There are various formats of test items in written assessment. Currently, the mostcommon is the MC format with four or five answer options. In Single-best answer(SBA) questions, there is only one best (correct) answer. SBA is the most popular MCformat. In True/false (T/F) items, all correct answers (more than one)must be marked. Simple T/F items might be acceptable. Multiple T/F itemswith combinations of answer options, used in medical exams in the past, are nolonger recommended [4]. The Extended-matchingquestion (EMQ) includes an option list and at least two item stems, and for eachstem, the examinee chooses the single best answer from the list. Multiple-choiceexaminations show high test reliability [6],[13]. Open questions can be answered by awritten essay or keywords (Short-answer question, SAQ). Open questions are more timeconsuming, compared to MC formats [6]. TheModified essay question (MEQ) is a structured variant of the essay format. Inspotter/tag tests, MCQs or SAQs refer to marked (tagged) structures inspecimens or images [1], [13].

Illustrated MCQs (iMCQs) form an integral part of anatomy tests. Different MCQformats, e. g. SBA questions or EMQs, can be combined with illustrations. Variousillustrations can be included, from x-ray or histological images to photographs ofgross preparation specimens or illustrations of functional systems.


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Anatomy questions from two M1 examinations with 27 iMCQs and 130 non-iMCQs were alsoincluded in this study. 16 images of histological sections, 8 surface anatomypictures, 1 image of a dissection specimen, 1 image of a body cross section and 1anatomical illustration were used in iMCQs.

Assessing teaching-learning outcomes in anatomical knowledge is a complex task that requires the evaluation of multiple domains: theoretical, practical, and clinical knowledge. In general, theoretical knowledge is tested by a written examination system constituted by multiple choice questions (MCQs) and/or short answer questions (SAQ). The assessment of practical knowledge (three-dimensional anatomical concepts) involves oral, spot, or objective structured practical examinations (OSPE). Finally, the application of anatomical knowledge to patients is tested mainly through objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE). The major focus of this study is the OSPE. Although many schools challenge students using this tool in practical examinations in the early phase of the curriculum, the true meaning of OSPE is frequently forgotten and it becomes, in reality, a spot examination. This article, for the first time, describes how the concept of the OSPE has evolved and is currently being used to assess the practical domain of anatomical knowledge in a problem-based curriculum at Alfaisal University College of Medicine. In addition, it describes the main differences from the spot examination, which is normally used in traditional medical curricula. The authors believe that the OSPE remains the most efficient tool to assess the practical aspects of anatomical knowledge in a system where basic knowledge is integrated with the clinical or functional part of anatomy. However, this contention only holds true if the OSPE process revolves around structured objectives.

This second edition provides 2400 multiple choice questions on human anatomy and physiology, and some physical science, separated into 40 categories. The answer to each question is accompanied by an explanation. Each category has an introduction to set the scene for the questions to come. However, not all possible information is provided within these Introductions, so an Anatomy and Physiology textbook is an indispensable aid to understanding the answers. The questions have been used in end-of-semester examinations for undergraduate anatomy and physiology courses and as such reflect the focus of these particular courses and are pitched at this level to challenge students that are beginning their training in anatomy and physiology.

Includes more than 1,400 high-yield questions, mirroring the USMLE Step 1 and complete with answers and rationales, that challenge your grasp of anatomical knowledge and the anatomical basis of disease.

General Review Quizzes - TimedGeneral knowledge pathology practice examinations of 30 questions each incorporate different question types from different subject areas. They are in multiple choice format and time just like a real exam. Cick on the SUBMIT button at the end of the exam to generate a score and an answer key which flags the questions answered incorrectly.Extended MatchingSubject areas with 5 questions for sets of 12, 16, and 20 answers. Feedback on answersCase of the WeekA potpourri of fill-in-the-blank questions in quizzes with gross, microscopic, and radiologic images. Feedback on answersLaboratory Medicine CurriculumLaboratory MedicineTutorials with corresponding examinations for self-assessmentInstructions

For timed subject review quizzes, you are timed over a 15 minute interval, with warnings of remaining time at 10, 5, and 1 minute(s). You can click on the radio button to mark your answer. You may change answers at any time. You may flag questions to review. When you are done, click the button to submit the exam, and you will receive a score along with the key.

For time general review quizzes, you are timed over a 30 minute interval, with warnings of remaining time at 15, 5, and 1 minute(s). You can click on the radio button to mark your answer. You may change answers at any time. You may flag questions to review. When you are done, click the button to submit the exam, and you will receive a score along with the key.

The library has an extensive collection of anatomy multimedia resources, atlases, and textbooks to help with your learning and exam prep. This is a list of some of the more heavily used titles, but be sure to search our catalog, Library OneSearch, for additional titles.

This course will introduce physiology, anatomy and pharmacology and their application to sport and exercise science. It will include an outline of basic physiological functions of the body and how these can adapt to changing demand such as during exercise. An introduction to anatomy and the human musculoskeletal system will be linked to aspects of human movement. Understanding of basic pharmacology will focus on the use of drugs in sport and also in common disease states. Energy metabolism and human nutrition will be described with an emphasis on their importance to human physiology and sport and exercise science. Basic physiological techniques will be introduced and will be related to effects and functions of exercise.

In the course skeletal and heart muscle are reviewed together with diseases/injuries of these organs and the use of exercise as a treatment. Anatomical prosections are used to illustrate musculoskeletal anatomy and their association with sports injuries. Mechanisms of sarcopenia, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease are discussed together with the detailed mechanisms that explain the success of exercise interventions in the treatment of these diseases. Undergraduates attend and observe exercise therapy classes relating theory and practice. 17dc91bb1f

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