Kukl's second album, Holidays in Europe (The Naughty Nought), came out in 1986. The band split up due to personal conflict, with Bjrk keeping a collaboration with Gulaugur, which was named the Elgar Sisters. Some of the songs they recorded ended up as B-sides to Bjrk solo singles.[12][22]
Bjrk had her first acting role on The Juniper Tree (filmed in 1986, released in 1990), a tale of witchcraft based on the Brothers Grimm story, directed by Nietzchka Keene. Bjrk played the role of Margit, a girl whose mother has been killed for practising witchcraft.[12] That summer, former band member Einar rn and Eldon formed the arts collective Smekkleysa ("Bad Taste" in Icelandic), created with the intention of being both a record label and book publishing company.[12][22] Various friends, namely Melax and Sigtryggur from Kukl, along with Bragi lafsson and Fririk Erlingson from Purrkur Pillnikk, joined the group and a band coalesced in the collective solely to make money.[22] They were initially called ukl, but they were advertised as Kukl (the name of the previous band). At a later concert supporting Icelandic band Stumenn, they referred to themselves as Sykurmolarnir ("Sugarcubes" in Icelandic). Their first double A-side single, "Einn mol' mann", which contained the songs "Ammli" ("Birthday") and "Kttur" ("Cat"), was released on 21 November 1986, Bjrk's 21st birthday.[22]
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In the last quarter of 1988, the Sugarcubes toured North America to positive reception.[23] On 15 October, the band appeared on Saturday Night Live. Bjrk alone contributed a rendition of the Christmas song "Jlaktturinn" ("The Christmas Cat") on the compilation Hvt Er Borg Og Br.[16] The band went on hiatus following the lack of reception of Here Today, Tomorrow Next Week! (1989) and a lengthy international tour.[24] During this time, Bjrk started working on her solo projects. In 1990 she provided background vocals on Gums by Bless.[16] In the same year, she recorded Gling-Gl, a collection of popular jazz and original work, with the jazz group Tr Gumundar Inglfssonar, which as of 2011[update] was still her best-selling album in her home country.[12][23] Bjrk also contributed vocals to 808 State's album ex:el, with whom she cultivated her interest in house music. She contributed vocals on the songs "Qmart" and on "Ooops", which was released as a single in the UK in 1991.[16] She also contributed vocals to the song "Falling", on the album Island by Current 93 and Hilmar rn Hilmarsson.[16] In the same year she met harpist Corky Hale, with whom she had a recording session that ended up as a track on her future album Debut.[12]
Bjrk moved to London to pursue a solo career. She began working with producer Nellee Hooper (who had produced Massive Attack, among others). Their partnership produced Bjrk's first international solo hit, "Human Behaviour", a dance track based on a guitar rhythm sampled from Antnio Carlos Jobim. In most countries, the song was not widely played on radio, but its music video gained strong airtime on MTV. It was directed by Michel Gondry, who became a frequent collaborator for Bjrk.[26] Her first adult solo album, Debut, was released in June 1993 to positive reviews; it was named album of the year by NME and eventually went platinum in the United States.[27] Debut was the leap Bjrk made from being in numerous bands during her teens and early twenties to her solo career. She named the album Debut to signify a start of something new. Debut had a mix of songs Bjrk had been writing since she was a teenager, as well as more recent lyrical collaborations with Hooper. The dance-oriented album varied in instrumentation. One single from the album, "Venus as a Boy", featured a Bollywood-influenced string arrangement. Bjrk covered the jazz standard "Like Someone in Love" to the accompaniment of a harp, and the final track, "The Anchor Song", was sung with only a saxophone ensemble for accompaniment.
At the 1994 Brit Awards, Bjrk won the awards for Best International Female and Best International Newcomer.[28] The success of Debut enabled her to collaborate with British and other artists on one-off tracks. She worked with David Arnold on "Play Dead", the theme to the 1993 film The Young Americans (which appeared as a bonus track on a re-release of Debut), collaborated on two songs for Tricky's Nearly God project, appeared on the track "Lilith" for the album Not for Threes by Plaid, and co-wrote the song "Bedtime Story" for Madonna's 1994 album Bedtime Stories. Bjrk also had an uncredited role as a runway model in the 1994 film Prt--Porter.
In 1999, Bjrk was asked to write and produce the musical score for the film Dancer in the Dark, a musical drama about an immigrant named Selma who is struggling to pay for an operation to prevent her son from going blind. Director Lars von Trier eventually asked her to consider playing the role of Selma, convincing her that the only true way to capture the character of Selma was to have the composer of the music play the character.[37] Eventually, she accepted. Filming began in early 1999, and the film debuted in 2000 at the 53rd Cannes Film Festival. The film received the Palme d'Or, and Bjrk received the Best Actress Award for her role.[10] It was reported that the shoot was so physically and emotionally tiring that she vowed never to act again.[38] Bjrk later stated that she always wanted to do one musical in her life, and Dancer in the Dark was the one.[39] The soundtrack Bjrk created for the film was released with the title Selmasongs. The album features a duet with Thom Yorke of Radiohead titled "I've Seen It All", which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song and was performed at the 2001 Oscars (without Yorke), while Bjrk was wearing her celebrated swan dress.[40]
In 2002 the CD box set Family Tree was issued. It comprised selected rarities as well as previously unreleased versions of her compositions, including her work with the Brodsky Quartet. Also released alongside Family Tree was the album Greatest Hits, a retrospective of the previous 10 years of her solo career as deemed by the public. The songs on the album were chosen by Bjrk's fans through a poll on her website. A DVD edition of the CD was also released. It contained all of Bjrk's solo music videos up to that point. The new single from the set, "It's in Our Hands" charted in the UK at number 37.[4] The video, directed by Spike Jonze, features a heavily pregnant Bjrk. She gave birth to daughter Isadora Bjarkardottir Barney on 3 October 2002.[46] Bjrk and the Brodsky Quartet recorded "Prayer of the Heart", a composition written for her by composer John Tavener in 2001, and it was played then for a slide show presentation in 2003 for the American photographer, Nan Goldin. In 2003, Bjrk released a box set, Live Box, consisting of four CDs containing live recordings of her previous albums and a DVD featuring a video of one track from each CD. Each of the four CDs was later released separately at a reduced price.
In 2005, Bjrk collaborated with partner Matthew Barney on the experimental art film Drawing Restraint 9, a dialogueless exploration of Japanese culture. Bjrk and Barney both appear in the film, playing two occidental guests on a Japanese factory whaling vessel who ultimately transform into two whales. She is also responsible for the film's soundtrack, her second after Selmasongs. Bjrk also appeared in the 2005 documentary Screaming Masterpiece, which delves into the Icelandic music scene. The movie features archive footage of the Sugarcubes and Tappi Tkarrass and an ongoing conversation with Bjrk herself. During this era, Bjrk earned another BRIT Awards nomination for Best International Female Solo Artist.[50] She was also awarded the Inspiration Award at the Annual Q Magazine Awards in October 2005, accepting the prize from Robert Wyatt, with whom she collaborated on Medlla.[51] In 2006, Bjrk remastered her first three solo studio albums (Debut, Post, Homogenic) and her two soundtrack albums (Selmasongs and Drawing Restraint 9) in 5.1 surround sound for a re-issue in a new box-set titled Surrounded, released on 27 June. Vespertine and Medlla were already available in 5.1 as either DVD-A or SACD but are also included in the box set in repackaged format. The DualDiscs were also released separately.[52] Bjrk's former band, the Sugarcubes, reunited for a one-night-only concert in Reykjavk on 17 November 2006. Profits from the concert were donated to the Sugarcubes' former label, Smekkleysa, who according to Bjrk's press statement, "continue to work on a non-profit basis for the future betterment of Icelandic music".[53]
Bjrk's sixth full-length studio album, Volta, was released on 1 May 2007. It features 10 tracks. The album features input from hip hop producer Timbaland, singer Anohni, poet Sjn, electronic beat programmer Mark Bell, kora master Toumani Diabat, Congolese thumb piano band Konono No 1, pipa player Min Xiaofen, and, on several songs, an all-female ensemble from Iceland performing brass compositions. It also uses the Reactable, a novel "tangible-interface" synthesizer from the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona, which on Volta is played by Damian Taylor. The first single from the album, "Earth Intruders", was released digitally on 9 April 2007 and became her second-ever Billboard Hot 100 entry in the United States. Volta debuted at number nine on the Billboard 200 albums chart, becoming her first top 10 album in the US, netting week-one sales of 43,000. The album also reached number three on the French albums chart with sales of 20,600 albums sold in its first week, and number seven in the UK Albums Chart with 20,456 units sold. The second single from the album, "Innocence", was digitally released on 23 July 2007, with an accompanying music video chosen from a contest conducted through her official website. "Declare Independence" was released on 1 January 2008 in a super deluxe package including two 12" vinyls, a CD, and a DVD featuring Gondry's "Declare Independence" video.[56] "Wanderlust" was subsequently released in a similar format, featuring Encyclopedia Pictura's short film directed for the track, shot in stereoscopic 3D. The fifth single released from the album was "The Dull Flame of Desire", featuring vocals by Anohni. 0852c4b9a8
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