The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a hinge type synovial joint that connects the mandible to the rest of the skull. More specifically, it is an articulation between the mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bone, and the condylar process of the mandible. Even though the TMJ is classified as a synovial-type joint, it is atypical in that its articular surfaces are lined by fibrocartilage rather than hyaline cartilage.
Articulatio Temporomandibularis
In anatomy, the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) are the two joints connecting the jawbone to the skull. It is a bilateral synovial articulation between the temporal bone of the skull above and the mandible below; it is from these bones that its name is derived. This joint is unique in that it is a bilateral joint that functions as one unit. Since the TMJ is connected to the mandible, the right and left joints must function together and therefore are not independent of each other.[1]
Az ÃllkapocsÃzÃlet (Articulatio temporomandibularis) a koponya egyetlen valÃdi ÃzÃlete, mely az Ãllkapcsot a koponyÃhoz rÃgzÃti, ugyanakkor lehetÅvà teszi az Ãllkapocs elmozdulÃsÃt.
Az ÃzÃlet kÃt rÃsÃben kÃt kÃlÃnbÃzÅ mozgÃs valÃsul meg. Az alsÃ, discomandibularis Ãregben forgà mozgÃs tÃrtÃnik egy harÃntirÃnyú tengely kÃrÃl (az Ãllkapocs feje (caput mandibulae) elÅrefelà forog a sajÃt tengelye kÃrÃl). Az articulatio discomandibularis egy forgà (ginglymus) ÃzÃletkÃnt mÅkÃdik. Ez a mozgÃs zajlik le egy kb. 15Â-os szÃjnyitÃsig (mikor az alsà Ãs felsÅ metszÅfogak (dens incisivus) kÃzÃtti tÃvolsÃg nem tÃbb, mint 2 cm). TovÃbbi szÃjnyitÃshoz mÃr a felsÅ Ãregben zajlà csúszà mozgÃs is szÃksÃges. Ilyenkor az oldalsà rÃpizom nemcsak az Ãllkapocs fejecsÃt húzza elÅre a (tuberculum articularen), hanem az ÃzÃleti korongot is. A szÃjnyitÃs Ãs zÃrÃs tÃnyleges ÃzÃleti tengelye a kÃtodali (foramen mandibulaet) ÃsszekÃtÅ harÃnt vonal. (Ez megakadÃlyozza a nervus alvolaris inferior megfeszÃlÃsÃt, egyben a mandibula nyitÃsÃval Ãs zÃrÃsÃval meghatÃrozhatà a foramen helye az ideg vezetÃses ÃrzÃstelenÃtÃsÃhez.)
RÃgÃskor az Ãllkapocs kÃt feje ellentÃtes irÃnyba mozog egy fÃggÅleges tengely kÃrÃl. Az articulatio temporomandibularisokban az ÅrlÅ mozgÃst forgà mozgÃs egÃszÃti ki, mivel a fogak rÃgÃs kÃzben nemcsak oldalra mozognak, de zúznak is.
ARTICULATIO TEMPOROMANDIBULARIS Temporomandibular joint. Allows for movement of the mandible for speech and mastication Most frequently used articulation Their correct functioning, several other vegetative and relational functions more or less are based on their performance Adaptable.
Hyper mobility Subluxation Self-reducing, incomplete dislocation of a joint in which the patient is able to close his or her mouth without assistance Luxation (true dislocation) Joint is displaced from its articulations and requires manipulation by another individual to return to its normal position
Chapter 5
Arthrology
General
Articulations, or joints (articulationes [juncturae] ossium), are formed when two or more bones are united by fibrous, elastic, or cartilaginous tissue or by a combination of these tissues. Three main groups are recognized and named according to their most characteristic structural features. Where little movement is required, the union is short, direct, and often transitory. A fibrous joint (junctura fibrosa), formerly known as a synarthrosis, is one of this nature. Such joints include syndesmoses, sutures, and gomphoses. A cartilaginous joint (junctura cartilaginea), formerly known as an amphiarthrosis, permits only limited movement, such as compression or stretching. A synovial joint (junctura synovialis) formerly known as a diarthrosis or true joint, facilitates mobility. The studies of Kadletz (1932) provide detailed information on the arthrology of the dog, and the well-documented work of Barnett et al. (1961) discusses the structure and mechanics of synovial joints in considerable detail.
38c6e68cf9