In this Photoshop Basics tutorial, we'll learn how we can combine two or more shapes in interesting ways using the Add, Subtract, Intersect and Exclude options that are available to us when drawing Shape Layers in Photoshop! We looked at these options briefly in the Vectors, Paths and Pixels tutorial, but we'll cover them in more detail here.

This tutorial assumes you already have a solid understanding of how to draw vector shapes, which you can learn all about in the first tutorial in this series - Photoshop Shapes and Shape Layers Essentials.


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I've gone ahead and created a new Photoshop document, with white as my background color, and I've used the Ellipse Tool to draw a single circular shape (I held down my Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) key as I was dragging out the shape to force it into a perfect circle):

If we look in my Layers panel, we see that my document currently contains two layers - the white-filled Background layer on the bottom and the Shape layer (Shape 1) for my shape directly above it:

By default, Photoshop assumes that each time we draw a new shape, we want to draw a separate, independent shape, and it places the new shape on its own Shape layer. If we look again in my Layers panel, we see that I now have a second Shape layer (Shape 2) sitting above the original. Both shapes are completely separate from each other:

This default behavior of creating a new Shape layer for each shape we draw is often what we want, but there are other, more interesting things we can do with shapes in Photoshop than simply adding new ones all the time. For instance, we can combine two shapes together by adding the new shape to an existing one, or we can use the new shape to remove part of the original shape. We can intersect two shapes so only the areas that overlap remain visible in the document, or we can do the opposite, hiding the overlapping areas from view.

This is important because it means the shape's vector mask is currently selected. The vector mask is what defines the look of the shape (the color swatch to the left of the vector mask thumbnail defines the color of the shape). If the vector mask is not selected, the Add, Subtract, Intersect and Exclude options will be grayed out and unavailable in the Options Bar. If you see them grayed out, check to make sure a white highlight border is appearing around the Shape layer's vector mask thumbnail. If it's not, click on the thumbnail to select it.

A small plus sign (+) will appear in the lower right of my mouse cursor letting me know that any shape I draw next will be added to my existing shape rather than appearing on its own Shape layer. I've enlarged the mouse cursor here to make it easier to see:

The result doesn't look much different than it did last time, but if we look in the Layers panel, we see that instead of having two separate Shape layers, both shapes now appear on the same vector mask on the same Shape layer, which means that even though they may look like separate shapes in the document, they're actually one single shape:

At the moment, we can see the thin path outline around the shapes. The path is visible because the vector mask is selected and active. To hide the path outline, all we need to do is deselect the vector mask by clicking on its thumbnail. The white highlight border around the thumbnail will disappear when you click on it, indicating that the vector mask is no longer active:

I'll undo my last step and remove the second shape I added by pressing Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac) on my keyboard, and this time, I'll select the Subtract from Shape Area option in the Options Bar:

I'll draw another circular shape with the Ellipse Tool, again overlapping the original, and this time we get a different result. Instead of adding the new shape to the existing one, the new shape has been used to remove, or cut away, part of the initial shape where the two shapes overlap. As we can see by the path outlines, both shapes are there in the document, but only the part of the original shape that is not being overlapped by the second shape remains visible:

I'll click on the vector mask thumbnail to deselect it, which removes the path outline from around the shape and makes it easier to see the result. With part of it removed, the original circular shape now looks more like a moon:

So far, we've learned how to add and subtract shapes. Up next, we'll learn how the Intersect and Exclude options work, as well as how to easily switch between these four drawing modes after we've already drawn the shape!

I'll again press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac) to undo my last step and remove the second shape, then I'll select the Intersect Shape Areas option in the Options Bar:

Again we can see in the Layers panel that both shapes were added to the same vector mask. Just like a normal layer mask, the small white area on the vector mask thumbnail represents the part of the shape that's visible in the document:

I'll remove the second shape by pressing Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac), and finally, I'll select the Exclude Overlapping Shape Areas option in the Options Bar:

I'll draw my second shape, and this time, we get the exact opposite result from what we saw when the Intersect Shape Areas option was selected. With Exclude Overlapping Shape Areas, the overlapping area of the shapes is hidden, while the rest remains visible:

What if, after drawing my second shape in the Exclude Overlapping Shape Areas mode as I just did, I realize I had the wrong option chosen in the Options Bar? What if I meant to draw the second shape in, say, the Subtract from Shape Area mode instead? I could undo my last step to remove the shape, choose the correct option from the Options Bar and then draw the second shape again, or I could simply select the second shape and switch the option for it!

With the Path Selection Tool in hand, I'll simply click inside the shape I need to select. Even though the two shapes are part of the same vector mask on the same Shape layer, we can still select them individually just by clicking on them. Here, I've clicked on the second shape (the one on the right), and we can see the path's anchor points (the small squares) that have appeared around it letting us know the shape is now selected and active:

If we look in the Options Bar, we see that the Path Selection Tool gives us access to the same Add, Subtract, Intersect and Exclude options that we're given when we have any of the Shape tools selected. The only option we don't get with the Path Selection Tool is the Create New Shape Layer option, since we can't actually draw a shape with the Path Selection Tool. We can, however, use the Path Selection Tool to easily switch an existing shape from one mode to another.

Finally, what if I wanted to delete the second shape entirely and go back to just my initial circular shape? I couldn't simply drag the Shape layer down on to the Trash Bin because that would delete the entire Shape layer. Instead, I'd select the second shape by clicking on it with the Path Selection Tool, just as I did a moment ago, then I'd press Backspace (Win) / Delete (Mac) on my keyboard. This will delete the selected shape without deleting the entire Shape layer.

And there we have it! That's the basics of combining vector shapes in Photoshop using the Add, Subtract, Intersect and Exclude options! Check out our Photoshop Basics section for more tutorials on working with shapes, plus layers, selections and other essential skills!

You can easily edit your shape properties directly using on-canvas controls or accessing Shape Properties under the Properties panel. On-canvas controls make your interaction with shapes more intuitive.

You can use on-canvas transform and rounding controls to adjust the appearance of your shape. The keyboard modifiers will work the same way for on-canvas transform controls as they work in Transform tool in Photoshop. You can modify the radius of all corners of your shape at once or hold Alt (Win) or Option (Mac) as you drag to change the radius of a single corner. For triangles, all corners will be modified even if you drag one of them. Easily rotate a shape using the on-canvas rotate handle that appears as you hover over your shape on the canvas.

To view all the custom shapes that come with Photoshop, click the gear icon on the right of the Custom Shape picker in the shape tool options bar. You will see the list of available shapes. Select any custom shape as desired.

If you don't find a desired shape, click the gear icon in the Custom Shape picker panel and select Import Shapes option to import a desired shape from your saved files. You can also create and save a custom shape in your library.

You can easily edit your Custom Shape Tool properties directly from Shape Properties under the Properties panel. You can also use on-canvas Transform controls to transform a custom shape while keeping intact its shape properties. 


You also have the flexibility of setting Custom Shape Tool preset directly from the Shapes Windows panel. When you select a custom shape from Windows > Shape panel, this preset will get updated in the Custom Shape Tool > Custom Shape picker as well.

I accidentally imported some custom shapes twice and am unable to delete the duplicates. Whether I right click on the shape (or the folder they're in) or click on the menu in upper right corner, the delete option is disabled. How do I delete them? Thanks.

You create a shape layer by drawing in the Composition panel with a shape tool or the Pen tool. You can then add shape attributes to existing shapes or create shapes within that shape layer. By default, if you draw in the Composition panel when a shape layer is selected, you create a shape within that shape layer above the selected shapes or group of shapes. If you draw in the Composition panel using a Shape tool or Pen tool when an image layer other than a shape layer is selected, you create a mask. For more information, see Create masks in After Effects. 2351a5e196

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