Free Willy is a 1993 American family drama film, directed by Simon Wincer, produced by Lauren Shuler Donner and Jennie Lew Tugend, written by Keith A. Walker and Corey Blechman from a story by Walker and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures under their Family Entertainment imprint. The film stars Jason James Richter in his feature film debut, Lori Petty, Jayne Atkinson, August Schellenberg, and Michael Madsen with the eponymous character, Willy, played by Keiko. The story is about an orphaned boy who befriends a captive orca, Willy, at an ailing amusement park. When he discovers that the park owners plan to dispose of Willy, he hatches a scheme to break him out of captivity.
It grew into a small franchise, including an animated television series, two sequels, and a direct-to-video reboot in addition to inspiring the rehabilitation and release of Keiko. The film marked Keith A. Walker's only film as screenwriter, and last project before his death in late December 1996.
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The project first originated in 1984 when Keith A. Walker conceived of the story while working on The Goonies with the film's director Richard Donner, who would eventually serve as one of the executive producers for Free Willy. In the original script, the character of Jesse was a mute 10-year-old boy living with nuns.[3] Donner and his wife, producer Lauren Schuler Donner, hired screenwriter Corey Blechman to update the script and to make it less sentimental, including making Jesse older and into a street tough-type.[3]
Filmmakers searched throughout the U.S., Japan, France, Spain, and Argentina for an orca to portray Willy before settling on Keiko, a twelve-year-old orca that had been residing at Reino Aventura amusement park in Mexico City since 1985.[4] The production team was able to film Keiko in the park while it underwent renovations from May and June 1992.[4] A wooden backdrop was used to make the Reino Aventura aquatic arena appear as if it was located in the Pacific Northwest.[4] Once filming concluded in Mexico City, production moved to Oregon and Washington for location shooting. Oregon locations featured in the movie include Ecola State Park, Oregon Convention Center, Pioneer Courthouse Square, Morrison Bridge, 14th Street Pier, Tom McCall Waterfront Park, Burnside Skatepark and Oaks Amusement Park. The climactic jump scene takes place at the Hammond Marina in Warrenton.[4] The final scene along with the opening and end credits wildlife montages were shot by Bob Talbot.
Most close-up shots involving limited movement by Willy, such as when he is in the trailer and the sequences involving him swimming in the open water, make use of an animatronic stand-in. Walt Conti, who supervised the effects for the orcas, estimated that half of the shots of the orca used animatronic stand-ins. Conti stated that the smaller movements of a real orca actually made things difficult in some ways for him and his crew; they had to concentrate on smaller nuances in order to make the character seem alive.[5] The most extensive use of CGI in the film is the climax where Willy jumps over Jesse and into the wild. All stunts with Keiko were performed by the young orca trainer Justin Sherbert (known additionally by his stage name, Justin Sherman).
The film was released alongside Hocus Pocus and Benefit of the Doubt on July 16, 1993, and grossed $7,868,829 domestically in its opening weekend.[2] It went on to make $76 million in its foreign release and $11,181 from the 2021 re-release in some domestic markets, bringing the film's gross to $153,709,806.[2] Upon its initial release, Free Willy ranked number 5 behind Hocus Pocus plus holdovers from Jurassic Park, In the Line of Fire and The Firm at the box office before moving to number 4 by the following weekend and it stayed there for two more weeks. Afterward, its rank in the box office began to gradually decline, with the exception of a three-day weekend (September 3 to 6), in which gross revenue increased by 33.6%.[2]
The film has received positive reviews from critics. The Rotten Tomatoes website reported that 71% of critics have given the film a fresh rating based on 31 reviews, with an average rating of 5.6/10.[6] The site's critics consensus reads, "Free Willy tugs at the heartstrings skillfully enough to leap above the rising tide of sentimentality that threatens to drown its formulaic family-friendly story".[6] The film on Metacritic has a weighted average score of 79 out of 100, indicating "generally favorable reviews" from 14 reviews.[7] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[8]
The Free Willy movie soundtrack was released on July 13, 1993, on CD and audio cassette by MJJ Music in association with the Epic Records sub-label Epic Soundtrax.[18] It contained all the songs that were featured in the film. Michael Jackson wrote, produced and performed "Will You Be There", originally taken from his 1991 album Dangerous, which can be heard during the end credits. The single version, under the title "Will You Be There (Reprise)", is also included. The song went on to become a top 10 hit in the Billboard Hot 100 charts and was certified platinum as well as winning the 1994 MTV Movie Award for Best Song from a Movie. A remix of SWV's 1992 song "Right Here", which contained a sample of Jackson's "Human Nature", became the group's highest charted single to date and the second biggest hit off the soundtrack when it also landed in the Hot 100 chart at No. 2. New Kids on the Block recorded their first song since they briefly changed their name to NKOTB.[19]
The aquatic star of the film was an orca named Keiko. The huge national and international success of this film inspired a letter writing campaign to get Keiko released from his captivity as an attraction in the amusement park Reino Aventura in Mexico City; this movement was called "Free Keiko". Warner Bros. was so grateful for the whale, and so moved by the fan's ambition, they contributed to rehabilitate and (if possible) free Keiko. He was moved to The Oregon Coast Aquarium in Oregon by flying in a UPS C-130 cargo plane. In Oregon, he was returned to health with the hopes of being able to return to the wild.[20] In 1998, Keiko was moved to Iceland via a US Air Force C-17 to learn to live in the wild. After working with handlers, he was released from a sea pen in the summer of 2002 and swam to Norway following a pod of wild orcas.[21]
Dardanella was a touring theatre company from the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia) established by Willy A. Piedro in 1926. Arising from a background of musical theatre, the troupe focused on realistic stories, both adaptations of foreign works and original stage plays about life in the Indies. Starring Dewi Dja' and Tan Tjeng Bok, the troupe performed original works by Piedro and Andjar Asmara. Popular both in the Indies and abroad, Dardanella dissolved during an international tour after 1936. Several of its members later went into film.
The group attracted the theatre and film critic Andjar Asmara in November 1930; he left his publication Doenia Film to join as he believed the troupe dedicated to the betterment of the toneel as an art form and not only motivated by financial interests like the earlier stambul troupes.[6] Andjar's wife Ratna also joined.[3] He numerous wrote stage plays for the troupe, generally dealing with more serious and mature topics than Piedro; these were in part aimed at the growing intellectual native population.[6]
Dardanella began losing its popularity in the early 1930s.[7] In 1936 Dardanella went to India to record a film adaptation of Andjar's Dr Samsi, which followed a doctor who was blackmailed after an unscrupulous Indo discovered he had an illegitimate child.[8][9] This plan was not brought to fruition, and afterwards Piedro, Dja', and some thirty-odd players went to the United States via Egypt and Europe, soon disbanding.[3][10] Meanwhile, Andjar and Ratna Asmara returned to the Indies, establishing their own troupe named Bollero with Bachtiar Effendi, who had joined Dardanella shortly before its dissolution.[3][11]
In the 1940s numerous former Dardanella actors and personnel entered the film industry, including Andjar and Ratna Asmara,[11] as well as Ferry Kock and his wife Dewi Mada.[12] Several stage plays used by the troupe were also adapted to film, including Rentjong Atjeh (Rencong of Aceh; 1940),[13] and Gadis Desa (Maiden from the Village; 1949).[14]
Wonka adalah film fantasi musikal tahun 2023 yang disutradarai oleh Paul King. King juga bertanggung jawab atas penulisan naskah bersama Simon Farnaby, berdasarkan cerita ciptaannya sendiri. Film ini mengisahkan tentang asal-usul Willy Wonka, karakter dari novel Charlie and the Chocolate Factory karya Roald Dahl yang terbit tahun 1964. Film ini menggambarkan masa awal Wonka sebagai pembuat chocolatier eksentrik.[7] Dikemas sebagai 'karya pendamping' bagi adaptasi film Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, film ini menampilkan Timothe Chalamet sebagai pemeran utama. Ia didukung oleh Calah Lane dan pemeran terkenal lainnya seperti Keegan-Michael Key, Paterson Joseph, Matt Lucas, Mathew Baynton, Sally Hawkins, Rowan Atkinson, Jim Carter, Tom Davis, Olivia Colman dan Hugh Grant.
Proses pengembangan film dimulai setelah Warner Bros. Pictures, yang sebelumnya telah merilis adaptasi dari novel tahun 1964 pada 2005, mengakuisisi hak atas karakter Wonka pada Oktober 2016. Mereka mengumumkan bahwa film ini akan berfokus pada kisah asal-usul Wonka. Timothe Chalamet dikonfirmasi akan memerankan Wonka pada Mei 2021, dan para pemeran pendukung diumumkan pada September di tahun yang sama. Pengambilan gambar utama dimulai di Britania Raya pada September 2021. Lokasi pengambilan adegan meliputi Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden, Watford, serta di Oxford, Lyme Regis, Bath, St Albans dan Rivoli Ballroom di Crofton Park, London. Lagu-lagu asli film ini disumbangkan oleh Neil Hannon, dengan musik asli karya Joby Talbot. 2351a5e196
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