Cop - BAFS

Business, Accounting and Financial Studies

About BAFS - Learning Objective

Through the study of the BAFS curriculum, students will be able to develop knowledge and understanding of:

• the intertwined relationships of different business areas;

• the dynamic environment in which businesses operate, where changes influence

planning and decision-making;

• the importance of accounting in managing a business;

• the functions of management in formulating effective strategies for businesses; and

• the importance of managing personal finance.


Students are expected to develop generic skills, in particular, the ability to:

• use information technology to locate, select, and organize relevant business information

for decision-making;

• investigate, analyze, and evaluate business issues from a variety of perspectives


Source From: The Curriculum Development Council and the Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority (updates in Oct 2020). Business, Accounting and Financial Studies Curriculum and Assessment Guide (Secondary 4－6). CDC-HKEAA https://334.edb.hkedcity.net/new/doc/eng/curriculum/BAFS_C&A_Guide_e_oct_2020_clean.pdf

What's in this website?

There are various topics of teaching and learning materials in BAFS can be found in this website.

Teaching Packages were provided. Each topics would be demonstrated with series of videos, teaching plan, worksheets and additional teaching materials if needed.

It is hoped that this website will be a lively hub of resources and activities in online teaching about BAFS, contributing to the preparedness of the education community to address challenges in an increasingly digital education landscape.

Teaching Topics

Time Value of Money

  • The concepts of time and money

  • The differences between future value and present value

  • Compounding and discounting of money in different time period

  • Calculation and application of compounding and discounting value by case studies

Introduction to Double Entry System

  • The concepts of the Double Entry System

  • The basic and expanded versions of the accounting equation

  • The effects of transactions on accounting equation with examples and exercises

  • The rules and basic steps of recording in the double entry system for different types of accounts to reinforce accounting knowledge in applying the rules of double entry

Basic Accounting Principles and Conventions (Accrual and Consistency)

  • Concepts of accrual and consistency in accounting principles are explained with illustrative examples

  • Online learning platforms from Mentimeter and Quizizz used

Basic Accounting principles and conventions (Business Entity, Historical Cost & Going Concern )

  • Financial accounting principles and conventions

  • Explains three of the accounting principles (Business Entity, Historical Cost, and Going Concern)

  • Definition of those accounting principles and explains the principles with real-life examples for consolidating the understanding of students

  • Online learning tool - Kahoot used

Cash and Trade Discount

  • Introduction of cash discount and trade discount

  • The differences between two of them

Income Statement

  • The purposes and steps of making an income statement

  • Using an example of running a game shop, guiding students to calculate in the preparation of income statement

    • (Sales – Return inwards) – [Opening inventory + (Purchases – Return outwards + Carriage inwards) – Closing inventory] + Revenues – Expenses = Net profit/ Net loss

Basic Ratio Analysis

  • It focused on "liquidity" of the basic ratio analysis topic, it is also supplemented by demonstrations of online teaching tools

  • Relevant classroom materials, such as after-class worksheets, are provided for students to conduct additional exercises after class to consolidate relevant knowledge

Management Functions – Planning

  • What planning is?

  • The importance of planning

  • Description of the planning process

  • An online platform – Kahoot, was applied to collect immediate responses from students to examine their understanding of the lesson

Management Functions – Organising

  • What organizing is ?

  • Different methods of forming departments

  • Online tool –Google Doc was applied to elaborate and conclude the lesson’s concepts by completing exercise questions with students

Management Functions – Leading

  • What leading is?

  • The three leadership styles were explained

  • Online tools – Kahoot and Google Doc were applied to enhance interaction between students and to examine students’ understanding of the lesson by completing exercises with them through the online platform

Management Functions - Controlling

  • What controlling is?

  • The process of control

  • Online tools – Kahoot and Google Doc were applied to enhance interaction between students and to examine students’ understanding of the lesson by completing exercises with them through the online platform

Principle of effective Management

  • Introduce principles of effective management

  • How these principles help to improve effectiveness and efficiency of the organization, including:

    • (1) Division of labor,

    • (2) Unity of command,

    • (3) Unity of direction, and

    • (4) Balancing authority and responsibility

  • The lesson is delivered by using the platform of “Nearpod”.

Public Enterprises

  • Forms of business ownership – public enterprises

  • The characteristics of public enterprises, distinguish types of public enterprises

  • The similarities and differences of the government departments and public corporations

  • With various teaching tools (i.e. Quizizz and Padlet) and intriguing games

Limited Companies, Joint Venture & Franchising

  • 3 types of business ownership - Limited companies, Joint ventures & Franchising

  • The characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of these types of ownership

  • Different examples from real life

  • e-teaching platform - 'Quizlet' used to motivate students and consolidate their knowledge, such as using 'Quizlet live' and the word cards