What is the Anxiety, Depression and Mood Scale (ADAMS) and How to Use It?
The Anxiety, Depression and Mood Scale (ADAMS) is a self-report instrument that assesses symptoms of anxiety and depression among individuals with mental retardation. It was developed by Esbensen et al. in 2003 and has been validated in various populations[^1^]. The ADAMS consists of 28 items that measure four subscales: General Anxiety, Social Avoidance, Depressed Mood, and Manic/Hyperactive Mood. The items are rated on a 4-point Likert scale from 0 (never) to 3 (always), and the total score ranges from 0 to 84. Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms of anxiety and depression.
The ADAMS can be used for screening, diagnosis, and treatment evaluation of anxiety and depression among individuals with mental retardation. It can help identify individuals who may benefit from further assessment or intervention, monitor changes in symptoms over time, and evaluate the effectiveness of psychological or pharmacological treatments. The ADAMS can be administered by trained professionals or caregivers, and it takes about 10 minutes to complete. The ADAMS is available in 15 languages[^2^] and can be downloaded for free from the Mapi Research Trust website[^3^].
Anxiety depression and mood scale adams pdf
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The ADAMS is a useful tool for assessing anxiety and depression among individuals with mental retardation, as it covers both emotional and behavioral aspects of these conditions. It has good psychometric properties and is sensitive to changes in symptoms. The ADAMS can help clinicians and researchers better understand and address the mental health needs of this population.
How to Use the ADAMS Scale?
The ADAMS scale can be administered by a trained professional or a caregiver who is familiar with the individual's behavior and mood. The respondent should be asked to rate how often they have experienced each item in the past week, using the following scale:
0 = Never
1 = Occasionally (less than once a day)
2 = Frequently (about once a day)
3 = Always (more than once a day)
The items are grouped into four subscales, each with seven items. The subscale scores are obtained by adding up the ratings for each item. The total score is obtained by adding up the subscale scores. The possible ranges for each subscale and the total score are:
Subscale
Range
General Anxiety
0-21
Social Avoidance
0-21
Depressed Mood
0-21
Manic/Hyperactive Mood
0-21
Total Score
0-84
The ADAMS scale does not have specific cut-off points for diagnosis, but higher scores indicate more severe symptoms of anxiety and depression. The ADAMS scale can be used to screen for individuals who may need further assessment or intervention, as well as to monitor changes in symptoms over time or in response to treatment. The ADAMS scale can also be used to compare individuals or groups on their levels of anxiety and depression.
The ADAMS scale has been shown to have good reliability and validity in various populations of individuals with mental retardation[^1^]. It has been found to correlate well with other measures of anxiety and depression, such as the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Aberrant Behavior Checklist[^1^]. It has also been shown to be sensitive to changes in symptoms after psychological or pharmacological interventions . The ADAMS scale can help clinicians and researchers better understand and address the mental health needs of individuals with mental retardation.
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