The word for Orange in Bangla is (Kawmola, my best shot at romanization). I know the Hindi word is "narang", which has a cognate in many other IE languages (eg. "Orange" in English), but can't find cognates in the neighboring sino-tibetan languages such as Burmese.

I am trying to test if a word is a valid Bengali word which may contain Bengali letters, vowel markers, 'Hasanta' (""), Bengali digits, all punctuation symbols including Bengali "". We can test this easily for English using regex patter "\w+", but I cannot find any way to do this in Bengali.


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Bengali is one of the most morphologically rich languages and it has lots of inflectional and derivational variant forms of a word. Because of that it is quite complicated to determine the stem of word.

But now usingĀ  bishrg for making abbreviations is considered grammatically wrong and now dot is used for making abbreviations (as in .. for the word tag_hash_107tag_hash_108 " kilometer", or . for tag_hash_109 dktr "doctor" which are respectively similar to "km" and "Dr" in English) is grammatically correct.[16][17]

Bengali text is written and read horizontally, from left to right. The consonant graphemes and the full form of vowel graphemes fit into an imaginary rectangle of uniform size (uniform width and height). The size of a consonant conjunct, regardless of its complexity, is deliberately maintained the same as that of a single consonant grapheme, so that diacritic vowel forms can be attached to it without any distortion. In a typical Bengali text, orthographic words, words as they are written, can be seen as being separated from each other by an even spacing. Graphemes within a word are also evenly spaced, but that spacing is much narrower than the spacing between words.

This paper presents a high-quality dataset for evaluating the quality of Bangla word embeddings, which is a fundamental task in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Despite being the 7th most-spoken language in the world, Bangla is a low-resource language and popular NLP models fail to perform well. Developing a reliable evaluation test set for Bangla word embeddings are crucial for benchmarking and guiding future research. We provide a Mikolov-style word analogy evaluation set specifically for Bangla, with a sample size of 16678, as well as a translated and curated version of the Mikolov dataset, which contains 10594 samples for cross-lingual research. Our experiments with different state-of-the-art embedding models reveal that Bangla has its own unique characteristics, and current embeddings for Bangla still struggle to achieve high accuracy on both datasets. We suggest that future research should focus on training models with larger datasets and considering the unique morphological characteristics of Bangla. This study represents the first step towards building a reliable NLP system for the Bangla language1.

In this paper, a novel approach for word extraction and character segmentation from the handwritten Bangla document images is reported. At first, a modified Run Length Smoothing Algorithm (RLSA), called Spiral Run Length Smearing Algorithm (SRLSA), is applied for the extraction of words from the text lines of unconstrained handwritten Bangla document images. This technique has helped to overcome some of the drawbacks of standard horizontal and vertical RLSA techniques. SRLSA technique has been applied on the Bangla handwritten document image database CMATERdb1.1.1 and the success rate of the word extraction is found to be 86.01%. In the second part of the work, we have presented a useful solution to the problem on how best word images of handwritten Bangla script can be segmented into constituent characters. Moreover, the technique can segment the words having discontinuity in Matra, a prominent feature of Bangla script. It also optimizes the trade-off between under/over segmentation as Matra region and segmentation points are estimated more precisely. As a result, better word segmentation accuracy is achieved with minimal data loss. Here, a success rate of 92.48% is observed on a dataset of 750 handwritten Bangla words which is 3.35% higher than that of our earlier techniques.

Some studies on extraction of Bangla texts from scene images are available in the literature. Also, OCR of printed Bangla texts has been extensively studied. However, the performance of available Bangla OCR on scene texts is not acceptable. In this article, we present our recent study of segmentation of characters or their parts from Bangla texts extracted from scene images. The proposed approach detects the background and text by a combination of two algorithms: unsupervised learning algorithm K-means clustering and Otsu's threshold selection. We propose a criterion to choose an optimal K value for K-means clustering. The text segmentation is based on region growing and extraction of both headline and baseline of such texts. These two lines divide a Bangla word into three horizontal zones. The present algorithm segments characters or their parts in each individual zone. This zone-based segmentation approach helps to reduce the number of symbols to be handled by the classifier in the next stage of the OCR system. Our algorithm can also detect an image having only numerals, avoiding zone detection in that case. Extracted scene texts are often affected by artifacts and our segmentation algorithm can remove them efficiently. Our algorithm has been tested on 2460 Bangla words extracted from 260 scene images.

Segmentation of printed or handwritten words into characters is an important preprocessing step for optical character recognition (OCR) systems. It is important because incorrectly segmented characters are less likely to be recognized correctly. The ...

Issue 02: Theoretically both theĀ  andĀ  are not glyphs and not enlisted in the Unicode code chart.Ā  is a character in conjunct/combination form which is used to transcribe some words in a wrong way ( in misspelled form) such asĀ  (and),Ā  (academy). On the other hand, theĀ  is the correct form to transcribe. It important point is,Ā  is a phoneme, not a single vowel (orthographically), even though it is not included in the traditional phonological chart and Unicode. However, the character combinationĀ  could be included with a note. And thus,Ā  should be excluded from the rapotearei.

Issue 05: In the provided document some words are showing valid such as , , , etc. These are non-words and we should address what types of impossible words we can generate through the valid characters. We should not allow such types of words that will be treated as noise, and grammatically impossible. It would be useful if some wordlist could be added to an appendix as an exhaustive list, which will be treated as LGR-supported Bangla words.

Issue 05: In the provided document some words are showing valid such as , ,Ā  etc. These are non-words. If we allow these, could we collect and publish an exhaustive list have the LGR supporting Bangla words. 17dc91bb1f

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