One of the long term effects of global warming is the accumulation of ozone gas on the Earth's surface. This increase in ozone has been shown to slow the growth rate of plants in multiple previous experiments, including Beuker and Häikiö (2007), Kou and Zhu (2014), and Gregg (2013). These dangerous effects of ozone have the potential to slow crop production and negatively impact food production worldwide. A potential solution to combat the negative effects of ozone on the growth rate of plants may be found in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi or AMF. AMF are fungi found in soil that form a symbiotic relationship with plant roots and have been shown to increase the growth rate and uptake of nitrogen from the soil. AMF has been shown to be beneficial to many different species of plants, including Trifolium repens L (white clover) in previous experiments such as Chen and Yin (2009) and Huang and Zhong (2013). White clover's known positive relationship with AMF and their negative relationship with ozone makes this an ideal plant to study to see if the positive effects of AMF can combat the negative effects of ozone on plant growth rates.

In order to confirm the effects of both AMF and ozone on Trifolium repens L, I measured the growth rate of three controlled trials and one experimental trial. The controlled trials consisted of plants grown without ozone or AMF, plants grown with AMF but not ozone, and plants grown without AMF but with ozone. The experimental group consisted of plants grown with AMF that were also exposed to ozone. There were three containers for each control and three containers for the variable, each with 50 seeds, and each in a closed environment. Those that were exposed to ozone were exposed to an ozone level over 1.5 times the normal atmospheric levels using an Aqua 6 Ozone Generator. AMF was introduced using methods described in Huang and Zhong (2013). The growth of the plants was measured using millimeter rulers located in each pot.

The results confirmed the expected outcomes of the controls; that AMF was able to increase plant growth and ozone caused a decrease in growth. Plants exposed to both AMF and ozone had a growth rate with no statistically significant difference to the growth rate of plants not exposed to ozone. This means that AMF is able to combat the negative effects of ozone and allow the plants to grow normally.

More studies could be done in order to investigate the use of AMF to combat the negative effects of ozone pollution on plant growth. More research should be done into the long term effects of each of these variables on the growth of the plants, as well as their effects on other species of plants.