Honorable Mention, Biological Science and Engineering Category
The purpose of my project was to examine the fungi Pestalotiopsis microspora and Phanerochaete chrysosporium and their potential to degrade plastics in a home setting. Both fungi are inexpensive, readily available, and contain enzymes capable of breaking down plastic’s carbon structure. Three sets of experiments were designed to examine these fungi’s degradation ability individually and combined. Polyurethane and polyethylene pellets were used. Each plastic type was tested twice; once exposed to its specific type of fungi and once exposed to a combination of both. Samples consisted of six pellets of the same material, diameter and mass placed equidistant from one another in a hexagon formation over a bed of fungi in equally sized petri dishes. Each experiment set consisted of five replicates plus a control. Degradation was detected as early as three days into the experiment. The bores and scarring on the degraded pellets were in the shape of a hemisphere. Using radius measurements, I approximated the degradation volume. The results confirmed the fungi’s ability to deteriorate plastic, but the rates of degradation were found to be less than anticipated. Polyurethane samples exposed to Pestalotiopsis microspora exhibited the highest rate of deterioration. For test conditions, combining different strains of fungi didn’t improve the efficiency and the productivity of the fungal environment in degrading the plastic pieces. Recommended future studies include examining other fungi strains and plastics as well as scaling the experiment to a larger container to study the feasibility of building a home compost bin for plastic waste.