a tower is subject to varying winds, vortex shedding, seismic disturbances etc. These are often dealt with through a combination of simple strength and stiffness, as well as in some cases tuned mass dampers to damp out movements. Varying or tapering the outer aspect of the tower with height avoids vibrations due to vortex shedding occurring along the entire building simultaneously.
Although not correctly defined as towers, many modern high-rise buildings (in particular skyscraper) have 'tower' in their name or are colloquially called 'towers'. Skyscrapers are more properly classified as 'buildings'. In the United Kingdom, tall domestic buildings are referred to as tower blocks. In the United States, the original World Trade Center had the nickname the Twin Towers, a name shared with the Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur. In addition some of the structures listed below do not follow the strict criteria used at List of tallest towers.
The tower throughout history has provided its users with an advantage in surveying defensive positions and obtaining a better view of the surrounding areas, including battlefields. They were constructed on defensive walls, or rolled near a target (see siege tower). Today, strategic-use towers are still used at prisons, military camps, and defensive perimeters.
By using gravity to move objects or substances downward, a tower can be used to store items or liquids like a storage silo or a water tower, or aim an object into the earth such as a drilling tower. Ski-jump ramps use the same idea, and in the absence of a natural mountain slope or hill, can be human-made.
In history, simple towers like lighthouses, bell towers, clock towers, signal towers and minarets were used to communicate information over greater distances. In more recent years, radio masts and cell phone towers facilitate communication by expanding the range of the transmitter. The CN Tower in Toronto, Ontario, Canada was built as a communications tower, with the capability to act as both a transmitter and repeater.
Towers can also be used to support bridges, and can reach heights that rival some of the tallest buildings above-water. Their use is most prevalent in suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridges. The use of the pylon, a simple tower structure, has also helped to build railroad bridges, mass-transit systems, and harbors.
Through our global reach and expertise, a diverse range of capabilities and a leading portfolio of towers and other communication real estate, we enable our customers to connect with those they serve.
Since the Service and Layer traits are important integration pointsfor all libraries using Tower, they are kept as stable as possible, andbreaking changes are made rarely. Therefore, they are defined in separatecrates, tower-service and tower-layer. This crate containsre-exports of those core traits, implementations of commonly-usedmiddleware, and utilities for working with Services and Layers.Finally, the tower-test crate provides tools for testing programs usingTower.
Implementing a network protocol. Libraries that implement networkprotocols (such as HTTP) can depend on tower-service to use theService trait as an integration point between the protocol and usercode. For example, a client for some protocol might implement Service,allowing users to add arbitrary Tower middleware to those clients.Similarly, a server might be created from a user-provided Service.
On my first visit here, I wandered around in the woods for a few hours, lost, exploring every trail I could find in the hopes of stumbling upon a fire tower. In the end, after many miles and hours, I eventually found a fellow hiker who pointed me in the right direction, which was up the big gravel road heading out from the parking lot. Seems obvious now, but without good directions, how was I to know? At least I got a nice picture of my dog romping around out on those other trails.
Hi, Daniela! This tower had been reported as closed. Have you been there recently? Was there tape blocking the stairs, or any signage about a closure? Really appreciate your help to get accurate information here!
Did this hike a few weeks ago. I walked up the road to the tower (a bit buggy), but on the way back took the trail that runs through the woods back to the parking spot. Some amazing views from the top.
Great directions on this hike ! The Firetower was very high and had excellent views. My friend and I got confused about the location of hawk rock, since we believed it was close to the tower only to find it was 15 miles away in another part of Kent.
Keep your eyes peeled as you walk up the gravel road to the tower. Last week I was here with my kids and we saw a baby ring snake. It was only 4-5 inches long and thinner than a pencil. It kept trying to hide under our shoes so we had to be careful not to crush it. Ring snakes are black with a prominent yellow ring just behind their head. They allso develop a red belly as they mature.
Moved to the area recently and am always on the lookout for nice walks/hikes in the area. Just discovered your web site and have already seen many hikes I want to try, but today decided on this one as it was close by with a fire tower! (Love a great view.) Your directions were clear and easy to follow, not that this hike was at all complicated. I appreciate your efforts and will be checking the site frequently for hiking ideas.
The 10-story-tall landmark aligns with the east stands and features a lobby filled with interpretive exhibits, an observation deck and viewing areas. The observation deck is located on the level just under the crown, which features Bowerman and the unnamed athlete. The tower will also include office space for the UO track and field coaching staff.
The tower is one of the many ways designers honor athletes and coaches of Oregon track and field within in the new stadium, which features many faces and moments throughout, honoring the past and inspiring the future.
Overlooking the New River, Shot Tower was built more than 200 years ago to make ammunition for the firearms of the early settlers. Lead from the nearby Austinville Mines was melted in a kettle atop the 75-foot tower and poured through a sieve, falling through the tower and an additional 75-foot shaft beneath the tower into a kettle of water. Guests may ascend the tower, which is on the National Register of Historic Places. Interpretive signs provide details on the tower. Grounds are open from dawn until dusk. The parking lot is open year-round. The tower is open on scheduled days in the summer. Admission to the tower is free, however the daily parking fee applies. Group tours are also available. Call the office at 276-699-6778 for details.
Overlooking the New River, Shot Tower was built more than 200 years ago to make ammunition for the firearms of the early settlers. Lead from the nearby Austinville Mines was melted in a kettle atop the 75-foot tower and poured through a sieve, falling through the tower and an additional 75-foot shaft beneath the tower into a kettle of water. Guests may ascend the tower, which is on the National Register of Historic Places. Interpretive signs provide details on the tower.
In 1931, Arthur Peabody, the state architect who probably did more to reshape the early twentieth-century UW campus than anyone else, declared that for structural and aesthetic reasons, the dome would never be rebuilt. Because significant alumni funds had already been raised, the decision was made to erect a carillon tower instead. The tower was completed and the first concert held in 1936. 0852c4b9a8