Paper 1 Checklists 

Option E: Leisure, Sport and Tourism Information

🔁 1. Changing Leisure Patterns

Learn how leisure and tourism evolve as societies develop.

🧠 Key Concepts:

• 🔄 How human development shapes leisure (e.g. more free time, access to global tourism).
  
  

• 🌍 How leisure looks different around the world – in developed vs developing contexts.
  
  

• 🏖️ Types of tourism:
  ▪️ Cost ▪️ Duration ▪️ Destination ▪️ Popularity ▪️ Site
  
  

• ⚽ Types of sport:
  ▪️ Cost ▪️ Popularity ▪️ Site
  
  

• 💰 Development & Leisure: How economic growth increases access to leisure.
  
  

• 🌎 Case Studies: Compare leisure/sport/tourism in two+ countries at different development levels.
  
  

• 🧍‍♀️ What affects YOUR leisure choices?
  ▪️ Wealth (Affluence) ▪️ Gender ▪️ Age/Life stage ▪️ Personality ▪️ Where you live

🏙️🏞️ 2. Tourism & Sport at Local and National Scale

See how physical and human geography turn places into leisure hotspots.

🔍 Key Ideas:

• 🌄🌆 Growth of rural and urban tourism sites
  ▪️ Think: natural attractions vs man-made ones
  
  

• 🧭 Sphere of influence of leisure places – who visits what and why?
  ▪️ Neighbourhood parks ▪️ Gyms ▪️ City stadiums ▪️ National parks
  
  

• 🏆 The Geography of Sport Leagues:
  ▪️ Team hierarchy and locations
  ▪️ Where the fans live
  
  

• 📚 Case Study: One national sports league
  
  

• 🎪 Large-Scale Events as Temporary Sites:
  ▪️ Festivals ▪️ Religious gatherings ▪️ Sports ▪️ Music
  ▪️ Explore a real rural festival case study and its geographic impacts

🌐 3. Tourism & Sport at the International Scale

Understand who holds the power in global leisure – and why.

🌍 Big Picture Thinking:

• 📣 How countries market themselves globally:
  ▪️ Adventure tourism ▪️ Movie tourism ▪️ Heritage tourism
  
  

• 🏢 TNCs in Tourism:
  ▪️ What they bring – and what they take
  ▪️ Who benefits, who doesn’t
  
  

• 💡 Tourism as a strategy for national growth
  ▪️ Economic, social, and cultural impacts
  
  

• 🌏 Hosting global events (e.g. Olympics, FIFA)
  ▪️ Political, cultural, economic pressures
  ▪️ Case study: One country that hosted a major event – benefits vs costs

🌱 4. Managing Tourism & Sport for the Future

Explore sustainable strategies for a rapidly changing world.

♻️ Key Focus:

• 🧨 Over-tourism & Sustainability Issues:
  ▪️ Carrying capacity ▪️ Resilience planning
  
  

• 🏕️ Sustainable Tourism – What it looks like and how it works
  
  

• 🐘 Case Study: One LIC (Low Income Country) with eco/sustainable tourism
  
  

• 🔮 What’s shaping the future of tourism?
  ▪️ Social media influence
  ▪️ Global security
  ▪️ Diaspora (ancestry) tourism
  
  

• Changing cultural/political dynamics in global sport:
  ▪️ Inclusion & gender roles
  ▪️ Representation in Paralympics
  ▪️ Global sporting agreements

🧩 5. Synthesis, Evaluation & Skills (woven throughout the course)

These are the tools to connect your learning across themes.

🛠️ Always Be Thinking About:

• 🔗 Synthesis (Sy) – How places and people interact through leisure
  
  

• 🔍 Evaluation (Ev) – Who gains or loses from leisure developments?
  
  

• 🌎 Global vs local scales – and how they shape participation
  
  

• 📊 Skills (Sk) – Interpreting graphs, trends, and visitor/impact data

Option G: Urban Environments

🏘️ 1. The Variety of Urban Environments

Understand what makes cities so different — and why.

🧭 Key Ideas:

• 📍 What shapes a city?
  ▪️ Site and function
  ▪️ Land use (CBD, industry, housing)
  ▪️ Settlement hierarchy (from hamlets to megacities)
  
  

• 🏗️ How cities grow:
  ▪️ Planned expansion (think: New Towns)
  ▪️ Spontaneous growth (e.g. slums or favelas)
  
  

• 🛍️ Patterns of economic activity (retail, commercial, industrial):
  ▪️ Physical geography
  ▪️ Proximity to the CBD
  ▪️ Land values and zoning
  ▪️ Planning laws
  
  

• 🏘️ Residential patterns in cities:
  ▪️ Where do people live – and why?
  ▪️ Influences: land value, ethnicity, planning, physical geography
  
  

• ⚠️ Poverty and the informal economy:
  ▪️ Slums, informal housing and street economies
  ▪️ Compare how this looks in richer and poorer countries

🔁 2. Changing Urban Systems

Cities are constantly changing — here’s how and why.

🌍 Urban Processes:

• 📈 Urbanisation and natural increase – more people, more pressure
  
  

• 🧲 Centripetal movement – people drawn to the city centre
  
  

• 🧳 Rural-urban migration – a major force in industrializing countries
  
  

• 💸 Gentrification – wealthier groups move in, reshaping neighbourhoods
  
  

• 🌄 Centrifugal movement – moving out:
  ▪️ Suburbanization
  ▪️ Counter-urbanization
  
  

• 🛠️ Infrastructure growth – the city's skeleton:
  ▪️ Transport, sanitation, waste, digital connectivity
  ▪️ 📚 Case study: One city and how its infrastructure changed over time
  
  

• ⚙️ Urban deindustrialization – factories closing down:
  ▪️ 💰 Economic effects
  ▪️ 👥 Social change
  ▪️ 👶 Demographic shifts

🧪 3. Urban Environmental & Social Stresses

Cities can be amazing — but also stressful, unequal places.

💥 Main Pressures:

• ☀️ Urban heat islands – city areas get hotter than surroundings
  
  

• 🌫️ Air pollution – causes, patterns, and how to manage it
  ▪️ 📚 Case study: One city with a major air pollution problem
  
  

• 🚗 Traffic congestion – growing trends and how cities are responding
  ▪️ 📚 Case study: One city’s traffic solutions
  
  

• 🧱 Contested land use – who controls the land?
  ▪️ Slum clearance vs preservation
  ▪️ Redevelopment vs community needs
  ▪️ Loss of green space
  
  

• 🏘️ 📚 Contrasting examples: Two neighbourhoods – how are they affected?
  
  

• 🚨 Social stress and deprivation:
  ▪️ The cycle of poverty
  ▪️ Crime patterns and hotspots

🌱 4. Building Sustainable Urban Systems for the Future

What can cities do to survive and thrive in the future?

🌍 Future Focus:

• 📊 Urban growth projections to 2050:
  ▪️ Where will the biggest growth be?
  ▪️ What will cities look like demographically?
  
  

• 🌪️ Designing for resilience – coping with climate risks and political instability
  ▪️ 📚 Two examples of resilient city strategies
  
  

• 🌳 Eco-city design – reducing environmental impact
  ▪️ 📚 Two examples of sustainable urban strategies
  
  

• 🧠 Smart cities – tech for better living:
  ▪️ Digital infrastructure
  ▪️ Retrofitting old districts
  ▪️ Building new "smart" neighbourhoods from scratch

🧩 5. Synthesis (Sy), Evaluation (Ev), & Skills (Sk)

These apply across all your topics — they’re your thinking tools.

🔍 What You’ll Be Practising:

• 🔗 Synthesis (Sy):
  ▪️ How people, places, and processes interact over time
  
  

• 🎭 Evaluation (Ev):
  ▪️ Compare urban challenges across scales
  ▪️ Consider different perspectives — who benefits and who doesn’t?
  
  

• 📈 Skills (Sk):
  ▪️ Read and interpret graphs, maps, and spatial data
  ▪️ Spot patterns in population, land use, and urban change

Option F: Food and Health Checklist (HL Only)

🧪 1. Measuring Food and Health

Start by understanding how we measure hunger, nutrition, and health around the world.

📊 Global Indicators:

• 🌾 Food/Nutrition data
  ▪️ Food Security Index
  ▪️ Global Hunger Index
  ▪️ Calories per person/day
  ▪️ Malnutrition rates (under/overnutrition)
  
  

• 🍔 Nutrition transition – shift from traditional diets to processed/Western diets
  ▪️ Learn how this varies across regions
  
  

• 🏥 Health indicators to know:
  ▪️ HALE (Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy)
  ▪️ Infant and maternal mortality rates
  ▪️ Sanitation access
  ▪️ Doctors per 1,000 people
  
  

• 🧭 Disease patterns and transitions:
  ▪️ From diseases of poverty (malaria, TB)
  ▪️ To diseases of affluence (obesity, heart disease)
  ▪️ Known as the epidemiological transition
  
  

• 👵 Ageing populations – what it means for healthcare and disease burden

🌾 2. Food Systems & Spread of Diseases

Explore where our food comes from — and how diseases move across regions.

🔄 Systems Thinking:

• 📥📦📤 Food production as a system:
  ▪️ Inputs, stores, transfers, outputs
  
  

• 💧⚡ Water & energy footprints – how sustainable is our food?
  ▪️ Compare regions and farming methods
  
  

• 🍴 What shapes food consumption?
  ▪️ Physical geography
  ▪️ Wealth and affordability
  ▪️ Cultural and political choices
  
  

🦟 Spread of Innovations & Disease:

• 🛰️ How ideas/diseases spread:
  ▪️ Adoption, expansion, and relocation diffusion
  ▪️ Influences: physical, economic, political
  
  

• 🧭 Why some diseases spread faster:
  ▪️ Look at geography, environment, and access to healthcare
  
  

🧪 Case Studies:

• 🦠 One vector-borne disease (e.g. malaria, dengue)
  
  

• 💧 One water-borne disease (e.g. cholera)

👥 3. Stakeholders in Food & Health

Who’s involved in improving health and food security — and what do they do?

🌍 Key Players:

• 🏢 International organisations:
  ▪️ WFP, FAO, WHO, UN, NGOs
  ▪️ Their roles in tackling hunger and disease
  
  

• 🏢 TNCs (transnational corporations):
  ▪️ Agribusiness and food media influence what we eat
  
  

• 🚺 Gender and inequality in access to food and healthcare
  
  

• ⚠️ What makes famines worse:
  ▪️ Governance, media attention, type of aid
  
  

🧪 Case Study:

• 📚 One famine-stricken region or country

🌱 4. Future Health & Food Security and Sustainability

What does the future hold for feeding the world and protecting global health?

✅ Tackling Food Insecurity:

• 🍽️ Solutions:
  ▪️ Reducing food waste
  ▪️ Improving access and affordability
  
  

• 📚 Case study: One example of a project tackling food insecurity
  
  

🧬 New Food Technologies:

• 🌿 GMOs – science meets farming
  
  

• 🌇 Vertical farming – growing food in cities
  
  

• 🧫 In vitro meat – lab-grown solutions
  
  

🦠 Disease Management:

• 💉 Responses:
  ▪️ Government strategies
  ▪️ Targeting vulnerable groups
  ▪️ Science and medicine
  ▪️ Public education
  
  

🧪 Pandemic Focus:

• 🌍 What happens in a pandemic?
  ▪️ Spread and epidemiology
  ▪️ Global/local responses
  ▪️ Media’s role
  ▪️ Lessons learned
  
  

• 📚 Case study: One modern pandemic (e.g. COVID-19)

🧠 Synthesis (Sy), Evaluation (Ev) & Skills (Sk)

These thinking and analytical skills apply across all topics — practice them regularly!

🧩 Key Competencies:

• 🔁 [Sy] Spatial interactions – links between food, health, and geography
  
  

• 📏 [Sy/Ev] Scale contrasts – comparing small vs large-scale issues/solutions
  
  

• 🎯 [Ev] Stakeholder priorities – whose voices matter in food and healthcare?
  
  

• 📉 [Sk] Data skills – graphs, maps, and spatial patterns of disease/health