They are of different types depending on the dosha involved that is:

• Mandagni due to kapha (Dyspepsia or Dyspepsia related disorders)

• Teekshnagni due to pitta (Acid dyspepsia and bulimia)

• Vishamagni due to vata (atonic dyspepsia)

1

INTRODUCTION 

According to fundamental principles of Ayurveda Agni has an important role in the physiological functioning of body. Broadly Agni can be divided into three major categories1-3:

1) 1 Jatharagni

2) 7 Dhatwagni

3) 5 Bhutagni

Jatharagni has been considered prime among all Agnis. The functioning of other Agnis i.e. Dhatwagni and Bhutagni, are dependent upon the strength of Jatharagni. Hence it is praised as God itself because of its miraculous nature and action.1

This Agni is Parama-sukshma and transforms the food substances into various forms which can be easily assimilated by our body. If Jatharagni becomes weak, it will result into improper formation of Rasadhatu and consequently uttarottar Dhatu formation hampers.

In Ayurvedic Samhita, decrease in the intensity of Agni has been termed as "Agnimandya"4,5. The references of this disease have been found since Mahabharata Adiparva. Acharya Charak, Sushrut, Vagbhat has not described this disease separately but in the course of other diseases. Acharya Madhav has described Agnimandya as a separate disease.

Aims and Objectives

• To re-evaluate, discuss and elaborate the various Ayurvedic concepts and principals related to Agnimandya.

• To understand the relation between Agni and Dosha, concept of Agnimandya and evolution of various diseases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This article is based on a review of Ayurvedic texts. Materials related to Agni, Ama, Agnimandya and other relevant topics have been collected. The main Ayurvedic texts used in this study are Charak samhita, Sushruta samhita, Astang sangraha, Astang hridaya, Madav nidana and available commentaries on

these. We have also referred to the modern texts and searched various websites to collect information on the relevant topics. CONCEPT OF AGNIMANDYA

Agni converts the Ahara dravya into Ahara-rasa and then with the help of Dhatwagni and Bhutagni the poshak ansha is made available to body. Hence, any vikriti i.e. hypo or hyperfunctioning of the "Agni" is the prime cause of pathogenesis of any disease. Agnimandya, Amanirmiti, Strotorodha can occur in any sequence and are the basic events responsible for the outbreak of any disease.6,7 Also this vicious cycle if not treated timely, will increase the intensity of the disease.

While describing "Agnimandya" Acharya Madhav has not only emphasized on "Mandagni" alone but any kind of hyper or hypo-functioning of Agni has been considered in the term "Agnimandya"8.

Agnimandya as a disease8

Agnimandya is a clinical condition characterized by loss of appetite i.e. kshudhamandya, Aruchi i.e. loss of taste, Avipak

i.e. decrease in digestion, Prasek i.e. excessive salivation, Amashaya Pradeshi Gaurav and Shirogaurav i.e. heaviness of stomach and head, Antrakujan i.e. excessive peristalsis, Pravahan i.e. strenuous defecation etc10.

Agnimandya as a main event in Samprapt9

Agnimandya is a main step occurring in pathogenesis of many diseases. Hetu sevan causes Dosha-prakop. These prakupit dosha vitiate dushya and their Sammurchana which leads to many diseases, mostly it starts with Agnimandya3.

Due to decrease in intensity of Agni, the apachit ahara-rasa is produced leads to Strotorodha and Ama nirmiti. Hence, while treating any disease the Samprapti bhanga always to be start with Amapachan and Agnivardhan chikitsa to get fast and complete cure.

Agnimandya as a symptom8

Acharya has described Agnimandya as a main symptom in diseases like Jwara, Pandu, Atisara, Grahani, Ajeerna, Gulma, Kamala, Shotha, Shwasa, Pratishyaya, Arsha etc.1

Sharir of Vyadhighatak involved10

Our body is constituted by Dosha, dhatu and mala. Vata, Pitta and Kapha are Tridosha. These are responsible to maintain prakriti and when get vitiated leads to disease formation. Rasa-Rakta-Mamsa-Medo-Asthi-Majja and Shukra are sapta dhatu and Mutra, Shakrut and Sweda are three Malas.4,5 Hence, to understand the pathogenesis of the disease Agnimandya, the following Dravya sangrah must be considered.

A. DOSHA7

1. Vata

Pran, Vyan, Udan, Saman, Apan are the five types of Vata. Amongst them Prana, Apana, Samana are related with Anna pachan kriya. So, any Vikriti in these types of Vayu leads to Agnivikriti.

a. Pran

While describing the karma of Pran Vayu, Acharya states that Pran is important for the intake of food in mukha and then in the Annavaha Srotas. This Annagrahan is the first step of Anna pachan and thus it is one of the responsible Dosha in the disease Agnimandya

b. Saman

The ingested bhukta and peet i.e. solid and liquid substance get samparinat by the help of Saman Vayu. The Saman Vayu stays near Agni and its sancharsthan is Koshtha. This Saman Vayu keeps the Agni patent and its function is Grahan, Pachan, Munchan and Vivechana of Annadravya. If this type of Vayu get vitiated it will affect the Agni more vigorously.

c. Apan

Apan Vayu stays in Pakvashaya where the process of Sara- Kitta vibhajan takes place under the influence of Apan Vayu. It is responsible for Mutra and Purisha nishkraman kriya. The samyak Mala pravritti is one of the Ahar jirnasya lakshnam. Hence, the Apan Vayu must be considered in the pathogenesis of the disease "Agnimandya".

2. Pitta2,7

Pachak, Ranjak, Sadhak , Alochak and Bhrajak are five type of Pittas, out of these 5 types Pachak Pitta have an important role in outbreak of Agnimandya.

The Pachak Pitta is situated in between Amashaya and Pakwashaya i.e Grahani. It is responsible for Pachan and Vivechan of Chaturvidh Annapan and hence called as Pachakagni.

3. Kapha3,7

Bodhak, Avlambak, Kledak, Tarpak, Shleshak are the five types of Kapha. Kledak Kapha plays a main role in Agnimandya Samprapti.

Kledak Kapha

At this place this Ahara is mixed with Kledak Kapha which softens it, liquefies it and responsible for its Pachan. It will cause "Bhinna Sanghata" of Anna due to which Agni can reach upto very small particles of Ahara and can digest it properly. Hence any disability of Kledak kapha can cause Agnimandya.

B. DUSHYA1,7

Dushya gets vitiated by Doshas but they don't have capacity to vitiate others. This term includes Rasa Raktadi saptadhatu, Twak, Snayu adi Upadhatu, Swedadi Mala as mentioned earlier.

In the disease "Agnimandya" the vikrit Ahara-rasa is formed. The very first Dhatu Rasa get direct nourishment from Ahara- rasa. So this Agnivikriti leads to Apachit Ahara Rasa which at first affects Rasadhatu and then the other Dhatus respectively.

C. STROTAS1,7

Strotas are those which act as vehicle of Bhav Vishesa for their passage from one part to another part of the body. Any Vikriti in Annavaha Strotasa right from Mukha to Guda leads to the pathogenesis of Agnimandya.

Acharya Charak has mentioned the mula sthana of Annavaha Strotas and the symptoms caused by its Dushti as Anannabhilasha, Aruchi, Avipak are mainly concerned with Agnimandya.

D. AGNI

The main element to be affected in the disease Agnimandya is Agni. The hypo or hyper functioning of Agni are included in the disease by Acharya Madhav. We have already discussed the concept of Agni and its importance.

SHARIR RACHANA AND KRIYA7

To understand the disease 'Agnimandya', the description about general considerations and concepts of Agnimandya has been mentioned earlier. While studying the disease, we must know the Sharir Rachana and Kriya of the organs involved. Charakcharya has described Panchadasha Kosthangas, out of the described Koshthangas Amashaya, Pakwashaya, Antra and Guda are the organs involved directly or indirectly in Anna Pachan Kriya6.

In the disease 'Agnimandya', the main element to get hampered is 'Agni'. There are 13 types of Agni, out of which Jatharagni is the main who has control over other Agnis and is mainly involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Charakacharya has mentioned that Agni and Pitta are different, the Agni works in the body through the Murtwan Pitta especially Pachak Pitta. Thus, Pachak Pitta has Agenya Gunadhikya and get the name of Agni by losing its Dravya Guna. This Pachak Pitta is situated in beetween Pakwashaya and Amashaya. The location of Agni is in between Amashaya and Pakwashaya i.e. Grahani.

Rachana Sharir

1. Amashaya2

Synonyms : Kaphashaya, Shleshmashaya The word Amashaya is Ama + Ashaya Ama = Undigested food.

Ashaya = Cavity (Akash Mahabhut Pradhan)

Sushrutcharya has described Amashaya as one of seven Ashayas. Charakcharya has mentioned Amashaya as one of the fifteen koshthangas. In 'Agnimandya' the affected Strotas is 'Annavaha Strotas'. Amashaya is the mool sthana of Annavaha Strotas.

Utpatti: It is mentioned in Kashyapa Samhita, that Amashaya is formed in the third month of intrauterine development. Acharya Vagbhat has stated that the Kleda in the cavities of Dhatu get Vipakwa by their respective Ushmas and there will be formation of Sapta Kala covered by Kapha, Snayu and Apara. Acharyas included Amashaya in Matruja Avayava.

Sthana: Amashaya lies in between Stana and Nabhi.

Snayu : It is composed of Sushir Snayu and Peshi, are circular and longitudinal in Urdhwa and Adho Amashaya.

Marma2

Amashaya is close to Nabhi Marma. This marma is one of the Sira Marma and is Sadyo Pranahara in nature.

Sira: Amashaya has Chaturvidha Sira. 

2

NIDANA

(Reference – Madhava Nidana 6/7-8)

Atyambu pana – drinking water excessively

Vishama ashana – improperly timed food intake

Sandharana – suppression of natural urges

Swapna viparyaya – sleeping during the day, keeping awake at night

If indulging in these factors, even the food consumed timely, that is compatible for that individual and light to digest does not get digested properly.

Irshya – jealousy

Bhaya – fear

Krodha – anger

Lubdha – confused

Ruk nipidita – suffering from pain

Dainya nipidita – suffering from depression

Pradvesha yukta – aversion to food

These factors lead to derangement of digestive strength (Agni). 

3

SYMPTOMS

Sometimes there is no manifestation of disease but Agni maandya is present. This shows the following symptoms:

1. Loss of appetite, abdominal distention, belching, foul smelling faecal matter, irregular micturition

2. Irritability

3. Disturbed sleep

4. Foul smell in the mouth

5. Laziness 

4

SAMPRAPTI

Nidana sevana-> kapha dosha prakopa-> jatharagni dusthi-> jatharagni mandata-> ahara apuna paka-> amavisha utpatti->agnimandya

5

SAMPRAPTI GHATAKA

DOSHA- kapha pradhana tridosha,mansika dosha

DUSHYA- agni,rasa

ADHISTHANA- amashaya,grihani

SHROTAS- annavaha

SVABHAVA- chirkari

SADHYAASADHYATA- sadhya

A1

MANDAGNI

Mandagni – due to predominant influence of kapha dosha on digestion strength

Manda = mild, Agni = fire

Authority of kapha over fire – Mandagni means mild fire. Digestive power here is mild and will not be capable enough to digest food properly. In fact fire would digest food in an inappropriate way. This happens due to influence of kapha on fire. Kapha is rich in water and earth elements while fire is predominant in fire and water elements. When kapha is aggravated out of proportions it would put off fire and make it weak owing to richness of water component in it, just as excessive water puts off fire.

Characteristic feature of Mandagni – Fire having mild strength would not be capable of digesting even small quantity of food properly.

Probable modern correlation Dyspepsia or Dyspepsia related disorders

A2

EFFECT OF MANDAGNI

Effect of Mandagni– Mandagni leads to manifestation of many kapha disorders. Kapha is naturally produced in stomach on regular basis during first phase of digestion. When digestive power is good, it would balance kapha. When fire becomes weak, more kapha produced in stomach is not balanced and it goes out of proportions. Owing to its water content it creates excessive wetness in stomach and intestines and further puts off fire. This sets in indigestion and anorexia. Since food is not digested

properly it would not provide needed nutrition to body. Undigested food causes formation of ama and causes multiple blocks in body due to stagnation. This in turn provides a suitable backdrop for manifestation of many diseases, especially of kapha origin.

A3

MANDAGNI CAUSES AMAJEERNA try it now!

Amajeerna is a type of indigestion caused due to high kapha influencing digestion strength. Thus, mandagni causes amajeerna. Due to deficit digestion of food in stomach as an effect of ‘kapha influenced fire’, ama is formed. Ama is immature essence of digestion which owing to sticky nature tends to cause blocks in cells and tissues. This leads to sluggish metabolism, blockage of toxins and excreta in body, lowering of immunity, insufficient nutrition to body components and manifestation of many kapha related diseases.

A4

MANDAGNI CHIKITSA

Anti kapha line of treatment is followed like; fasting, expelling the phlegm out of the body through vamana or emesis. Giving appetisers, digestive, pungent, salty medicines and food items. Formulations like Hingvashtaka churna, Trikatu churna, and Panchakolasava would be beneficial.

Kapha balancing diets, good physical activities, light digestible foods and avoidance of day sleep would bring kapha to balance and also set right mandagni. Medicines and compounds which would kindle digestive fire and enhance digestion may be needed. In severe mandagni, best remedy for expelling excess kapha would be administration of therapeutic emesis. These measures are also remedies for amajeerna caused by mandagni. 

A5

REMEDY FOR MANDAGNI

Kapha balancing diets, good physical activities, light digestible foods and avoidance of day sleep would bring kapha to balance and also set right mandagni. Medicines and compounds which would kindle digestive fire and enhance digestion may be needed. In severe mandagni, best remedy for expelling excess kapha would be administration of therapeutic emesis. These measures are also remedies for amajeerna caused by mandagni

B1

TEEKSHNAGNI

Teekshna = intense, Agni = fire

Authority of pitta over fire

Teekshnagni means intense fire. Fire in this instance will be severe and digest food quickly causing frequent hunger. We can tell that fire burns food rather than digesting it. Since food is digested very quickly, byproduct is not converted into nutritional juices (ahara rasa). Even in this case there is deficit nutrition to body parts as very less nutritional juices are formed. As a result excreta also if formed in small quantities. As a result of quick digestion person suffers from frequent hunger and is not satisfied in spite of eating for multiple times.

This happens due to strong influence and impact of pitta on digestive fire. Actually digestive pitta itself is pitta (pachaka pitta). Pitta represents anatomical and physiological fire in body. When this pitta is balanced, fire contributes towards digestion, segregation of digested food, formation of nutrition, absorption, assimilation, distribution and utilization of nutrition by body. When this pitta attains pathological increase it causes inflammation and burnouts.

When it gets reduced, it causes indigestion, low temperature and other digestive disorders. All these can be considered as symptoms of balanced, increased and decreased fire as well.

Pitta is rich in fire and water elements. Water element balances excessive heat and acts as a buffer for pitta and doesn’t allow it to get out of sorts. But when fire component gets increased, protection is gone and pitta behaves berserk and causes inflammation and other destructive activities in body. When water element of pitta gets increased, fire component becomes low and fire in form of pitta will not be able to digest food. This leads to digestive disorders.

Characteristic feature of Teekshnagni – digest food taken even excessive quantity in quick time.

B2

EFFECT OF TEEKSHNAGNI

manifestation of many pitta disorders.

Intense fire quickly digests any type of food consumed, be it raw or cooked, light or heavy. Food gets burnt quickly instead of getting digested. This condition is also called as Bhasmaka Roga i.e. a disease in which food is converted into ash after being burnt. Since food is burnt and not digested, nutritional juices are not formed. Neither nutrition nor excreta are formed as end products of such type of digestion. As a result tissues and organs of body will not get proper nutrition. This leads to depletion of tissues.

Since fire is high, water system of body should disintegrate in condition of teekshnagni. Water system of body is kapha. With high pitta and subsequent high fire in teekshnagni state, kapha will get decreased. Thus, there is less protection and buffer for digestive system in particular and for entire body in general. With deterioration of kapha, pitta further gets aggravated and gaining association with vata becomes ‘all destructing and all consuming’ just like forest fire burns whole forest when spread by swiftly blowing wind.

Decrease of kapha also produces excessive dryness in body. On this backdrop aggravated pitta and vata burns and destroys entire body system. All tissues are destroyed by intensity of pitta and vata.

Intensity of fire associated with pitta no doubt digests food in quick time but doesn’t produce any nutrition as already said. There is frequent hunger which cannot be satiated. When food is not available, aggravated fire starts feasting on body tissues and destroys them. Consequentially person becomes weak and depleted day by day.

Strength and endurance takes a severe beating. When this condition of teekshnagni is not addressed in proper time it may cause death of person.

These people with teekshnagni get satisfied after eating food but within short duration become restless because there is further demand for food in quick time due to quick digestion of food. With time, this fire becomes insatiable.

Teekshnagni can result in symptoms like severe thirst, severe dyspnea, severe burning sensation, giddiness, fainting etc.

B3

TEEKSHNAGI CAUSES VIDAGDHA JEERNA try it now!

Vidagdha jeerna – Vidagdhajeerna is a type of indigestion caused due to high pitta or pitta influencing digestive fire. Thus, teekshnagni causes vidagdhaajeerna. Vidagdha means burnt. Due to excessive and quick digestion of food in stomach and intestines as an effect of ‘pitta influenced fire’, consumed food gets burnt instead of getting digested. There is high amount of acidity in stomach which leads to acidic regurgitation, acidity, ulcers, frequent hunger pangs, burnouts, corrosion and inflammation in body. Since food is quickly digested, there is frequent urge to eat; still person suffers from indigestion. There is no satiety even after taking frequent food and in large quantities. This also leads to manifestation of many pitta related diseases.

Probable modern correlation Acid dyspepsia and bulimia

B4

TEEKSHNAGNI CHIKITSA

Anti -pitta treatments like; heavy, cold unctuous quality food items are useful. Rice gruel, rice water can be given. Formulations like Kaamadugha rasa with Mouktikabhasma would be beneficial.

B5

REMEDY FOR TEEKSHNAGNI

Remedy for teekshnagni

Tikshnagni should be effectively handled with pitta balancing remedies which include pitta balancing diet and lifestyle changes and treatments, especially therapeutic purgation to remove excess pitta from system. Charaka has advised repeated administration of heavy to digest food in larger quantities to combat intense fire condition. Such type of food protocol will help in increasing kapha and also will provide fuel to intense pitta at regular intervals. This will avoid destruction of tissues. Gradually, as kapha increases and pitta and vata get controlled, condition of intense fire will get controlled.

C1

VISHAMAGNI

Vishama = unpredictable Agni = fire

Other meanings of vishama are – Odd, Abrupt, Inconsistent, Irregular/

All above mentioned meanings of vishama are applicable for misbehavior of fire affected and influenced predominantly by vata.  

Authority of vata over fire

Digestive fire in vishamagni is highly unpredictable. Food sometimes gets digested properly and sometimes not. This happens due to influence of vata on fire. Unpredictability and inconsistence is one of characteristic features of vata. When vata influences function of agni, fire too behaves in an unpredictable way.

Characteristic feature of Vishamagni – Digestive fire which is unpredictable and inconsistent would sometimes digest food properly and sometimes it doesn’t digest. Person suffers being stuck between episodes of proper digestion and improper digestion of

C2

EFFECT OF VISHAMAGNI

Leads to manifestation of many vata disorders.

Vata is formed at end part of digestion, during absorption of remaining nutrients and water in colon, during and after formation of stools. Thus, vata is formed in colon which also happens to be its primary seat or ‘control station of vata’.

In fact, vata itself is controlling force of entire body, along with mind and senses. No activity occurs without control of vata.

Even pitta and kapha are said to be pangu i. e. controlled and manipulated by balanced vata, because like other elements of body i. e. tissues and excreta, pitta and kapha also move and work only after being propelled and motivated by vata.

Among many functions of vata, control of digestive fire and also digestive functions caused by that fire is also chief one.

Samana vata, one of subtypes of vata is said to be located very near to seat of digestive fire. Samana Vata is thus located in stomach and upper part of small intestine wherein most of digestion of food takes place. Just like fire increases in form and intensity when it comes in contact with air, digestive fire too becomes more when it comes into contact with vata, which is a representative of air in body.

If this samana vata is balanced, fire too will be balanced. This will effect in proper digestion of food and absorption, assimilation and utilization of nutrients derived from digested food.

If vata is more, it will also increase pitta (fire) and there will be burnout of food leading to improper nutrition to body. Similarly if vata is deficit, it will not kindle fire. Food doesn’t get digested properly. Toxins are formed in body and accumulated in cells and would cause many blocks in body channels leading to depletion of nutrition and elements needed for tissue building throughout body. This will also prevent excretion of wastes from body. Sum effect would be many diseases which may become life threatening in due course of time. 

Imbalance between pitta and air will also lead to imbalance of kapha in digestive area. Higher vata, higher pitta and lower kapha. This will lead to less protection of digestive tract from violent action of vata and pitta, combination of wind and fire being very ruthless and all destructive sometimes.

As a result there are lot of burnouts in all tissues and organs of body, inflammation and high pitta symptoms. Lower vata, lower fire, more accumulation of kapha and watery elements. This will subsequently lead to stagnation and blocks in body leading to slowing down of many activities and sluggish functioning of many tissues and organs along with kapha increase symptoms. 

Thus balance of vata is very essential to keep pitta, kapha and fire balanced and for digestive activities to happen in an uninterrupted way.

Anyways, those having vata constitution or long standing disturbance of vata will have unpredictable digestive fire. As a result, digestion also will be unpredictable in these people. For vata constitution people to have vishamagni is quite natural, by birth. Therefore these people need to take extra caution to keep their vata under control in comparison to pitta and kapha constitution 

As already said, with vata influencing fire, food will sometimes be digested properly and sometimes there will be weak and sluggish digestion. Person in whom fire is influenced by vata will therefore be unsure about his or her digestive health. They have frequent stomach upsets and digestive disorders which make them meet doctor often for these complaints.

Vata and pitta, always form a lethal combination. As long as they balance each other and themselves there is no problem but when they mutually afflict each other or aggravate each other, they burn entire body just like an intense fire burns and consumes everything.

C3

VISHAM AGNI CAUSES VISHTABDHAJEERNA try it now!

Vishtabdhajeerna is a type of indigestion caused due vata influencing digestive fire. Thus, vishamagni causes vishtabdhaajeerna. Due to unpredictable nature of vishamagni, food is either digested or not. Person suffers from episodes of digestion and indigestion.

Depending on nature of digestion, all activities of body including digestion, circulation, excretion, nutrition etc will take place in an erratic way. Due to influence of vata and association of pitta, dryness and depletion will be affected in cells and tissues. Many neurological disorders, constipation, weakness, loss of weight, mental disorders, disorders of circulation and breathing etc are manifested. Ultimately all these pathological variations will lead to manifestation of many vata disorders.

Probable modern correlation – Vishamagni can be closely correlated to ‘atonic dyspepsia’ explained in modern medicine.

C4

REMEDY FOR VISHAMAGNI

Vata balancing foods, good physical and mental rest, keeping away worries and stress, light and easily digestible foods with unctuous substances like ghee,oil etc, vata balancing enemas, oil massages, comforting sudation treatments, meat soup, shirodhara and other oil treatments conducted on head and any other measures which balance vata should be used as per need and situation seeing degree of aggravation of vata.

Associated vitiation of pitta or kapha too should be simultaneously addressed. This will take care of unpredictable digestive fire. Similarly, medicines and formulations which would balance vata shall be used.

C5

VISHAMAGNI CHIKITSA

Anti vata treatment like; giving unctuous sour,salty items, fasting with light food. Formulations like Agni tundivati and Hingvashtakachurna would be beneficial.

Pathya(DO):

Purana rakta Sali, vilepi,sura,kacchi muli, lehsuna, bathua, purana petha, banana, sahjana,parval,baingan,neem,kakoda,nimbu,madhgu,jera,dadhi,hing,ajvain,anar, narangi,amla,garam jala,katu,tikta dravya

panchkarma

Apathya(DON’T):

Sami dhana,fish,ati jalapana, udad,jamuna, aalu,kurchika,morat, dugdha,kilat, sarbat, dushita jata,guru paki dravya

Tivra virechana,vega dharana,anasana,ratri jagaran,raktmokshana,vishaasana  

In Agniméndya such drugs and articles of diet should be given which increase the Agni and decrease Kapha.

Simple single formula

1.Sunthi (dried ginger) powder 2 gm., taken twice daily with warm water relieves Agniméndya.  

2. Ardraka (ginger) 5 g., to be taken with salt or Guda (jaggery) twice daily before meal.  

3. Haritaki powder 3 g., to be taken twice a day before meal with salt or Guda (jaggery)  

4. NimbuSvarasa (lemon juice) 7 to 14 ml., to be taken three times a day after meal.  

Simple Preparations

1. Keep 1 gm. powder each of Marica (black pepper) and salt on the one half of the cut Nimbi‘i (lemon) and heat it over cindert Juice of such lemon is to be sucked 2 or 3 times a day with meal.  

2. 1 gm. powder each of fruit of Pippaii’ (long pepper) and salt to be taken along with Nimbi'iSvarasa (lemon juice) two times a day with meal.  

3. Soak 25 g. of Misreyé (fennel) fruit in 350 ml. of water for 3 hours, strain by pressing, discard the mare and to the liquid thus obtained add 25 ml. of Ci'irriodaka (lime water) and lemon juice. Divided it into 3 parts, take first part after meal and subsequently take remaining two parts after short intervals.  

4. Take equal parts of fruit rind of HathakT (chebulicmyobalan), éunthi (dried ginger) and rock salt in powder form, and one third of its weight of Guda (jaggery). This is to be taken in 1 to 3 g. dose with warm water once a day before first meal.  

Compound Preparations

1. Lavanabhaskara Curna: 1 to 3 gm. to be taken with warm water or NimbUSvarasa (lemon juice) two times a day before meal.  2. Hingvastaka Curna: 1 to 3 gm, to be taken with warm water or Nimbi‘iSvarasa (lemon juice), two times a day before or with meal.  

3. Pacana Lavana: 1 to 3 gm, to be taken with warm water two times a day after meal.  

4. Ajamodadi Curna: 1 to 3 g., to be taken with warm water, two times a day after meal.  

5.Tekarajamarica Curna: 330 to 660 mg., to be taken with honey, first in the morning on empty stomach followed by 2 such doses at the interval of 8 hours.  

6. Sivaksara Pacana: 3 to 6 g. to be taken with warm water, after meal two times a day.  

7. Usirédi Curna: 600 mg. to 2 g. to be taken with warm water three times a day before meal.  

8. Citrakadi Vati: 1 to 2 Vati, to be taken with warm water two times a day before meal.  

9. Rasonadi Vati: 1 to 2 Vati, to be taken with warm water two times a day before meal.  

10. Sankha Vati* : 1 to 2 Vati, to be taken with warm water 3  to 4 times a day or as needed.  

11. Agnitundi Vati * '. 1 to 2 VatT. to be taken with warm water  2 times a day before meal.  

12. Ardrakakhandavalehyam- 2 to 6 g., to be taken half an  hour before meal with warm water two times a day  

13. Jirakadyarista: 14 to 28 ml., to be taken two times a day  after meal by adding equal quantity of water, 

RASODHI/BHASMA/PISTI-(120-250MG WITH MADHU/USHNODAKA)

- Agnitundi rasa-(parad,gandhak,vatsanabh,ajvain,triphala,dvikshar,tankan)

- Kshudhasagar rasa-(triphala,trikatu,panchlavan,dvikshar,tankan,parad,gandhak)

- Ajeerna kantaka rasa-(parad,gandhak,vatsanabh,kali maricha)

- Rambana rasa-(parad,gandhak,lavanga,maricha,jayphala)

- Agnikumar rasa-(parad,gandhak,tankan,vatsanabh,raka bhasma,karpada bhasma)

- Hutasana rasa-(parad,gandhak,tankana,vatsanabh,kalimaricha)

- Agni sandeepan rasa-(shadushna,panchlavana,trikshar,hinga,parad ,gandhak, vatsanabh, loha,abhrak,sankh,vanga)

- Bhaskar rasa-(parad,gandhak,vatsanabh,tankan,jayphala,trikatu,loha,karpada)

- Kravyad rasa-(parad,gandhak,tamra,loha,panchkola,tankan)

VATI-(250-500MG WITH USHNA JALA)

- Chitrakadi vati-(dvikshar,trilavan,hing,ajmoda)

- Gandhak vati-(gandhak,chitrakmula,pippali,kali mirch,sunthi,saindhav,yavkshar)

- Shankh vati-(chinchakshar,pacha lavan,sankh bhasma,hing)

- Hingvadi vati-(hing,ajmoda,amlaveta,vrikshamla,pippali)

- Jatiphaladi vati-(jayphala,long,pipper,saindhav,vatsanabh,sunth,dattur bija)

- Lavangadi vati-(lavang,sunthi,kali marich,apamarga,chitrak,tankan)

CURNA-(3-6GM WITH MADHU/USHNODAKA)

- Lavana bhaskar curna-(samundra,saindhav & kala namak, dhaniya, pippermula, pippali, trijata,amlavetas)

- Hingvastak curna-(trikatu,ajmoda,saindhav,jeeradva,hing,)(sambhag ghrita1st grasa of food)

- Badbamukha curna-(harad,sunth,pipper,karanja brrj,bilva guda,chitrak)

- Agnimukha curna-(hing,vacha,pippal,sunthi)

- Badvanal curna-(saindhav,pippali mula,pippali, chavya,chitrak,haritaki)

- Saindhvadha curna-(saindhav,chitrak,harad,lavanga,kali marich,pippali)

- Pathyadi curna-(harad,pippali,sauchar lavana)

KAVATH/ASAV/ARISHTA-(20-40ML WITH SAMABHAG WATER)

- Phalatrikadi kvatha-(triphala)

- Amritarista-(guduchi,trikatu,dhataki,guda)

- Kumaryasava-(ghritakumari,tripahala,trikatu)

GHRITA/TAILA(10-30ML WITH USHNA JALA)

- Agni Ghrita-(Panchkol,Hing,Ajmoda,Panchlavan,Yavkshar,Dadhi,Kanji,Sukta,Adraka)

- Mutshatphala ghrita-(panchkol,yavkshar,ghrita,dadhi)