Device encryption is a Windows feature that provides a simple way for some devices to enable BitLocker encryption automatically. Device encryption is available on all Windows versions, and it requires a device to meet either Modern Standby or HSTI security requirements. Device encryption can't have externally accessible ports that allow DMA access.

Unlike a standard BitLocker implementation, device encryption is enabled automatically so that the device is always protected. When a clean installation of Windows is completed and the out-of-box experience is finished, the device is prepared for first use. As part of this preparation, device encryption is initialized on the OS drive and fixed data drives on the computer with a clear key that is the equivalent of standard BitLocker suspended state. In this state, the drive is shown with a warning icon in Windows Explorer. The yellow warning icon is removed after the TPM protector is created and the recovery key is backed up.


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Device encryption uses the XTS-AES 128-bit encryption method, by default. In case you configure a policy setting to use a different encryption method, you can use the Enrollment Status Page to avoid the device to begin encryption with the default method. BitLocker has a logic that doesn't start encrypting until the end of OOBE, after the Enrollment Status Page device configuration phase is complete. This logic gives a device enough time to receive the BitLocker policy settings before starting encryption.

If a different encryption method and/or cipher strength is needed but the device is already encrypted, it must first be decrypted before the new encryption method and/or cipher strength can be applied. After the device is decrypted, you can apply different BitLocker settings.

If a device doesn't initially qualify for device encryption, but then a change is made that causes the device to qualify (for example, by turning on Secure Boot), device encryption enables BitLocker automatically as soon as it detects it.

Encryption helps protect the data on your device so it can only be accessed by people who have authorization. If device encryption isn't available on your device, you might be able to turn on standard BitLocker encryption instead.

Select StartĀ  > SettingsĀ  > Privacy & securityĀ  > Device encryption. If Device encryption doesn't appear, it isn't available. You may be able to use standard BitLocker encryption instead. Open Device encryption in Settings.

In the search box on the taskbar, type Manage BitLocker and then select it from the list of results. Or, select StartĀ  > SettingsĀ  > Privacy & securityĀ  > Device encryption > BitLocker drive encryption.


Note: You'll only see this option if BitLocker is available for your device. It isn't available on Windows 11 Home edition.

Encryption helps protect the data on your device so it can only be accessed by people who have authorization. If device encryption isn't available on your device, you might be able to turn on standard BitLocker encryption instead. (Note that BitLocker isn't available on Windows 10 Home edition.)

Select the StartĀ  button, then select SettingsĀ  > Update & Security > Device encryption. If Device encryption doesn't appear, it isn't available. You may be able to use standard BitLocker encryption instead. Open Device encryption in Settings.

Windows built-in encryption is done transparently at the filesystem level. The encryption key is stored in your account profile encrypted with your login password (this is why there's the warning when you change your password). So logging in unlocks the key, which then makes your encrypted files available.

Since the encryption and decryption is done transparently by NTFS, you don't ever actually see the ciphertext. If NTFS doesn't have the decryption key, it simply won't let you read the file. You can get to the ciphertext by reading the partition data raw, but there's no real advantage to doing that. The file can only be decrypted using the key I mentioned, which you never actually see.

Windows lets you back up your encryption key, where you export the key encrypted with another chosen password. This is useful if you ever put the disk into a different computer or reinstall Windows. But not really useful otherwise.

Since the encryption is tied to the filesystem, it's not designed for sharing encrypted data. Instead, you're protecting the files where they sit against anyone else who gets their hands on your computer.

You could observe the encryption by setting the file's permissions so that another account can read it, and trying to access it through the other account. You could observe the encryption by mounting the disk on another machine, or booting another operating system (e.g. a live Linux system). In these cases, the key would not be available, so you would not be able to access the data.

The security property brought by encryption is that if someone gets hold of your computer (or more precisely to your computer's disk) while you are not logged in, they won't be able to access your data (assuming they fail to guess your password).

The file level encryption means that even if somebody captures the disk from the machine, the contents of the profile directories of all the users who've logged on to that machine contain nothing but encrypted data.

The enterprise encryption scheme (with Active Directory) also has features like "Key Recovery" which allows management to read your files if you decide to not come back into work, or if you forget your password and need a new one set.

There are ways around that by encrypting the SAM DB, but at this point, you're a lot better off using something like TrueCrypt, Bitlocker or some other whole disk encryption scheme. File level encryption is interesting in Windows, but I haven't found a use for it outside of enterprise environments.

Some good answers here. But what might make this all simpler is to just say that the encryption is linked to the current account that you are logged into when you encrypted. Try creating a new account on that machine. (even an admin account) Log into the new account and now look at the file (in place, without moving it off the system). You can't read it now right ?In your phone example. The act of moving it off the system to a non NTFS drive will you move the unencrypted version to the phone. So of course now anyone can read it.

I know this can't be correct? If you want to run Windows 11 (correctly) With a TPM device, you need to encrypt the VM and use VM based security. If you want to encrypt the VM you need a key provider. If you want to add a native key provider for vSphere 7 to enable encryption you have to have a vSphere enterprise license?

All editions of Windows 10 and Windows 11 include XTS-AES 128-bit device encryption options that are robust enough to protect against even the most determined attacks. Using management tools, you can increase the encryption strength to XTS-AES 256.

BitLocker is the brand name that Microsoft uses for the encryption tools available in business editions of Windows (desktop and server). A limited but still effective subset of BitLocker device encryption features is also available in Windows 10 and Windows 11 Home editions. Here's how to make sure your data is protected.

On all devices that meet the BitLocker hardware requirements (see the previous section for details), device encryption is automatically enabled. Windows Setup automatically creates the necessary partitions and initializes encryption on the operating system drive with a clear key. To complete the encryption process, you must perform one of the following steps:

On self-encrypting solid-state drives that support hardware encryption, Windows will offload the work of encrypting and decrypting data to the hardware. Note that a vulnerability in this feature, first disclosed in November 2018, could expose data under certain circumstances. In those cases, you'll need a firmware upgrade for the SSD; on older drives where that upgrade is not available, you can switch to software encryption using the instructions in this Microsoft Security Advisory: Guidance for configuring BitLocker to enforce software encryption.

Note that Windows 10 and Windows 11 still support the much older Encrypted File System feature. This is a file- and folder-based encryption system that was introduced with Windows 2000. For virtually all modern hardware, BitLocker is a superior choice.

For the most part, BitLocker is a set-it-and-forget-it feature. After you enable encryption for a drive, it doesn't require any maintenance. You can, however, use tools built into the operating system to perform a variety of management tasks.

The simplest tools are available in the Windows graphical interface, but only if you are running Pro or Enterprise editions. Open File Explorer, right-click any drive icon, and click Manage BitLocker. That takes you to a page where you can turn BitLocker on or off; if BitLocker is already enabled for the system drive, you can suspend encryption temporarily or back up your recovery key from here. You can also manage encryption on removable drives and on secondary internal drives. On a system running Windows Home edition, you'll find an on-off button in Settings. In Windows 10, look under Update & Recovery > Device Encryption. In Windows 11, this setting is under Privacy & Security > Device Encryption. A warning message will appear if device encryption hasn't been enabled by signing into a Microsoft account.

For a much larger set of tools, open a command prompt and use one of the two built-in BitLocker administrative tools, manage-bde or repair-bde, with one of its available switches. The simplest and most useful of these is manage-bde -status, which displays the encryption status of all available drives. Note that this command works on all editions, including Windows 10 and Windows 11 Home.

Your recovery key is stored in the cloud automatically if you enabled device encryption with a Microsoft account. To find the key, go to and sign in with the associated Microsoft account. (Note that this option works on a mobile phone.) Expand the listing for any device to see additional details and an option to delete the saved key. 17dc91bb1f

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