Horizontal Turning Centers (HTC's)
Horizontal = Spindle axis (Z) direction is parallel to ground
Turning Center = Workpiece rotates, tools are typically non-rotating
Most common is a 2-Axis HTC, with 3, 4, 5+ & others being less common
Vertical Turning Centers (VTC's)
Vertical = Spindle axis (Z) direction is up and down
Turning Center = Workpiece rotates, tools are typically non-rotating
Most common is a 2-Axis HTC, with 3, 4, 5+ & others being less common
Y-Axis/Live-Tooling Lathes = Have an additional Y-Axis that uses Axial & Radial "Live Tooling" which allows them to perform non-concentric milling operations in addition to concentric turning operations. Are commonly used to make parts with minor, non-concentric features (gears, splines, etc.).
Dual-Spindle/One-Op Lathes = Have a secondary spindle opposing the primary spindle, which the part can be transferred to after initial machining, to then turn the "back" side of the part, making for a machine that can turn completed parts in a single setup. Are commonly used to make high-volume parts that require machining on both ends.
Swiss Lathes = Have a guide bushing that supports the workpiece as close as possible to the cutting tool, ensuring maximum rigidity & tolerance with minimal chatter & deflection. Also typically utilizes gang tooling setups rather than tool turrets. Are commonly used to make small, complex, and high-tolerance parts as well as long, slender parts.
With instructor supervision, go over & demonstrating the following competencies in the lab:
Identify multiple types of CNC Lathes and CNC Lathe configurations in the lab, including:
2-Axis CNC Lathe(s)
3-Axis CNC Lathe(s)
Different Types of Chuck(s)
Tailstock(s)
Chip Conveyor(s)
Automatic Tool Probe(s)