Parts of a Volcano
Parts of a Volcano
Everything you need to know about volcanoes.
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A volcano is an opening on the surface of a planet or moon that allows material warmer than its surroundings to escape from its interior. When this material escapes, it causes an eruption. An eruption can be explosive, sending material high into the sky. Or it can be calmer, with gentle flows of material.
from https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/volcanoes2/en/
PARTS OF A VOLCANO
PARTS OF A VOLCANO
Crater โ mouth of a volcano that surrounds the vent. It is alsoย a roughly circular depression a dent in the ground caused by volcanic activity.
Vent โ An opening in the volcano from where the lava comes out.
Mountain - A landform that rises high above its surroundings. Taller than a hill, it usually has steep slopes and a rounded or sharp peak.
Summit โ the highest point of the volcano.
(FOR PYROCLASTIC FLOW ANIMATION, VISIT https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/volcano)
Lava โ molten rock which erupts from a volcano.
Magma โ hot fluid or semifluid material below or within the earthโs crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed by cooling.ย
Ash โ small parts of lava or rocks which are shot in the air by explosion.
Ash Cloud โ a cloud of ash formed by volcanic explosions.
(FOR PYROCLASTIC FLOW ANIMATION, VISIT https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/vhp/pyroclastic_flows.html)
*Pyroclastic Materials โ another name for a cloud of ash, lava fragments carried through the air, and vapor.
*Pyroclastic Flow โ contain a high-density mix of hot lava blocks, pumice, ash and volcanic gas. They move at very high speed down volcanic slopes, typically following valleys.
Sill โ a flat piece of rock which forms by the hardening of magma in a crack in a volcano
Conduit โ the passage in the volcano through which magma travels up
Throat โ Conduitโs part that ejects lava and volcanic ash.
Parasitic cone โ A parasitic cone (also adventive cone or satellitecone) is the cone-shaped accumulation of volcanic material not part of the central vent of a volcano. It forms from eruptions from fractures on the flank of the volcano.
Volcanic Bombs โ A volcanic bomb is a mass of molten rock (tephra) larger than 64 mm (2.5 inches) in diameter, formed when a volcano ejects viscous fragments of lava during an eruption. They cool into solid fragments before they reach the ground.
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