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Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968) was a groundbreaking French artist who had a profound impact on 20th-century art, particularly with his involvement in Dadaism and Surrealism. Duchamp challenged conventional notions of what art should be, advocating for an intellectual approach over purely visual or aesthetic values. He is best known for his "readymades" - ordinary manufactured objects that he selected and modified, presenting them as art to challenge the traditional role of the artist's skill and craftsmanship.
His most famous works include "Fountain" (1917), an ordinary urinal signed "R. Mutt," and "L.H.O.O.Q," a postcard of Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa with a mustache and goatee drawn on it. Another significant work is "The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even" (also known as "The Large Glass"), which is a complex glass construction combining visual art with intricate narratives and symbolism.
Duchamp's work and ideas had a significant influence on the development of post-World War I Western art. He challenged the art world's fundamental beliefs about what constitutes art, leading to major new movements such as Conceptual art.
Common Clues Across Questions
Common Clues Across Questions
Fountain (Readymade Urinal): An ordinary urinal signed "R. Mutt", challenging traditional notions of art.
L.H.O.O.Q. (Mona Lisa with Mustache and Goatee): A postcard of the Mona Lisa with a mustache and goatee drawn on it.
Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2: A painting that caused a sensation at the 1913 Armory Show in New York for its abstract depiction of motion and its cubist/futurist style.
The Large Glass (The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even): A complex and enigmatic work combining visual art with narrative and symbolic elements.
Readymades: Ordinary manufactured objects presented as art.
Étant Donnés: A later work that can only be viewed through a peephole, depicting a nude woman holding a gas lamp in a landscape setting.
By http://www.toutfait.com/issues/issue_2/Notes/pop_2.html, Fair use, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24198579
Rrose Sélavy (Duchamp's Female Alter Ego): A pseudonym Duchamp used, notably in the context of his readymades and other works.
"3 Standard Stoppages" (1913-1914) is a work that consists of three canvases, each with a length of string glued to it, which Duchamp dropped from a height of one meter. The strings assumed random shapes upon landing, and Duchamp used these shapes as templates for rulers. This work questions the idea of standardization and the arbitrary nature of measurements.
"Why Not Sneeze, Rose Sélavy?" (1921) is a readymade sculpture consisting of a birdcage filled with marble cubes resembling sugar cubes, a thermometer, and a cuttlebone. The work plays with perception and expectation – the marble cubes suggest functionality (like sugar) but defy it. The title, a pseudonym Duchamp occasionally used, adds a layer of irony and wordplay typical of Dadaist art.
By Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968) - http://www.artpool.hu/lehetetlen/real-kiall/nevek/duchamp_why.html, Fair use, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2156751
"In Advance of the Broken Arm" (1915) is another readymade, this time an ordinary snow shovel inscribed with its title. This work challenges the notion of what can be considered art by presenting an everyday object in an art context, forcing the viewer to reconsider the object's aesthetic and conceptual value.
Related Quizbowl Facts
Related Quizbowl Facts
Duchamp's famous work "__1__" is a urinal turned upside-down.
His alteration of the Mona Lisa with a mustache is known as "__2__".
The painting that caused a stir at the 1913 Armory Show is "__3__ Descending a Staircase, No. 2".
Duchamp's complex glass construction is titled "The ___4___ Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even".
His later work, viewed through a peephole, is called "___5___".
Duchamp's use of ordinary objects as art is called "___6___".
He also used the female pseudonym "___7___ Sélavy".
Answers:
1. Fountain
2. L.H.O.O.Q.
3. Nude
4. Bride
5. Étant Donnés
6. Readymades
7. Rrose
Based on the provided text, the clues used more than once in questions about Marcel Duchamp, along with their frequency counts, are as follows:
1. Fountain (urinal, signed R. Mutt, etc.): 27 times
2. Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2: 23 times
3. Readymades: 18 times
4. The Large Glass (The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even): 12 times
5. L.H.O.O.Q. (Mona Lisa with a mustache): 12 times
6. Étant Donnés: 8 times
7. Rrose Sélavy (alter ego, female persona, etc.): 8 times
8. Chess (references to playing, giving up art for, etc.): 6 times
9. 3 Standard Stoppages: 3 times
10. Why Not Sneeze, Rose Sélavy?: 3 times
11. In Advance of the Broken Arm (snow shovel): 3 times
12. Anemic Cinema (film): 2 times
13. Bicycle Wheel: 2 times
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