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Classification concept
Hierarchy of classification
History of classification
Whitaker's system of five kingdoms
Cryptogams and phanerogams
Cryptogams and phanerogams
Cryptogams: Plants do not produce seeds
Phanerogams: Plants that produce seeds
Cryptogams
Cryptogams
Thallophyta
Thallophyta
Undifferentiated plant body
No roots, stem,leaf etc.
Bryophyta
Bryophyta
Presence of root-like, stem-like, leaf-like parts
Amphibians of plant kingdom
Pteridophyta
Pteridophyta
First appearance of true roots, stem, leaves.
First appearance of vascular tissues in the plant kingdom (xylem and phloem)
Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms
Reproduce through cones instead of flowers.
Female cone bears Megasporophylls (ovule) and
Male cone bears microsporophylls (pollen)
Seeds are not enclosed in fruit
Angiosperms
Angiosperms
Reproduce through flowers.
Seeds are enclosed in fruit
Dicots
Dicots
Taproot System
Reticulate venation
Pentamerous symmetry
Scattered vascular bundles
Two cotyledons in the seed
Monocots
Monocots
Fibrous root system
Parallel venation
Trimerous symmetry
Vascular bundles are arranged in circular fashion
One cotyledon in the seed
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