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Two California men were sentenced yesterday on conspiracy and hate crime charges for attacking five victims inside a restaurant while shouting ethnic slurs, hurling chairs at the victims and threatening to kill them.

William Stepanyan, 23, of Glendale, was sentenced to five years in prison and Harutyun Harry Chalikyan, 24, of Tujung, was sentenced to 15 months in prison. Each defendant was also sentenced to three years of supervised release. The court also ordered the defendants to jointly pay $21,200 in restitution for damage to the Turkish restaurant. Each defendant previously pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy and one count of committing a hate crime.

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The events of The Conspiracy is set in the now-restructured city of Grimsborough, which is made up of ten districts and is home to a total of sixty cases. The Grimsborough Police Department reappears as the law enforcement agency that serves the city.

A conspiracy occurs when two or more people agree to commit an illegal act and take some step toward its completion. Conspiracy is an inchoate crime because it does not require that the illegal act actually have been completed. For instance, a group of individuals can be convicted of conspiracy to commit burglary even if the actual burglary never happens. Conspiracy is also unique in that, unlike attempt, a defendant can be charged with both conspiracy to commit a crime, and the crime itself if the crime is completed.

Conspiracy first requires a showing that two or more people were in agreement to commit a crime. This agreement does not have to be formal or in writing. All that is required is that the parties had a mutual understanding to undertake an unlawful plan. Second, all conspirators must have the specific intent to commit the objective of the conspiracy. This means that someone who is entirely unaware that they are participating in a crime cannot be charged with conspiracy. For instance, if two sisters agree to rob a bank and ask their brother to drive them to the bank without informing him of their intent to commit a crime, he cannot be charged with conspiring in the robbery. This specific intent requirement does not require that each individual knows all the details of the crime or all of the members of the conspiracy. As long as an individual understands that the act being planned is a criminal one and proceeds nonetheless, they can be charged with conspiracy.

Like other inchoate crimes such as attempt, a defendant charged with conspiracy can raise the defense of abandonment or withdrawal. In order to do so, a defendant must show that they affirmatively communicated their withdrawal to their co-conspirators and took some positive action to withdraw from the conspiracy. Additionally, the defendant must have withdrawn from the conspiracy prior to its completion. Importantly, the defendant must have definitively cut ties with their fellow co-conspirators. If they continue to communicate with co-conspirators or assist them in any way, this may prevent the defendant from raising the defense of withdrawal.

Another defense available in conspiracy cases is the defense of entrapment. Entrapment means that the defendant was persuaded to participate in the conspiracy by a law enforcement officer or government agent and that they would not otherwise have become involved in the conspiracy. Specifically, the defendant must show that (1) the idea for the conspiracy came from an officer and not the defendant, (2) the defendant was persuaded to participate in the conspiracy by an officer, and (3) before being persuaded, the defendant had no intention of committing the crime.

Both federal law and state law define the crime of conspiracy. Whether a person is charged under federal or state law depends on specific circumstances. Often, the federal government will prosecute persons allegedly involved in a conspiracy that spans multiple states, whereas a state government will generally handle matters that are entirely contained within its borders. If the crime underlying the conspiracy is a federal crime, this too may lead to federal, rather than state, prosecution.

Potential punishments for those convicted of conspiracy vary. Depending on the relevant statute, a punishment for conspiracy might be just as severe as a punishment for the target crime. Federal conspiracy may be punishable by up to five years in prison. If the target crime was completed, a person can be convicted and punished for both the conspiracy and the target crime separately in many jurisdictions.

Many federal crimes involve conspiracies, which, in addition to the underlying substantive crime, are subject to prosecution. Conspiracy charges are very serious, as they encompass a wide range of conduct and often add layers of complexity to a criminal case. Conspiracy charges carry heavy penalties, including lengthy prison sentences and large fines, making early engagement of an experienced federal criminal defense attorney critical. We have successfully defended clients against conspiracy charges arising in a broad array of federal criminal matters and have the knowledge and experience necessary to evaluate and pursue all potential defenses you might have. If you are under investigation for, or have been charged with conspiracy, call us today at (404) 658-9070.

Conspiracy is a crime separate and distinct from the crime that is the object of the conspiracy. For example, you can be charged with conspiracy to commit money laundering under 18 U.S.C. 371 and with money laundering under 18 U.S.C. 1956.

To obtain a conviction under 18 U.S.C. 371, the government must prove that (1) there was an agreement between two or more people either to defraud the government or to commit another federal crime; (2) the defendant willfully and knowingly joined the agreement; and (3) the defendant or another conspirator committed an overt act in furtherance of the conspiracy.

A conspirator cannot effectively withdraw from a conspiracy he has joined by merely ceasing to participate in it. To withdraw from a conspiracy, the conspirator must take affirmative steps, which are inconsistent with the object of the conspiracy, to terminate his participation and abandon the illegal objective. He must also communicate his withdrawal in a way that is reasonably calculated to reach co-conspirators. Importantly, the withdrawal must be made before an overt act is committed by any co-conspirator. Withdrawal from a conspiracy is an affirmative defense, meaning it must be raised and proved by the defendant.

Section 371 conspiracies are subject to the general five-year statute of limitations for non-capital federal offenses set forth in 18 U.S.C. 3282. This five-year statute of limitations also applies to conspiracies under other federal statutes unless those statutes contain their own limitations periods. The statute of limitations for conspiracies that require an over act begins to run on the date of the last overt act. Concealing a conspiracy whose objective has been attained is not a conspiracy in and of itself and does not prolong the length of the conspiracy for purposes of the statute of limitations. For conspiracies under statutes that do not require an overt act, the conspiracy must continue into the limitations period. Because a conspiracy ends when its main criminal purpose has been achieved, whether the conspiracy has continued into the limitations period depends on the scope of the agreement and whether its purpose has been achieved or abandoned.

Conspiracy is a broad charge that can be difficult to defend against. In the simplest terms, conspiracy is planning to commit a crime and taking steps towards implementing that plan without actually doing anything illegal. It involves two or more individuals making an agreement to commit a federal offense, and one of the individuals committing an act to further the conspiracy. There does not have to be a written agreement or even any interaction whatsoever, but simply evidence that two or more people have been working together in some way to later commit a crime. The statue that outlines this crime states that it is illegal to conspire to defraud the United State of America, as well as to conspire to break any federal law. Because this charge is rather vague, the government often uses it as a means of netting many different illegal behaviors.

The team at Grabel & Associates is willing to devote the time and energy needed to help you receive a favorable outcome in your conspiracy case. We understand that your future is on the line and promise to do our best to give you a fair shot at justice. We have over 15 years of experience working in Michigan law and are ready to step in and aggressively battle for you at any stage of your criminal case. If you want to get connected with one of our top-tier attorneys, contact us via our toll-free phone number or through our online contact form. A member of our team is available 24/7 to answer any questions you may have and start working towards the best available results.

To prove that a person is guilty of drug conspiracy charges, the government must have sufficient evidence of two things: (1) there was an agreement between two or more people to violate a federal drug law; and (2) each alleged conspirator knew of the unlawful agreement and joined in it.

We have successfully represented clients in federal drug conspiracy cases across the United States. Our firm has its main office in Atlanta GA, and we frequently travel to federal courts in other states to represent people in serious federal criminal cases.

There are several other potential defenses available to a person accused of a drug conspiracy or another federal drug crime. In some cases, an affirmative defense like entrapment or duress may be available and successful if diligently pursued. A good lawyer will also consider whether other affirmative defenses may apply, depending on the specific facts of the case.

If you have been charged with a federal drug crime such as conspiracy, you need the assistance of an experienced federal criminal lawyer who will defend your legal rights. For many years, our firm has successfully represented clients charged with federal drug conspiracy and related offenses. We have won several federal drug cases and have successfully resolved others with very favorable pretrial rulings and plea agreements. ff782bc1db