Demo - Poly

Demo

What is Polymorphism?

Polymorphism means "many forms."

In Java, it allows a single interface or method to act differently based on the object it is working on.

Real-Life Example: Payment System :

Imagine you're building an online shopping app. At checkout, a customer can choose from different payment methods:

💳 Credit Card

🏦 Bank Transfer

📱 UPI

💼 Wallet

In the checkout system, we only call the method:

payment.pay(amount);

Based on the object assigned to the payment reference, the correct implementation is executed:

let's see step by step

Step 1: Create a Common Interface

We define a Payment interface with a method pay(double amount). Every payment method will implement this interface.

Step 2: Create Different Payment Classes
Each class implements the Payment interface and provides its own logic for how to process the payment.

Step 3:Simulate Frontend Input and Use Polymorphism

We simulate user input (as if it's coming from a frontend form or API) and decide which payment method to use using a simple switch statement.

🚀 What’s Happening Behind the Scenes?

The code only calls: payment.pay(amount);

Based on the object assigned, Java runs the correct version of the method:

- If user pays using Credit Card → CreditCardPayment.pay() is called

- If user pays using UPI → UpiPayment.pay() is called

- If user pays using Bank Transfer → BankTransferPayment.pay() is called

This works because payment is a reference of the parent type (Payment), but it can hold objects of any class that implements the Payment interface this is the -runtime polymorphism in Java.

Summary:
Polymorphism allows the same method (pay()) to behave differently based on the object type, making code flexible, extensible, and clean.

Below added simple image to understand :

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🚀 What’s Happening Behind the Scenes?

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