A semi-automatic saw is a cutting device that is powered by a motor and controlled by a person.
There are many different types of semi-automatic saws, that come in different shapes, sizes, and form factors, serving various purposes from construction tools to medical devices. Semi-automatic saws offer a balance between manual and fully-automatic saws.
Semi-automatic saws fill an intermediate role between manual and fully-automatic saws, and have their pros and cons depending on the scenario:
Pros of using a semi-automatic saw:
They are more efficient than manual saws, reducing cutting time
They are more precise, leading to more accurate cuts
They are able to cut through thicker or harder materials than manual saws
Cons of using a semi-automatic saw:
They are generally more expensive than manual saws
They require more maintenance and may be more complex in design
They require training to use, making them less suitable for inexperienced users
It is important to consider the specific cutting task, available resources, and operator skill level when deciding whether to use a semi-automatic saw or a manual saw. The choice between the two will depend on the scenario, with semi-automatic saws being a better choice for tasks requiring speed and precision, and manual saws being more suitable for tasks that are simple, require mobility, or have limited resources.
In the manufacturing industry, perhaps the most common type of semi-automatic saw is a bandsaw, of which there are several types:
Vertical Bandsaws are designed for cutting smaller pieces of material and are often used for precision cutting, especially when non-linear and compound angles are required
Horizontal Bandsaws are designed for cutting long pieces of material and are known for their accuracy and versatility
Guillotine Bandsaws are designed for cutting extremely large and long pieces of material. They are known for their accuracy and efficiency, and are often used in production lines where large numbers of cuts are required
Portabands (portable bandsaws) are a type of handheld semi-automatic saw that are designed for cutting on-site, and can be used for both straight cuts and curves.
There are many variables in the design & use of saw blades that can drastically affect the performance and efficiency during cutting
Therefore, in order to make accurate & efficient cuts, it is important to choose the right blade for the job
Basic factors to consider when selecting a blade include the material type and size/shape:
The type of material will necessitate different material types for the blade/teeth:
Soft materials such as wood and plastic may require a blade made of high-speed steel or bi-metal
Harder materials such as most metals may require a blade made of carbide-tipped teeth
Extremely hard materials may even utilize diamond-tipped blades
The size/shape of material will necessitate different tooth counts/profiles on the blade:
Larger, thicker pieces of material need a blade with a lower tooth count and a wider blade body may be needed for stability
Smaller, thinner pieces need a blade with a higher tooth count and a narrower blade body may be preferred for a smoother, more precise cut
When cutting materials with non-solid and inconsistent thicknesses (ex: angle iron, i-beams, tubing, etc.) you should shoot for the number of teeth "in the cut" - teeth actively engaging the material - to be between 3 to 6 teeth for softer materials (ex: wood), and 6-24 teeth for harder materials (ex: metals)
Bandsaw blade maintenance and replacement are important for several reasons:
Blade Longevity: Proper maintenance and blade replacement can extend the life of the blade, reducing the need for frequent replacements and reducing costs in the long term.
Accuracy: Worn or damaged blades can result in inaccuracies in the cuts made, affecting the quality of the finished product. Maintaining and replacing blades can help ensure that cuts are accurate and consistent.
Safety: Damaged blades can be dangerous, potentially causing harm to the operator or those nearby. Maintaining and replacing blades can help ensure that the saw operates safely.
To reduce wear on blades and extend their life, it is important to:
Use the correct blade for the material being cut: Using the correct blade can help reduce wear and extend blade life.
Maintain proper blade tension: Keeping the blade properly tensioned can help reduce wear and improve the accuracy of cuts.
Reduce blade speed and feed rate: Reducing the speed and feed rate can help reduce blade wear, particularly when cutting harder materials.
Avoid cutting materials that are too hard or thick: Overloading the blade can result in excessive wear and damage.
Clean and oil the blade regularly: Regular cleaning and oiling can help reduce wear and corrosion, extending the life of the blade.
By following these best practices and regularly maintaining and replacing blades, you can ensure that your bandsaw operates efficiently, accurately, and safely, reducing costs and improving the quality of your finished products.
For this Checkpoint, you will be performing the role of an Industry 2.0 (i2.0) Automatic Saw Operator
Note: If you are physically unable to complete the following tasks for whatever reason, please let the instructor know and we'll have you do something else!
Using the powered horizontal bandsaw in the MET Cutting Lab, do the following:
Locate 1" 6061-T6 AL Square Bar
Load the square bar in the horizontal bandsaw:
Measure and cut off a 1.25" (+/- 1/16") long piece
Inspect the cut quality/dimension to the specified tolerance
Measure and cut off another piece of the same length/tolerance (for a grand total of 2 pieces)
Deburr all sharp edges of the piece
Inspect the cut quality/dimension to the specified tolerance
Record and document:
Setup Time (How long it took you to get ready to cut)
Cycle Time (How long it took you to cut each piece)
Post-Processing Time (How long it took you to inspect & deburr each piece)
Bring the pieces to your instructor to verify quality & to be used to make parts at a later date
Once done, upload documentation of your progress (text/pictures/gifs/videos) to your previously-created "Saw Operator" project page on your portfolio website, including:
You performing all operations of making the pieces (ID, setup, measure/layout, cutting, deburring, inspecting)
A table showing your setup, cycle, and post-processing times
Descriptions/summaries of what you did/learned