An Automatic Saw is a cutting device that is powered by a motor and controlled by a computer program, so they are both machine powered and machine controlled
There are many different types of automatic saws, which come in various shapes, sizes, and form factors, serving different purposes mainly related to manufacturing
Automatic saws provide the highest level of efficiency and precision, and have their own advantages and disadvantages depending on the scenario:
Pros of using an automatic saw:
They are the most efficient saws, reducing cutting time significantly compared to manual and semi-automatic saws
They are highly precise, leading to highly accurate cuts
They are capable of cutting through even the thickest and hardest materials with ease
Cons of using an automatic saw:
They are the most expensive type of saw
They require the most maintenance and are the most complex in design
They typically require advanced training to use, making them less suitable for inexperienced users
It is important to consider the specific cutting task, available resources, and operator skill level when deciding whether to use an automatic saw, a semi-automatic saw, or a manual saw. The choice between the three will depend on the scenario, with automatic saws being a better choice for high-volume, precision-critical tasks, semi-automatic saws being suitable for tasks requiring speed and precision, and manual saws being more suitable for simple tasks that require mobility or have limited resources.
For most production environments, raw material is received in standard lengths:
10', 12', & 20' lengths are the most common for bar/tube/strip materials
4'x8' and 5'x10' are the most common for sheet/plate materials
Optimizing how many total standard-length pieces of raw material are needed to successfully cut and can significantly reduce the amount of wasted/unusable length of materials, AKA Drops
Considerations often forgotten but incredibly important when attempting to optimize material usage include:
Kerf is the width of the material removed during a cut
Kerf is bigger than just the width of the cutter/blade!
Kerf can quickly consume a large amount of material length, especially as the number of cuts/pieces increases
Ex: Cutting a 10' bar into 100 pieces with a kerf of 0.100" will result in 10" of material lost just in kerf
End/Trim Drops are drops from the ends of pieces of material
End/trim drops are often necessary due to the way standard material lengths are processed distorting the size/shape of the material at the ends of each piece
The larger the piece of raw material, typically the larger the end/trim drops
Depending on your material supplier, end/trim drops should be accounted for
Ex: The largest usable length of material you can get out of a 10' long square tube with 2" end/trim drops will be 9'8"
A Bill of Materials (BOM) is a comprehensive list of all the components, parts, and raw materials needed to manufacture a product or assemble a finished good. It provides a detailed breakdown of everything required to build a product, including the quantities, specifications, and costs of each item.
The BOM is an essential document in manufacturing and production management because it enables manufacturers to determine the total cost of a product, plan production schedules, and manage inventory levels. It also helps ensure that the right parts and components are available at the right time, so that production runs smoothly and efficiently.
Creating a bill of materials involves several steps:
Identify the finished product: Determine the final product that you intend to manufacture or assemble.
Determine the structure: Identify the components, sub-assemblies, and raw materials needed to build the product.
Determine quantities: Determine the quantity of each component and raw material required to build the product.
Determine costs: Calculate the cost of each item, including shipping, handling, and taxes.
Compile the list: Put all of the information together in a spreadsheet, database, or other document.
Maintain and update: Keep the BOM up-to-date as you make changes to the product design, add or remove components, or update costs.
Overall, the bill of materials is a vital tool for managing the production process and ensuring that products are built on time, on budget, and to the required specifications.
For this Checkpoint, you will be performing the role of an Industry 3.0 (i3.0) Automatic Saw Operator
Note: If you are physically unable to complete the following tasks for whatever reason, please let the instructor know and we'll have you do something else!
Using one of the Tormach Auto-Feed Bandsaws in the MET Cutting Lab, do the following:
Locate 1" 6061-T6 AL Square Bar
As needed (not required), utilize Systems Approach tools/methods/techniques to understand how the saw operates:
System-Module-Component Breakdown
Sequential Function Chart (SFC)
Power-Work-Control (PWC) / Energy-Material-Information (EMI) Charts
Displacement Step Diagram (DSD)
As needed during setup & operation of the saw, troubleshoot & resolve minor malfunctions or problems that arise
Consult the Tormach AF-50 Autofeed Bandsaw Operator's Manual
DO NOT DISASSEMBLE THE SAW WITHOUT INSTRUCTOR PERMISSION/DIRECTION
Load the square bar in the autofeed bandsaw:
Setup the saw to cut 1.25" (+/- 1/16") long pieces
Perform a test cut & adjust as needed to prepare for an automated run of more parts:
Perform a run of 3 parts to cut automatically (for a grand total of 4 pieces for this assignment)
Deburr all sharp edges of each piece
Inspect the cut quality/dimension to the specified tolerance
Record and document:
Setup Time (How long it took you to get ready to cut)
Cycle Time (How long it took you to cut each piece)
Post-Processing Time (How long it took you to inspect & deburr each piece)
Bring the pieces to your instructor to verify quality & be used to make parts at a later date
Once done, upload documentation of your progress (text/pictures/gifs/videos) to your previously-created "Saw Operator" project page on your portfolio website, including:
You performing all operations of making the pieces (ID, setup, measure/layout, cutting, deburring, inspecting)
A table showing your setup, cycle, and post-processing times
Descriptions/summaries of what you did/learned