Current trends

5G network

5G (5th Generation) - the fifth generation of mobile networks or the fifth generation of wireless systems. The name used in some scientific papers and projects to denote the following telecommunication standards for mobile networks after the 4G / IMT-Advanced standards [1] [2].

As of the beginning of 2018, this technology was not fully defined in international standards, but was only under development. The first standard of this technology was the standard adopted in late 2017. New Radio (NR). It is envisaged that the deployment of new technologies will take place in several stages. Initially, 5G NR Non stand-alone will be implemented, which uses the existing 4G LTE eNB network [3].

5G testing

Samsung, in mid-2013, as a result of its own experiments with a prototype of an electronic data exchange system at 28 GHz between two recipients moving at a speed of about 8 km / h, reached a transmission speed of 1,056 Gbps [17] [ 18]. The distance was approximately 2 km of line of sight.

Instead, as of early 2014, it is known that key global mobile equipment vendors such as Nokia, Ericsson, Huawei, and Samsung, in turn, are working intensively to develop, build, and test 5G telecommunications equipment in their own research centers [19] [20]. In particular, the second largest European R&D center of Nokia Solutions and Networks, located in Wroclaw, Poland, is working hard to experimentally study the etheric interface of this technology and create appropriate software for mobile networks based on it [21].

Deployment

Korea

South Korea plans to deploy a 5G network for the 2018 Winter Olympics, which will be held in that country. [14] Japan also plans to have a working 5G network before the 2020 Summer Olympics. In February 2017, at the World Congress of Mobile Technology in Barcelona, Samsung announced that the first commercial 5G network will be launched in early 2018. [32].

Germany

In May 2018, it was reported that after a successful test of the 5G test network in the port area of Hamburg, Deutsche Telekom has deployed a test network in Berlin. Three base stations have been installed in the Mitte district (Leipzig Street) and the Schönenberg district (Winterfeldstraße). These stations will be the core of the 5G cluster, which the operator plans to expand to 70 base stations in 20 locations by the summer. In the first stage, the newly created cluster will cover a "strip" 5 km wide [34].

Italy

On June 5, Italy was the third in Europe after Switzerland and Britain to launch 5G. The service is provided by the Italian provider Vodafone-Italia. The service is available in five major cities: Milan, Turin, Bologna, Rome and Naples, as well as in 28 municipalities in the capital region. [36] [37].

Ukraine

Ukraine is also preparing to deploy its 5G network. The Ministry of Finance says that the realistic deadline for launching the technology is 2022. “With the introduction of 5G technology, the speed of the Internet increases by 10-20 times and it is possible to connect more devices to use the Internet in one area, "- previously explained the Minister of Digital Transformation Mikhail Fedorov. For example, having 5G connection, you can download a full-length full-length movie in less than a minute. On November 18, the agency approved a plan to release radio frequency bands for 5G. Television is currently operating in this band, which is planned to be switched to lower frequencies. And within a year they plan to announce a tender for frequencies for 5G among mobile operators.

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