The following species list was developed for the Spirit Sands trail in Spruce Woods Provincial Park, July 22 & 29, 2000. It was made in preparation for a walk given for members of the Manitoba Naturalists Society. This list is not intended to be comprehensive since it was developed over a short period of time and the primary interest of the group is flowering plants. Several species groups including grasses, sedges and small herbaceous plants are either not included or are included as a group because of limited flower/fruit material or time needed to identify. The area covered in this list ranges from open dunes to wet marshy locations (Devils Punch Bowl). The species are listed in alphabetical order, no attempt has been made to separate them into habitat or family groups. Species names generally follow those found in "Budd's Flora of the Canadian Prairie Provinces" © 1979, Agriculture Canada. More information on Spruce Woods Provincial Park and the Spirit Sands can be found at http://www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/parks/popular_parks/western/spruce.html
Acer negundo, Manitoba maple
Achillea millefolium, Yarrow
Agastache foeniculum, Giant-hyssop
Agropyron spp, Wheat grass
Agrostis scabra, Rough hair grass
Agrostis stononifera, Redtop
Allium cernuum, Nodding onion
Allium stelatum, Wild onion
Ambrosia sp, Ragweed
Andropogon gerardii, Big bluestem
Andropogon hallii, Sand bluestem
Anemone canadensis, Canada anemone
Anemone cylindrica, Long-gruited anemone
Anemone multifida, Cut-leaved anemone
Antennaria spp, Pussy-toes
Apocynum androsaemifolium, Dogbane
Aquilegia canadensis, Wild columbine
Aralia nudicaulis, Wild sarsaparilla
Arceuthobium pusillum, Dwarf mistletoe
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Bear berry
Artemesia biennis, bienial wormwood
Artemesia frigida,
Artemisia ludoviciana, Prairie sage
Asclepias spp
Asclepias ovalifolia, Dwarf milkweed
Asclepias verticillata, Whorled milkweed
Aster laevis, Smooth aster
Astragalus canadensis, Canadian milk-vetch
Betula papyrifera, Paper birch
Bouteloua curtipendula, Side oats grama
Bouteloua gracilis, Blue grama grass
Bromus ciliatus, Fringed brome
Bromus inermis, Brome grass
Calamovilfa longifolia, Sand grass
Caltha palustris, Marsh-marigold
Campanula rotundifolia, Harebell
Carex spp, Sedge
Carex obtusata, Blunt sedge
Carex pensylvanica, Sun-loving sedge
Carex rosrata, Beaked sedge
Carex stenophylla ssp. eleocharis
Celastrus scandens, Bittersweet
Cerastium vulgatum, Mouse-eared chickweed
Chamaerhodos erecta, Bunge
Chenopodium leptophyllum, Narrow leaved goosefoot
Cirsium arvense, Canada thistle
Comandra pallida, Bastard Toadflax
Cornus alba, Red-osier dogwood
Corylus americana, American hazelnut
Corylus cornuta, Beaked hazelnut
Dalea villosa, Hairy prairie clover
Elaeagnus commutata, Wolf-willow
Elymus canadensis, Canada wild rye
Erigeron spp, Fleabane
Eupatorium maculatum, Joe-Pye weed
Euphorbia esula, Leafy spurge
Festuca saximontana, Sheeps fescue
Fragaria virginiana, Strawberry
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green ash
Gaillardia aristata, Gaillardia
Galium spp, Beadstraw
Geum triflorum, Thee-flowered avens
Helianthus laetiflorus, Beautiful sunflower
Helianthus petiolaris, Prairie sunflower
Heracleum lanatum, Cow parsnip
Heterotheca villosa (Chrysopsis villosa),
Hairy golden-aster
Heuchera richardsonii, Alumroot
Juniperus communis, Juniper
Juniperus horizontalis, Creeping juniper
Koelera cristata, June grass
Lactuca pulchella, Blue lettuce
Lathyrus ochroleucus, Cream-colored vetchling
Lathyrus venosus, Wild pea vine
Liatris punctata, Blazingstar
Lilium philadelphicum, Western Red Lily
Linum rigidum, Large-flowered yellow flax
Lithospermum canescens, Hoary puccon
Lithospermum incisum, Narrow leaved puccon
Lonicera dioica, Twining honeysuckle
Lygodesmia juncea, Skeleton weed
Maianthemum canadense,
Wild lily of the valley
Mamillaria vivipara, Purple cactus
Melilotus alba, White sweet-clover
Melilotus officinalis, Yellow sweet-clover
Mirabilis nyctaginea, Umbrellawort
Monarda fistulosa, Wild bergamot
Muhlenbergia cuspidata, Prairie muhly
Oenothera biennis, Yellow evening-primrose
Oenothera nuttallii, White evening-primrose
Oenothera serrulata, Shrubby evening-primrose
Oryzopsis hymenoides, Indian rice grass
Oxytropus lambertii, Purple locoweed
Panicum wilcoxianum, Vasey
Penstemon albidus, White beardtongue
Penstemon gracilis, Lilac-flowered beardtongue
Petalostemum purpureus, Purple prairie clover
Petalostemum candidum, White prairie clover
Picea glauca, Whilte spruce
Poa compressa, Canada blue grass
Poa palustris, Fowl blue grass
Poa pratensis, Kentucky blue grass
Polygala senega, Seneca snake root
Polygonatum canaliculatum, Solomon's-seal
Populus balsamifera, Balsam poplar
Populus deltoides, Cottonwood
Populus tremuloides, Aspen
Potentilla arguta, White cinquefoil
Prunus pensylvanica, Pin cherry
Prunus pumila, Sand cherry
Prunus virginiana, Choke cherry
Psoralea esculenta, Indian breadroot
Pyrola spp, Whitergreen
Quercus macrocarpa, Bur Oak
Ratibida columnifera, Coneflower
Rhus radicans, Poison ivy
Ribes americanum, Wild black currant
Rosa acicularis, Prickly rose
Rosa arkansana, Prairie rose
Rosa blanda, Smooth rose
Rubus ideaus, Wild red raspberry
Rudbeckia hirta, Black-eyed susan
Rudbeckia laciniata, Tall Coneflower
Rumex venosus, Sand dock
Salix interior, Sandbar willow
Salix spp, Willow
Schizachraum scoparium, Little blue stem
Schizachrium scoparium, Little bluestem
Selaginella densa, Prairie selaginella
Shepherdia canadensis, Canada buffaloberry
Sium suave, Water parsnip
Sisyrinchium montanum, Blue-eyed grass
Smilacina stellata, False solomon's seal
Smilax herbacea, Carrion flower
Solidago missouriensis, Early goldenrod
Solidago nemoaralis, Showy goldenrod
Solidago canadensis, Graceful goldenrod
Sonchus arvensis, Sow thistle
Sporobolus cryptandrus, Sand dropseed
Stipa spartea, Porcupine grass
Symphoricarpos albus, Snow berry
Tanacetum vulgare, Tansy
Thalictrum venulosum, Meadow-rue
Tragopogon dubius, Goat's-beard
Typha latifolia, Cattail
Urtica dioica, Stinging nettle
Viburnum trilobum, High bush-cranberry
Vicia americana, American vetch
Viola spp, Violet
Vitis riparia, Wild grape